Early Bronze Age IA mortuary practices and difference on the south-eastern Dead Sea Plain, Jordan

References

• Abu-Azizeh, W., Tarawneh, M., Abudanah, F., Twaissi, S. and Al-Salameen, A. 2014. Variability within consistency: cairns and funerary practices of the Late Neolithic/Early Chalcolithic in the Al-Thulaythuwat area, southern Jordan. Levant 46: 161–85. doi: 10.1179/0075891414Z.00000000040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, R. and Genz, H. 1995. Excavations at Fidan 4: a Chalcolithic village complex in the copper ore district of Feinan, southern Jordan. Palestine Exploration Quarterly 127: 8–20. doi: 10.1179/peq.1995.127.1.8
   Google Scholar
• Al-Shorman, A. 2010. Testing the function of Early Bronze Age I dolmens: a GIS investigation. Near Eastern Archeology 73: 46–49. doi: 10.1086/NEA20697246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alon, D. and Yekutieli, Y. 1995. The Tel Halif Terrace ‘Silo Site’ and its implications for Early Bronze Age I. ‘Atiqot 27: 149–89.
   Google Scholar
• Bentley, G. R. 1991. A bioarchaeological reconstruction of the social and kinship systems at Early Bronze Age Bab edh-Dhra’, Jordan. In, Gregg, S. A. (ed), Between Bands and States: 5–34. Carbondale, IL: Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University.
   Google Scholar
• Bentley, G. R. and Perry, V. J. 2008. Dental analysis of the Bab edh-Dhra‵ human remains. In, Ortner, D. J. and Fröhlich, B. (eds), The Early Bronze Age I Tombs and Burials of Bab edh-Dhra‵, Jordan. Reports of the expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan, vol. 3: 281–96. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press.
   Google Scholar
• Betts, A. V. G. (ed.) 1992. Excavations at Tell Um Hammad, 1982–1984: the Early Assemblages (EB I–II). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Blair, E. H. 2016. Glass beads and constellations of practice. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 97–125. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bloch, M. and Parry, J. (eds) 1982. Death and the Regeneration of Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Translated from French by R. Nice. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Bradbury, J. and Philip, G. 2017. Shifting identities: the human corpse and treatment of the dead in the Levantine Bronze Age. In, Bradbury, J. and Scarre, C. (eds), Engaging with the Dead: Exploring Changing Human Beliefs about Death, Mortality and the Human Body: 87–102. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
   Google Scholar
• Bradbury, J., Braemer, F. and Sala, M. 2014. Fitting upland, steppe and desert into a ‘big picture’ perspective: a case study from northern Jordan. Levant 46: 206–29. doi: 10.1179/0075891414Z.00000000042
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, E. 2020. Observations on the Early Bronze Age cemetery at an- Naqʾ. In Politis, K. D. (ed.), Ancient Landscapes of Zoara I: Surveys and Excavations at the Ghor as-Safi in Jordan, 1997–2018: 127–40. Palestine Exploration Foundation Annual XVII. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S. 1999. Libraries of the dead: Early Bronze Age charnel houses and social identity at urban Bab edh-Dhra’, Jordan. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 18: 137–64. doi: 10.1006/jaar.1998.0330
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S. 2001. Embodied memories of place and people: death and society in an early urban community. In, Chesson, M. S. (ed.), Social Memory, Identity and Death: Ethnographic and Archaeological Perspectives on Mortuary Rituals: 100–13. Archaeological Publications of the American Anthropological Association Publication Series, Vol. 10. Arlington, VA: American Anthropological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S. 2007. Remembering and forgetting in Early Bronze Age mortuary practices on the southeastern Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. In, Laneri, N. (ed.), Performing Death: Social Analyses of Funerary Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean: 109–23. Chicago: Oriental Institute, University of Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S. 2015. Reconceptualizing the Early Bronze Age southern Levant without cities: local histories and walled communities of EBA II–III society. Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 28: 51–79. doi: 10.1558/jmea.v28i1.27501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S. 2016. Risky business: a life full of obligations to the dead and the living on the Early Bronze Age southeastern Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. In, Fleisher, J. and Norman, N. (eds), The Archaeology of Anxiety: 41–65. New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Chesson, M. S., Schaub, R. T. and Rast, W. E. 2020. Numayra: Excavations at the Early Bronze Age Townsite in Jordan, 1977–1983. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University/Eisenbrauns.
   Google Scholar
• Contreras, D. A. and Brodie, N. 2010. Satellite imagery use in investigating looting of archaeological sites in Jordan. Journal of Field Archaeology 35: 101–14. doi: 10.1179/009346910X12707320296838
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crown, P. L. 2001. Learning to make pottery in the prehispanic American southwest. Journal of Anthropological Research 57: 451–69. doi: 10.1086/jar.57.4.3631355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crown, P. L. 2016. Secrecy, production rights, and practice within communities of potters in the prehispanic American southwest. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 67–96. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dessel, J. P. 2009. Lahav I. Pottery and Politics: The Halif Terrace Site 101 and Egypt in the Fourth Millennium B.C.E. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns.
   Google Scholar
• Dethlefson, E. and Deetz, J. 1966. Death’s heads, cherubs, and willow trees: experimental archaeology in colonial cemeteries. American Antiquity 31: 502–10. doi: 10.2307/2694382
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietler, M. 2017. Anthropological reflections on the Koiné concept: linguistic analogies and material worlds. In, Handberg, S. (ed.), Material Koinai in the Greek Early Iron Age and Archaic Period: Acts of an International Conference at the Danish Institute at Athens, 30 January–1 February 2015: 17–39. Danish Institute at Athens’ Monograph Series, Vol. 22. Athens: Danish Institute at Athens.
   Google Scholar
• Dubis, E. and Dabrowski, B. 2002. Field K: the dolmen and other features on the south slopes of Tall al-'Umayri. In, Herr, L. G., Clark, G. R., Geraty, L. T., Younker, R.W. and LaBianca, Ø. Madaba Plains Project 5: The 1994 Season at Tall al-'Umayri and Subsequent Studies: 171–77. Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, J. A. 2018. Dolmens in the Levant. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gilchrist, R. 2008. Magic for the dead? The archaeology of magic in later medieval burials. Medieval Archaeology 52: 119–58. doi: 10.1179/174581708x335468
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosselain, O. P. 2008. Mother Bella was not a Bella. Inherited and transformed traditions in southwestern Niger. In Stark, M., Bowser, B. and Horne, L. (eds), Cultural Transmission and Material Culture: Breaking Down Boundaries: 150–77. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gosselain, O. P. 2016. The world is like a beanstalk: historicizing potting practice and social relations in the Niger River area. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 36–66. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg, R. 2019. The Archaeology of the Bronze Age Levant: From Urban Oriins to the Demise of City-States, 3700–1000 BCE. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harrison, T. P. 2001. Early Bronze Age social organization as reflected in burial patterns from the southern Levant. In, Wolff, S. R. (ed), Studies in the Archaeology of Israel and Neighboring Lands in Memory of Douglas L. Esse: 215–36. Chicago and Atlanta: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago and The American Schools of Oriental Research.
   Google Scholar
• Helms, S. W. 1984. Excavations at Tell Umm Hammad esh-Sharqiya in the Jordan Valley, 1982. Levant 16: 35–54. doi: 10.1179/007589184790586229
   Google Scholar
• Helms, S. W. 1986. Excavations at Um Hammad, 1984. Levant 18: 25–50. doi: 10.1179/lev.1986.18.1.25
   Google Scholar
• Hendon, J. A. 2006. Textile production as craft in Mesoamerica. Journal of Social Archaeology 6: 354–78. doi: 10.1177/1469605306067841
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hockney, J., Green, T., Clayden, A. and Powell, M. 2012. Landscapes of the dead? Natural burial and the materialization of absence. Journal of Material Culture 17: 115–32. doi: 10.1177/1359183512442631
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosler, D. 1996. Technical choices, social categories and meaning among the Andean potters of Las Animas. Journal of Material Culture 1: 63–92. doi: 10.1177/135918359600100104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilan, D. 2002. Mortuary practices in Early Bronze Age Canaan. Near Eastern Archaeology 65: 92–104. doi: 10.2307/3210870
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilan, D. and Rowan, Y. 2019. Expediting reincarnation in the fifth millennium BCE: interpreting the Chalcolithic ossuaries of the southern Levant. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 38: 248–70. doi: 10.1111/ojoa.12171
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingold, T. 2000. The Perception of the Environment. Essays on Livelihood, Dwelling, and Skill. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Joyce, R. A. 2011. ‘What eludes speech’: a dialogue with Webb Keane. Journal of Social Archaeology 11: 158–70. doi: 10.1177/1469605311403836
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keane, W. 2003. Semiotics and the social analysis of material things. Language and Communication 23: 409–25. doi: 10.1016/S0271-5309(03)00010-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keane, W. 2005. The Hazards of New Clothes: What Signs Make Possible. London: University College London Press.
   Google Scholar
• Keane, W. 2010. Marked, absent, habitual: approaches to Neolithic religion at Çatalhöyük. In, Hodder, I. (ed), Religion in the Emergence of Civilization: Çatalhöyük as a Case Study: 187–219. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Keller, C. M. and Keller, J. D. 1996. Cognition and Tool Use: The Blacksmith at Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kersel, M. M. and Hill, A. C. 2019. The (w)hole picture: responses to a looted landscape. International Journal of Cultural Property 26: 305–29. doi: 10.1017/S0940739119000195
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kersel, M. M. and Hill, A. C. 2020. Databases, drones, diggers, and diplomacy: the Jordanian request for a US cultural property bilateral agreement. Journal of Field Archaeology 45 (sup1): S101–S110. doi: 10.1080/00934690.2020.1713282
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuijt, I. 2008. The regeneration of life: Neolithic structures of symbolic remembering and forgetting. Current Anthropology 49: 171–97. doi: 10.1086/526097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuijt, I., Chesson, M. S., Morrow, S., Ó Giolláin, D. and Lash, R. 2021. The good death and the materiality of mourning: 19th–20th centuries coastal Ireland. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 25: 333–74. doi: 10.1007/s10761-020-00557-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapp, P. W. 1966. Bab edh-Dhra’. Revue Biblique 73: 556–61.
   Google Scholar
• Lapp, P. W. 1968a. Bab edh-Dhra’ Tomb A76 and Early Bronze I in Palestine. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 189: 12–41. doi: 10.2307/1356126
   Google Scholar
• Lapp, P. W. 1968b. Bab edh-Dhra’. Revue Biblique 75: 86–93, pls 3–6a.
   Google Scholar
• Lave, J. 2011. Apprenticeship in Critical Ethnographic Practice. Chicago: University of Chicago.
   Google Scholar
• Lave, J. and E. Wenger. 1991. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Littleton, J. n.d. Preliminary analysis of human skeletal remains from Fifa. Manuscript in possession of author.
   Google Scholar
• Logan, A. L. and Stahl, A. B. 2017. Genealogies of practice in and of the environment in Banda, Ghana. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 24: 1356–99. doi: 10.1007/s10816-017-9315-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald, B. 1992. The Southern Ghors and Northeast ‘Arabah Archaeolog­ical Survey 1985–1986, Southern Jordan. With contributions by ‘Amr, K., Broeder, N. H., Skinner, H. C. W., Meyer, C., Neeley, M. P., Reese, D. S. and Whitcomb, D. S. Sheffield Archaeological Monographs 5. Sheffield: J. R. Collis Publications.
   Google Scholar
• McCreery, D. 1980. The Nature and Cultural Implications of Early Bronze Age Agriculture in the Southern Ghor of Jordan—An Archaeological Reconstruction. PhD. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International.
   Google Scholar
• McCreery, D. 1996. A salvage operation at Bab edh-Dhrà. Annual, Department of Antiquities of Jordan 40: 152–62.
   Google Scholar
• Metcalf, P. and Huntington, R. (eds). 1991. Celebrations of Death. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Michelaki, K., Braun, G. V. and Hancock, R. G. V. 2015. Local clay sources as histories of human-landscapes interactions: A ceramic taskscape perspective. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22: 783–827. doi: 10.1007/s10816-014-9204-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, J. M. (ed.) 1990. Archaeological Survey of the Kerak Plateau. American Schools of Oriental Research Archaeological Reports, No. 1. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mills, B. J. 2016. Communities of consumption: cuisines as constellated networks of situated practice. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 247–70. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, E. 2011. Children’s burial grounds in Ireland (Cillini) and parental emotions toward infant death. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 15: 409–28. doi: 10.1007/s10761-011-0148-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nai’mat, Z. N. A. 1998. Early Bronze Age I Mortuary Practices in the Southern Ghors of Jordan (Bab edh-Dhra’, an-Naqe’ and Feifa). MA. Yarmouk University.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolle, C. and Braemer, F. 2012. Settlement networks in the southern Levant in the mid-4th millennium BC: sites with double-asped houses in the Leja area of southern Syria during the EBA IA. Levant 44: 1–16. doi: 10.1179/175638012X13285409187793
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortner, D. J. 1981. A preliminary report on the human remains from the Bab edh-Dhra’ cemetery. In, Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. (eds), The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season: 119–32. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 46. Cambridge, MA: American Schools of Oriental Research.
   Google Scholar
• Ortner, D. and Fröhlich, B. 2008. The Early Bronze Age I Tombs and Burials of Bab edh-Dhrà, Jordan. Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Vol. 3. New York: AltaMira Press.
   Google Scholar
• Papadopoulos, T. J., Kontoli-Papadopoulou, L. and Politis, K. D. 2000. Rescue excavations at an- Naqʾ and Tulaylat Qasr Musa al-Hamid. Annual, Department of Antiquities of Jordan 45: 189–94.
   Google Scholar
• Pauketat, T. 2013. Bundles of/in/as time. In, Robb, J. E. and Pauketat, T. R. (eds), Big Histories, Human Lives: Tackling Problems of Scale in Archaeology: 35–56. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press.
   Google Scholar
• Philip, G. 2008. The Early Bronze I–III Ages. In, Adams, R. (ed), The Archaeology of Jordan: 161–226. London: Equinox Press.
   Google Scholar
• Politis, K. D. 2002. Ancient Landscapes of Zoara I: Surveys and Excavations at the Ghor as-Safi in Jordan, 1997–2018. Palestine Exploration Foundation Annual XVII. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Prag, K. 1995. The Dead Sea dolmens: death and the landscape. In, Campbell, S. and Green, A. (eds), Archaeology of Death in the Ancient Near East: 75–84. Oxford: Oxbow Books.
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. 1999. Society and mortuary customs at Bab edh-Dhra’. In, Kapitan, T. (ed), Archaeology, History and Culture in Palestine and the Near East, Essays in Memory of Albert E. Glock: 164–82. Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. 1974. Survey of the southeastern plain of the Dead Sea, 1973. Annual, Department of Antiquities, Jordan 19: 5–53.
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. 1978. A preliminary report of excavations at Bab edh-Dhra’, 1975. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 43: 1–32.
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. 1980. Preliminary report of the 1979 expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 240: 21–61. doi: 10.2307/1356536
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. 1981. The Southeastern Dead Sea Plain Expedition: An Interim Report of the 1977 Season. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research. Vol. 46. Cambridge, MA: American Schools of Oriental Research.
   Google Scholar
• Rast, W. E. and Schaub, R. T. 2003. Bab edh-Dhra’: Excavations at the Town Site (1975–1981). Reports of the Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain. Vol. 2. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
   Google Scholar
• Roddick, A. P. 2016. Scalar relations: a juxtaposition of craft learning in the Lake Titicaca Basin. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 126–54. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Roddick, A. P. and Stahl, A. B. (eds) 2016a. Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Roddick, A. P. and Stahl, A. B. 2016b. Introduction: knowledge in motion. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 3–35. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rosaldo, R. 1984. Grief and a headhunter’s rage. In, Robben, A. C. G. M. (ed.), Death, Mourning, and Burial: A Cross-Cultural Reader: 167–78. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. 1981a. Patterns of burial at Bab edh-Dhra’. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46: 45–68.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. 1981b. Ceramic sequences in the tomb groups at Bab edh-Dhra’. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 46: 69–118.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. 1996. Pots as containers. In, Seger, J. (ed), Retrieving the Past. Essays on Archaeological Research and Methodology in Honor of Gus Van Beek: 231–44. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. 2008. Cultural artifacts of the EB I tombs. In, Ortner, D. J. and Fröhlich, B. (eds), The Early Bronze Age I Tombs and Burials of Bab edh-Dhra’ Jordan: 25–43. New York: Altamira Press.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. 2009. Travelers to a permanent abode: burial practices of the Early Bronze Age I in the southern Ghawrs of Jordan. Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan X: 743–56. Amman: Department of Antiquities, Jordan.
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. and Rast, W. E. 1984. Preliminary report of the 1981 expedition to the Dead Sea Plain, Jordan. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 254: 35–60. doi: 10.2307/1357031
   Google Scholar
• Schaub, R. T. and Rast, W. E. 1989. Bab edh-Dhra': Excavations in the Cemetery Directed by Paul W. Lapp (1965–1967). Reports of the Expedition the Dead Sea Plain. Vol. 1. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns.
   Google Scholar
• Scheltema, H. G. 2010. Megalithic Jordan: An introduction and Field Guide. Amman: American Center of Oriental Research.
   Google Scholar
• Schoenbaum, D. 2016. Pythons worked: constellating communities of practice with conceptual metaphor in northern Lake Victoria, ca. AD 800–1200. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 216–46. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sheridan, S. G., Ullinger, J., Gregoricka, L. and Chesson, M. S. 2014. Bioarchaeological reconstruction of group identity at Early Bronze Age Bab edh-Dhrà, Jordan. In, Porter, B. W. and Boutin, A. T. (eds), Remembering the Dead in the Ancient Near East: Recent Contributions from Bioarchaeology and Mortuary Archaeology: 133–84. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sillar, B. 1996. The dead and the drying: techniques for transforming people and things in the Andes. Journal of Material Culture 1: 259–89. doi: 10.1177/135918359600100301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahl, A. B. 2010. Material histories. In, Hicks, D. and Beaudry, M. C. (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Material Culture Studies: 150–72. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stahl, A. B. 2016. Crafting life in turbulent times: communities of practice in the western Volta Basin from the 13th to the 17th century AD. In, Roddick, A. and Stahl, A. B. (eds), Knowledge in Motion: Constellations of Learning Across Time and Place: 179–215. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tarlow, S. 2015. The Archaeology of Post-Medieval Burial in Europe. Warsaw and Berlin: DeGruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Ullinger, J., Sheridan, S. G. and Ortner, D. J. 2012. Daily activity and lower limb modification at Early Bronze Age Bab edh-Dhra’, Jordan. In, Perry, M. A. (ed), Bioarchaeology of the Near East and Eastern Mediterranean: 180–200. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.
   Google Scholar
• Waheeb, M. 1995. The first season of the an- Naqʾ project, Ghawr as-Safi. Annual, Department of Antiquities, Jordan 39: 553–55.
   Google Scholar
• Wallaert, H. 2008. The way of the potter’s mother: apprenticeship strategies among Dii potters from Cameroon, West Africa. In, Stark, M., Bowser, B. and Horne, L (eds), Cultural Transmission and Material Culture: Breaking Down Boundaries: 178–98. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wenger, E. 1998. Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wilk, R. 2004. Miss Universe, the Olmec and the valley of Oaxaca. Journal of Social Archaeology 4: 81–98. doi: 10.1177/1469605304039851
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar