Publication Cover
Levant
The Journal of the Council for British Research in the Levant
Volume 55, 2023 - Issue 2
173
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Lajjun: forgotten provincial capital in Ottoman Palestine

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Abu-Husayn, A. 1985. Provincial Leaderships in Syria, 1575–1650. Beirut: American University of Beirut
  • Adams, M. J., Cradic, M., Farhi, Y., Peers, M. and Tepper, Y. 2019. A Betyl with a decorated base from the Principia of the Roman VIth Ferrata Legionary Base, Legio, Israel. Israel Museum Studies in Archaeology 9: 68–91. https://museum.imj.org.il/journal/pdf/legio28-5.pdf.
  • Al-‘Amiri, S. 2003. Imarat Qura al-Karasi: Min ta’rikh al-’iqta‘ fi rif Filastin fi al-qarnayn al-thamin ‘ashar wa-l-tasi‘ ‘ashar. Ramallah: Riwaq.
  • Aql, M. 2016. Bilad el-Ruha: Watan wa-Juzhur. No place of Publication: no publisher.
  • ‘Arafat, J. 1997. Qura wa-‘Asha’ir Qada’ Bisan. Nazareth: no publisher.
  • ‘Arafat, J. 1999. Min Dhakirat al-Watan: al-Qura al-Filistiniyya al-Muhajjara fi Qada’ Hayfa. Nazareth: no publisher.
  • Avitsur, Sh. 1963. Seker Mitkaney Koach ha-Mayim be-Eretz Israel 1953–1955. Tel Aviv: Ha-Machon le-Ydi‘at ha-Aretz.
  • D’Arvieux, L. 1735. Memoires du chevalier d’Arvieux, envoyé extraordinaire du Roy à la Porte, Consul d’Alep, d’Alger, de Tripoli, & autres Echelles du Levant. Paris: Chez Charles Jean-Baptiste Delespine le Fils.
  • As‘ad, A. and Khamisy, R. G. 2021. The Druze settlement on Mount Carmel: Daliyat al-Karmil as a case study — Archaeological, historical and geographical evidence. Middle Eastern Studies 57(5): 712–29.
  • Al-‘Awra, I. 1936. Ta’rikh Wilayat Sulayman Basha al-‘Adil. Sayda: Dayr al-Mukhlis.
  • Al-Bakhit, M. ‘A. 1972. The Ottoman Province of Damascus in the Sixteenth Century. PhD. University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.
  • Al-Bakhit, M. ‘A. 1986. Ladjdjūn. In, Bosworth, C. E., van Donzel, E., Lewis, B. and Pellat, Ch. (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Islam: New Edition Prepared by a Number of Leading Orientalists. Vol. 5 (KHE–MAHI): 593–94. Leiden: Brill.
  • Al-Bakhit, M. ‘A. and Hmoud, N. R [al-Sawariyyah]. 1989. The Detailed Defter of Al-Lajjun: Tapu Defteri No. 181 1005 A.H./1596 AD: A Study, Edition and Translation of the Text. Amman: University of Jordan.
  • Al-Bakhit, M. ‘A. and al-Sawariyyah, N. R. 2010. Defrer-i Mufassal of Marj Bani ‘Āmir. its Dependencies and Appendices Entrusted to Amīr Tarabay 945 A.H./1538. Second edition. Amman: University of Jordan.
  • Büssow, J. 2011. Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem, 18721908. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
  • Conder, C. R. and Kitchener, H. H. 1882. The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Geography, Hydrography, and Archaeology, Vol. II: Samaria. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Cytryn-Silverman, K. 2010. The Road Inns (Khāns) in Bilād al-Shām. Oxford: Archaeopress.
  • Cytryn-Silverman, K. and Talmon-Heller, D. 2015. Material Evidence and Narrative Sources: Interdisciplinary Studies of the History of the Muslim Middle East. Leiden: Brill.
  • Al-Dabbagh, M. M. 1991. Biladuna Filastin. Kafr Qara‘.
  • Darling, L. T. 1996. Revenue-Raising and Legitimacy: Tax Collection and Finance Administration in the Ottoman Empire, 1560–1660. Leiden: Brill.
  • Al-Dimashqi, Sh. 1923. Cosmograpgie de Chems-ed-din Abou Abdallah Mohammed el-Dimichqui (Ara. title: Kitab Nukhbat al-Dahr fi ‘Aja’ib al-Barr wa-l-Bahr: ta’lif al-shaykh […] Shams al-Din Abi ‘Abdillah Muhammad b. Abi Talib al-Ansari al-Sufi al-Dimashqi Shaykh al-Rabwa). Leipzig: Otto Harrassowitz.
  • Al-Dimashqi, A. Q. N. 1990. Al-Daris fi Ta’rikh al-Madaris. Bayrut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
  • Doumani, B. 1995. Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700–1900. Berkeley: California University Press.
  • Finn, J. 1877. Byeways in Palestine. London: James Nisbet.
  • Galilee, E. and Kark, R. 2018. Transformation of the Jezreel Valley-Marj Iban ‘Amar in the Late Ottoman Period. New York: Israel Academic Press.
  • Grossman, D. 1994. Expansion and Desertion: The Arab Village and its Offshoots in Ottoman Palestine. Jerusalem: Yad Ben Tzvi.
  • Guérin, V. 1875. Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine. Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L’Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Heyd, U. 1960. Ottoman Documents on Palestine 1552–1615: A Study of the Firman According to the Mühimme Deftyeri. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Hoexter, M. 1973. The role of the Qays and Yaman factions in local political divisions: Jabal Nablus compared with the Judean hills in the first half of the nineteenth century. Asian and African Studies 9(3): 249–311.
  • Hourani, A. 2010. New Documents on the History of Mount Lebanon and Arabistan in the 10th and 11th Centuries. Beirut.
  • Al-Hunayti, H. n.d. Qisat Madinat Jinin. Da’irat al-Thaqafa bi-Munazhzhamat al-Tahrir al-Filistiniyya.
  • Hütteroth, W. D. and Abdulfattah, K. 1977. Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. 5. Erlangen Selbstvverlag der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft in Kommission bei Palm & Enke.
  • Ibn ‘Asakir, ‘A. 1998. Ta’rikh Madinat Dimashq wa-Dhikr Fadliha wa-Tasmiyat Man Hallaha min al-Amathil aw Ijtaza bi-Nawahiha min Waridiha wa-Ahliha. Beirut: al-Fikr.
  • Ibn al-Faqih, H. 1885. Mukhtasar Kitab al-Buldan : Ta’lif Abi Bakr Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Hamadani al-ma‘ruf bi-bn al-Faqig. Leiden: Brill.
  • Ibn Hawqal, I. Q. 1996. Surat al-Ard. Beirut: Dar al-Hayat.
  • Al-Istakhri, A. I. F. 1927. Kitab Masalik al-Mamalik li-Abi Is-haq Ibrahim b. Muhammad al-Farisi al-Istakhri al-Ma‘ruf bi-al-Karkhi wa-huwa mu‘awwal ‘ala Kitab Suwar al-Aqalim li-l-Shaykh Abi Zayd Ahmad b. Sahl al-Balkhi. Leiden: Brill.
  • Jacotin, M. 1826. Carte Topographique de l’Egypte et de Plusieurs Parties des Pays Limitrophes, Levée Pendant l’Expedition de l’Armée Francaise, 1:100,000. Paris.
  • Jamil, W. H. 1998. Umm al-Fahm wa-l-Lajjun: Rihla ‘Abra al-Zaman.
  • Jarrar, H. A. 1990. Jabl al-Nar: Ta’rikh wa-Jihad. Amman: Al-Diya’.
  • Jibly, H. 2004. Turcomans and Jews in North Eretz Israel in the Mandate Period. MA. The University of Haifa.
  • Kana‘ina, S. and Mahamid, ‘U. 1987. Al-Lajjun. Silsilat al-Qura al-Filastiniyya al-Muhajjara 6. Ramallah: Birzeit University.
  • Khalidi, W. 1992. All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington DC: Institute for Palestine Studies.
  • Al-Khatib, A. 1987. Arab al-Turkman: Sons of Marj Ibn Amir. Part One. Amman: Dar el-Jaleel.
  • Khazanov, A. M. and Wink, A. (eds) 2012. Nomads in the Sedentary World. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Le Strange, G. 1890. Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
  • Mahamid, ‘U. 2015. Al-Lajjun. Umm al-Fahm: Mat-haf Turath al-Lajjun and Mu‘asassat al-Jami‘a li-l-Hiwar wa-l-Ta‘lim.
  • Mallahi, ‘A. F. 1997. Asha’ir ‘Arab al-Saqr iban al-Hukm al-‘Uthmani: Dirasa Ta’rikhiyya Ijtima‘iyya.
  • Mansur, A. 1924. Ta’rikh al-Nasira. Egypt: al-Hilal.
  • Al-Maqdisi. 1991. Ahsan al-Taqasim fi ma‘rifat al-Aqalim: li-l-Maqdisi al-ma‘ruf bil-Bashshari. 3rd ed. Cairo: Madbuli (facsimile of Brill edition).
  • Al-Maqrizi, T. D. 1997. Faharis al-Suluk li-Ma‘rifat Duwal al-Muluk. Beirut: al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyya.
  • Mardom Bek, Kh. A. 1925. Kitab Waqf Fatima Khatun. Damascus: al-Awqaf.
  • Marom, R. 2008. From Time Immemorial: Chapters in the History of Even Yehuda and its Region in Light of Historical and Archaeological Research. Even Yehuda.
  • Marom, R. 2019a. The contribution of Conder’s tent work in Palestine for the understanding of shifting geographical, social and legal realities in the Sharon during the Late Ottoman period. In, Gurevich, D. and Kidron, A. (eds), Exploring the Holy Land: 150 Years of the Palestine Exploration Fund: 212–31. Sheffield, UK: Equinox.
  • Marom, R. 2019b. A short history of Mulabbis (Petah Tikva, Israel). Palestine Exploration Quarterly 151(2): 134–45.
  • Marom, R. 2020. The village of Mullabes and its residents: before the establishment of Petah Tikva. Cathedra 176: 49–76.
  • Marom, R. 2022a. Dispelling Desolation: The Expansion of Arab Settlement in the Sharon Plain and the Western Part of Jabal Nablus, 1700–1948. PhD. University of Haifa.
  • Marom, R. 2022b. Jindās: a history of Lydda’s rural hinterland in the 15th to the 20th centuries CE. Lod, Lydda, Diospolis 1: 1–31.
  • Marom, R. 2022c. The Palestinian Rural History Project (PRHP): Mission Statement. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.31021.77285.
  • Marom, R. 2023. The Abu Hameds of Mulabbis: an oral history of a Palestinian village depopulated in the Late Ottoman period. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 50(1): 87–101.
  • Marom, R., Tepper, Y. and Adams, M. J. forthcoming. Al-Lajjun: a social and geographic account of a Palestinian village during the British Mandate period.
  • Maundrell, H. 1703. A Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem at Easter, A.D. 1697. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • McGarvey, J. W. 1893. Lands of the Bible: A Geographical and Topographical Description of Palestine, with Letters of Travel in Egypt, Syria, Asia Minor, and Greece. Louisville, KY: Guide Printing and Publishing.
  • McGowan, B. and McGowan, B. W. 1981. Economic life in Ottoman Europe: Taxation, Trade and the Struggle for Land, 1600–1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mu‘ammar, T. 1979. Dhahir al-‘Umar: Kitab Yatanawwal ta’rikh al-Jalil Khassatan wa-l-Bilad al-Suriyya ‘Ammatan min Sanat 1698 hatta Sanat 1777. Nazareth: Wawfist al-Hakim.
  • Mülinen, E.V. 1908. Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Karmels. Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 31: 1–3.
  • Al-Nimr, I. 1937–1975. Ta’rikh Jabal Nablus wa-l-Balqa’. Damascus and Nablus.
  • Olsaretti, A. 2008. Political dynamics in the rise of Fakhr al-Din, 1590–1633: crusade, trade, and state formation along the Levantine Coast. The International History Review 30(4): 709–40.
  • Oppenheim, M. 1943. Die Beduinenstämme in Palästina, Transjordanien, Sinai, Ḥedjāz. Leipzig: Harrassowitz.
  • Petersen, A. 1997. Jaljuliya: a village on the Cairo–Damascus road. Levant 29(1): 95–114.
  • Petersen, A. 2001. A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine (Part 1). Oxford: Council for British Research in the Levant and Oxford University Press.
  • Petersen, A. 2005. The Towns of Palestine under Muslim Rule, 600–1600. Oxford: Archaeopress.
  • Pringle, D. 1998. The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Corpus. Volume 2, LZ. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Al-Qalqashandi, A. ‘A. A. 1914. Kitab Subh al-A‘sha. Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Khadiwiyya.
  • Reifenberg, A. 1953. The struggle between the ‘desert and the sown’. In, Desert Research. Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Jerusalem, May 7–14, 1952: sponsored by the Research Council of Israel and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: 378–91. Jerusalem: Jerusalem Research Council.
  • Rhode, H. 1979. The Administration and Population of the Sançak of Safad in the Sixteenth Century. PhD. Columbia University.
  • Robinson, E. and Smith, E. 1841. Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838, 1841. New York: Crocker and Brewster.
  • Robinson, E. and Smith, E. 1856. Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and in the Adjacent Regions: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1852. Boston: Crocker and Brewster.
  • Joudah, A. H. 2013. Revolt in Palestine in the Eighteenth Century: The Era of Shaykh Zahir al-‘Umar by Ahmad Hasan Joudah. Piscatawy, NY: Gorgias Press.
  • Salhiya, M. 1999. Sijill Aradi Alwiya (Safad, Nablus, Ghazza wa-Qada’ al-Ramla) hasab al-daftar raqam 312 ta’rikhihi 964H/1556M. ‘Amman: Jami‘at ‘Amman al-Ahliyya.
  • Schumacher, G. 1908. Tell el-Mutesellim; Bericht über die 1903 bis 1905 mit Unterstützung Sr. Majestät des deutschen Kaisers und der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft vom Deutschen Verein zur Erforschung Palästinas veranstalteten Ausgrabungen. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung.
  • Shanti, Kh.‘A. 2015. Banu Jarrar min al-Qastal ila al-Lajjun: Ta’rikhuhum wa-Abraz Shuyukhihim. Dar al-Ma’mun.
  • Sharon, M. 1975. The political role of the Bedouins in Palestine in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In, Maoz, M. (ed.), Studies on Palestine During the Ottoman Period: 11–30. Jerusalem: Magnes Press.
  • Sharon, M. 2017. Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Volume Six: J. Leiden and Boston: Brill.
  • Al-Shidyaq, T. n.d. Kitab Akhbar al-A‘yan fi Jabal Lubnan. Beirut: Manshurat al-Jami‘a al-Lubnaniyya.
  • Sirhan, N. and Kabha, M. 2001. Bilad al-Ruha fi Fatrat al-Intidab al-Baritani: al-Sindiyana Numudhjan. Ramallah: al-Shuruq.
  • Stephan, St. H. 1937. Evliya Tshelebi’s travels in Palestine. The Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities in Palestine 6: 84–97.
  • Stern, E., Shapiro, A., Adams, M. J., Tepper, Y., Marom, N. and Ktalav, I. In press. Domestic waste as a window into Crusader-period Le Lyon (Kibbutz Megiddo/Lajjun, Israel): insights from a household midden and its ceramic assemblage. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research.
  • Taşkın, Ü. 2010. Safad in the Ottoman Administration (1516–1600). PhD. Fırat University.
  • Tarabya, Kh. M. 1976. Al Tarabya ‘Abra al-Ta’rikh. Jerusalem: Dar al-Aytam al-Islamiyya.
  • Tepper, Y. 2002. Lajjun-Legio in Israel: results of a survey in and around the military camp area. In, Freeman, P., Bennett, J., Fiema, Z. T. and Hoffman, B. (eds), Limes XVIII — Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies held in Amman, Jordan (September 2000): 231–42. BAR International Series 1084. Oxford: BAR.
  • Tepper, Y. 2003a. Survey of the Legio Region. Excavation and Survey in Israel 115: 29*–31* (English-Hebrew 35–37).
  • Tepper, Y. 2003b. Survey of the Legio Area Near Megiddo — Historical Geographical Research. MA. University of Tel Aviv (Hebrew with English Abstract).
  • Tepper, Y. 2004. Roman road at ‘Iron Passage’ — remains of the road from Caesarea to the VI Legion Roman Camp at Legio. In. Bar-Gal, Y., Kliot, N. and Peled, A. (eds), Eretz Israel Studies — Aviel Ron Book: 47–82. Haifa: Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa. (Hebrew).
  • Tepper Y. 2007. The Roman Legionary Camp at Legio, Israel: results of an archaeological survey and observations on the Roman military presence at the site. In, Lewin, A. S. and Pellegrini, P. (eds), The Late Roman Army in the Near East from Diocletian to the Arab Conquest: 57–71. BAR International Series 1717. Oxford: BAR.
  • Tepper, Y. 2011. ‘19 Mill from … ’ Roman road from Legio to Caesarea through Ramat Menashe. In, Ayalon, E. and Izdarechaet, A. (eds), Caesarea Treasures, I: 257–75. Jerusalem: Keter (Hebrew).
  • Tepper, Y. 2012. Legio, Nahal Qeni survey. Final report. Excavation and Survey in Israel. 124. (English-Hebrew, 16.4.2012). http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/Report_Detail_Eng.aspx?id=1984&mag_id=119
  • Tepper, Y. 2013. Megiddo (Kibbutz). Preliminary report. Excavation and Survey in Israel. 125. (English-Hebrew, 5.11.2013). http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/Report_Detail_Eng.aspx?id=4357&mag_id=120
  • Tepper, Y. 2022. Megiddo, and they call it Lajjun — memory and oblivion in toponymy and archaeological finds in the region of Legio/Kefar ‘Othnay. In, Stiebel, D. G., Ben-Ami, D., Gorzalczany, A., Tepper, Y. and Koch, I. (eds), Memory. In Centro, Collected Papers, Vol. II: 33–69. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University. (Hebrew with English abstract).
  • Tepper, Y. Forthcoming. The al-Lajjun mills.
  • Tepper, Y., Adams, M. J. and Ernenwein, E. In press. The Principia of the VIth Legion at Legio. ‘Atiqot.
  • Tepper, Y. and Di Segni, L. 2006. A Christian Prayer Hall of the Third Century CE at Kefar ‘Othnay (Legio): Excavations at the Megiddo Prison 2005. Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority.
  • Tepper, Y., David, J. and Adams, M. J. 2016. The Roman VIth Legion Ferrata at Legio (el-Lajjun), Israel: preliminary report of the 2013 excavation. STRATA: Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society 34: 91–123.
  • Thomson, W. M. 1859. The Land and the Book: Or Biblical Illustrations Drawn from the Manners and Customs, the Scenes and Scenery of the Holy Land. New York: Harper.
  • Tsafrir, Y., Di Segni, L. and Green, J. 1994. Tabula Imperii Romani — Iudaea — Palaestina. Eretz Israel in the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Periods, Maps and Gazetteer. Jerusalem.
  • Ussishkin, D. 2015. Megiddo-Armageddon. The Story of the Canaanite and Israelite City. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society.
  • Al-‘Uthmani, M. 2008. Ta’rikh Safad (original text). In, Zakkar, S. (ed.), Ta’rikh Safad: Ma‘a Malahiq ‘Arabiyya wa-Latiniyya Mutarjama Tunshar Lil-Marra al-Ula: 113–241. Damascus: al-Takwin.
  • Van de Velde, C. W. M. 1854. Narrative of a Journey through Syria and Palestine in 1851 and 1852. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood.
  • Wilson, C. W. 1882. Picturesque Palestine, Sinai, and Egypt. London: J. S. Virtue.
  • Ya‘ari, A. 1943. Igrot Eretz Israel. Tel Aviv: Gazit.
  • Yaqut, Sh. D. 1977. Mu‘jam al-Buldan: li-l-Shaykh al-Imam Shihab al-Din Abi Abdillah Yaqut b. Abdillah al-Hamawi al-Rumi al-Baghdadi. Beirut: Sader.
  • Yazbak, M. 2013. The politics of trade and power: Dahir al-Umar and the making of early modern Palestine. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56(4–5): 696–736.
  • Zakkar, S. 2008. Ta’rikh Safad: Ma‘a Malahiq ‘Arabiyya wa-Latiniyya Mutarjama Tunshar li-l-Marra al-Ula. Damascus: al-Takwin.
  • Ze’evi, D. 1996. An Ottoman Century: The District of Jerusalem in the 1600s. Albany NY: SUNY.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.