The caregiving relationship under stress: foster carers’ experience of loss of the sense of self

References

• Allen, J. and Vostanis, P. (2005) ‘The impact of abuse and trauma on the developing child: an evaluation of a training programme for foster carers and supervising social workers’. Adoption & Fostering, 29 (3): 68–81.10.1177/030857590502900308
   Google Scholar
• Alvarez, A. (1992) Live Company: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy with Autistic, Borderline, Deprived and Abused Children. Hove: Brunner-Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bion, W.R. (1959) ‘Attacks on linking’. In Second Thoughts (1967). London: Karnac.
   Google Scholar
• Bion, W.R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: Karnac.
   Google Scholar
• Boswell, S. and Cudmore, L. (2017) ‘Understanding the “blind spot” when children move from foster care into adoption’. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 43 (2): 243–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, J. and Bednar, L. (2006) ‘Foster parent perceptions of placement breakdown’. Children and Youth Services Review, 28 (12): 1497–1511.10.1016/j.childyouth.2006.03.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cairns, K. (2008) ‘Enabling effective support: secondary traumatic stress and adoptive families’. In Hindle, D. and Shulman, G. (eds) The Emotional Experience of Adoption: A Psychoanalytic Perspective. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, P., Price, J.M., Reid, J.B., Landsverk, J., Fisher, P.A. and Stoolmiller, M. (2006) ‘Who disrupts from placement in foster and kinship care?’ Child Abuse and Neglect, 30 (4): 409–424.10.1016/j.chiabu.2005.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cregeen, S. (2017) ‘A place within the heart: finding a home with parental objects’. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 43 (2): 159–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuthbert, C., Rayns, G. and Stanley, K. (2011) All babies count: prevention and protection for vulnerable babies. www.nspcc.org.uk
   Google Scholar
• Daniel, B., Taylor, J. and Scott, J. (2011) Recognising and Helping the Neglected Child: Evidence-based Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley.
   Google Scholar
• Dozier, M., Higley, E., Albus, K.E. and Nutter, A. (2002) ‘Intervening with foster infants’ caregivers: targeting three critical needs’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 23 (5): 541–554.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emanuel, L. (2002) ‘Deprivation × 3’. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 28 (2): 163–179.10.1080/00754170210143771
   Google Scholar
• Fonagy, P. and Target, M. (1997) ‘Attachment and reflective function: their role in self-organisation’. Development and Psychopathology, 9: 679–700.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonagy, P., Steele, M., Steele, H., Moran, G.S. and Higgitt, A.C. (1991) ‘The capacity for understanding mental states: the reflective self in parent and child and its significance for security of attachment’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 12 (3): 201–218.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraiberg, S., Adelson, E. and Shapiro, V. (1975) ‘Ghosts in the nursery’. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 14: 387–421.10.1016/S0002-7138(09)61442-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freud, S. (1912) ‘The dynamics of transference’. SE 12: 97–108.
   Google Scholar
• Freud, S. (1926) ‘Inhibitions, symptoms and anxiety’. SE 20: 77–175.
   Google Scholar
• Gerhardt, S. (2004) Why Love Matters: How Affection Shapes a Baby’s Brain. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein, J., Freud, A. and Solnit, A.J. (1973) Beyond the Best Interests of the Child. London: Burnett Books.
   Google Scholar
• Halton, W. (1994) ‘Some unconscious aspects of organizational life: contributions from psychoanalysis’. In Obholzer, A. and Zagier Roberts, V. (eds) The Unconscious at Work: Individual and Organizational Stress in the Human Services. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Heimann, P. (1950) ‘On counter-transference’. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 31: 81–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry, G. (1974) ‘Doubly deprived’. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 3 (4): 15–28.10.1080/00754179708257300
   Google Scholar
• Hesse, E. and Main, M. (2000) ‘Disorganized infant, child, and adult attachment: collapse in behavioral and attentional strategies’. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 48 (4): 1097–1127.10.1177/00030651000480041101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollway, W. (2012) ‘Infant observation: opportunities, challenges, threats’. Infant Observation, 15 (1): 21–32.10.1080/13698036.2012.654653
   Google Scholar
• Hollway, W. and Jefferson, T. (2000) Doing qualitative research differently. London: Sage.10.4135/9781849209007
   Google Scholar
• Hopkins, J. (2000) ‘Overcoming a child’s resistance to late adoption: how one new attachment can facilitate another’. Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 26 (3): 335–347.
   Google Scholar
• Howe, D. (2003) ‘Attachment disorders: disinhibited attachment behaviours and secure base distortions with special reference to adopted children’. Attachment and Human Development, 5 (3): 265–270.10.1080/14616730310001593965
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ironside, L. (2004) ‘Living a provisional existence: thinking about foster carers and the emotional containment of children placed in their care’. Adoption & Fostering, 28 (4): 39–49.10.1177/030857590402800406
   Google Scholar
• Klein, M. (1946) ‘Notes on some schizoid mechanisms’. In Envy and Gratitude and Other Works 1946–1963 (1997). London: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Klein, M. (1948) ‘On the theory of anxiety and guilt’. In Envy and Gratitude and Other Works 1946–1963 (1997). London: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Klein, M. (1952) ‘The origins of transference’. In Envy and Gratitude and Other Works 1946–1963 (1997). London: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Lieberman, A.F. and Van Horn, P. (2008) Psychotherapy with Infants and Young Children: Repairing the effects of stress and trauma on early attachment. New York: The Guildford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lyons-Ruth, K. (1996) ‘Attachment relationships among children with aggressive behavior problems: the role of disorganized early attachment patterns’. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64 (1): 64–73.10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Main, M. and Hesse, E. (1990) ‘Parents’ unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: is frightened and/or frightening parental behaviour the linking mechanism?’ In Greenberg, M.T., Cicchetti, D. and Cummings, M. (eds) Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research and Intervention. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCarthy, G. (2004) ‘The developmental histories of children who experience high levels of placement instability in the care system’. Adoption & Fostering, 28 (4): 60–65.10.1177/030857590402800408
   Google Scholar
• Meier, J.H. (1987) ‘Variables associated with disrupted placement in a select sample of abused and neglected children’. Child Abuse and Neglect, 11 (1): 75–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, L. (2002) ‘The relevance of observation skills to the work discussion seminar’. Infant Observation, 5 (1): 55–72.10.1080/13698030208401648
   Google Scholar
• Murray, L., Tarren-Sweeney, M. and France, K. (2011) ‘Foster carer perceptions of support and training in the context of high burden of care’. Child and Family Social Work, 16 (2): 149–158.10.1111/cfs.2011.16.issue-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Music, G. (2011) Nurturing Natures: Attachment and Children’s Emotional, Sociocultural and Brain Development. Taylor & Francis Group: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ogden, T. (1979) ‘On Projective Identification’. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis., 60: 357–373.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osofsky, J. (2004) Young Children and Trauma: Intervention and Treatment. London: Guildford.
   Google Scholar
• Parsons, M. (2007) ‘Raiding the inarticulate: the internal analytic setting and listening beyond countertransference’. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 88: 1441–1456.10.1516/T564-G13J-400H-2W23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry, B. (2006) The Boy Who was Raised as a Dog and other stories from a child psychiatrist’s notebook. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Perry, B., Pollard, R.A., Blakley, T.L., Baker, W.L. and Vigilante, D. (1995) ‘Childhood trauma, the neurobiology of adaptation, and “use-dependent” development of the brain: how “states” become “traits”’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 16 (4): 271–291.10.1002/1097-0355(199524)16:4<>1.0.CO;2-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld, H. (1987) Impasse and interpretation: therapeutic and anti-therapeutic factors in the psychoanalytic treatment of psychotic, borderline, and neurotic patients. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Salzberger-Wittenberg, I. (1970) Psycho-analytic insight and relationships. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Sargent, K. and O’Brien, K. (2004) ‘The emotional and behavioural difficulties of looked after children: foster carers’ perspectives and an indirect model of placement support’. Adoption & Fostering, 28 (2): 31–37.10.1177/030857590402800205
   Google Scholar
• Schore, A.N. (2001) ‘Contributions from the decade of the brain to infant mental health: an overview’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22 (1–2): 1–6.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scottish Government (2009) ‘Early years framework’. www.gov.scot/Publications/2009/01/13095148/0.
   Google Scholar
• Scottish Government (2016) ‘Getting it right for every child (GIRFEC)’. http://www.gov.scot/Topics/People/Young-People/gettingitright.
   Google Scholar
• Siegel, D.J. (2001) ‘Toward an interpersonal neurobiology of the developing mind: attachment relationships, “mindsight”, and neural integration’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22 (1–2): 67–94.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J.A. (2008) Qualitative Psychology: A Practical Guide to Research Methods. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, J.A., Flowers, P. and Larkin, M. (2009) Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon, J. and George, C. (1996) ‘Defining the caregiving system: toward a theory of caregiving’. Infant Mental Health Journal, 17 (3): 183–197.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern, D. (1998) The Interpersonal World of the Infant: A view from psychoanalysis and developmental psychology. London: Karnac.
   Google Scholar
• Stovall-McClough, K.C. and Dozier, M. (2004) ‘Forming attachments in foster care: infant attachment behaviours during the first two months of placement’. Development and Psychopathology, 16: 253–271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward, H., Brown, R. and Westlake, D. (2012) Safeguarding Babies and Very Young Children from Abuse and Neglect. London: Jessica Kingsley.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, K. (2006) ‘Can foster carers help children resolve their emotional and behavioural difficulties?’ Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 11 (4): 495–511.10.1177/1359104506067873
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winnicott, D.W. (1947) ‘Hate in the counter-transference’. In Collected Papers: From Paediatrics to Psycho-Analysis (1958). London: Tavistock.
   Google Scholar
• Winnicott, D.W. (1960) ‘The theory of the parent-infant relationship’. In The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment (1965). London: Hogarth.
   Google Scholar
• Zeanah, C., Larrieu, J., Heller, S., Valliere, J., Hinshaw-Fuselier, S., Aoki, Y. and Drilling, M. (2001) ‘Evaluation of a preventive intervention for maltreated infants and toddlers in foster care’. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40 (2): 214–221.10.1097/00004583-200102000-00016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar