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Original Articles

Anglo-Saxon Burials and Later Features Excavated at Orsett, Essex, 1975

Pages 1-24 | Published online: 18 May 2016

NOTES

  • Archaeology Section, Planning Department, Essex County Council, County Hall, Chelmsford, Essex.
  • J. K. St Joseph, ‘Air Reconnaissance: Recent Results 31’, Antiquity, 47 (1973), 236–37.
  • M. U. Jones and J. Catton, ‘Cropmarks recorded in 1970’, Panorama (Journal of the Thurrock Local History Society), 14 (1970, 38–42.
  • J. D. Hedges and D. G. Buckley, ‘Excavations at a Neolithic Causewayed Enclosure, Orsett, Essex, 1975’, Proc. Prehist. Soc., 44 (1978), 219–308.
  • Where further information on a particular aspect of the site can be found in the report of the prehistoric evidence this will be referred to as (PPS 1978).
  • The topography and geology are reported more fully in Hedges and Buckley, op. cit. in note 4, 221 with fig. 2, and Appendix IV, 296–99 with fig. 46.
  • St Joseph, op. cit. in note 2, 236–37.
  • Hedges and Buckley, op. cit. in note 4, 253–55.
  • St Joseph, op. cit. in note 2, 236–37.
  • M. U. Jones and W. T. Jones, ‘The Cropmark Sites at Mucking, Essex’, 133–87 in R. L. S. Bruce-Mitford (ed.), Recent Archaelogical Excavations in Europe (London, 1975).
  • T.J. Wilkinson, ‘Archaeology and Environment in South Essex: Rescue Archaeology along the Grays Bypass’, in prep.
  • F. Henry, ‘Hanging Bowls’, J. Royal Soc. Antiq. Ireland, LXVI, Pt. ii (1936), pls. XXXI 2, XXXII 3, XXX 3.
  • Ibid., pls. XXXIV 4, XXVII 4, 5, and XXX 3; C. Peers and C.A.R. Radford, ‘The Saxon Monastery of Whitby’, Archaeologia, 89 (1943), fig. 10, nos. 15 and 18.
  • Henry, op. cit. in note 12; D. Longley, The Anglo-Saxon Connection (Oxford, Brit. Archaeol. Reps. Brit. Ser. 22, 1975), fig. 10f.
  • R. B. K. Stevenson, ‘The Earlier Metalwork of Pictland’, 246–51 in J. V. S. Megaw (ed.), To Illustrate the Monuments (London, 1976), at 250–51.
  • T. C. Lethbridge, A cemetery at Shudy Camps, Cambridgeshire. Report on the excavation of a cemetery of the Christian Anglo-Saxon period in 1933 (Cambridge, Cambridge Antiq. Soc. Quarto Pubs. N.S. No. V, 1936), at 12–13; A. L. Meaney, Anglo-Saxon amulets and curing stones (Oxford, Brit. Archaeol. Reps. Brit. Ser. 96, 1981) at 32.
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, passim; V. I. Evison, ‘The Dover ring-sword and other sword rings and beads’, Archaeologia, 101 (1967), 63–118.
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, 96–98, 128–29.
  • Lethbridge, op. cit. in note 16, 27–29.
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, fig. 1q.
  • Unpublished.
  • P. D. C. Brown, ‘The iron work’, 86–117 in A. C. Brodribb et al., Excavations at Shakenoak Farm, part III, Site F (Oxford, 1972) at 109.
  • V. I. Evison, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery’, 38–46 in B. N. Eagles and V. I. Evison, ‘Excavations at Harrold, Bedfordshire, 1951–53’, Bedfordshire Archaeol. J., 5 (1970), at 40, fig. 13k.
  • P.J. Tester, ‘An Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Orpington’, Archaeol. Cantiana, LXXIII (1968), 125–50 at 134, fig. 4; Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, 175–78.
  • H. R. E. Davidson and L. Webster, ‘The Anglo-Saxon burial at Coombe, Kent’, Medieval Archaeol., XI (1967), 1–41, fig. 3; Evison, op. cit. in note 17, figs. 4d, 7a, 8a, 9b.
  • W.J. Andrew and R. A. Smith, ‘The Winchester Anglo-Saxon Bowl’, Antiq. J., XI (1931), 1–13.
  • V. I. Evison, ‘The Saxon objects’, 226–30 in J. G. Hurst, ‘The Kitchen Area of Northolt Manor, Middlesex’, Medieval Archaeol., V (1961), 211–99.
  • J. W. G. Musty, ‘The Excavation of two barrows, one of Saxon date, at Ford, Laverstock, Near Salisbury, Wiltshire’, Antiq. J., XLIX (1969), 98–117, at 106–07 and 114–16.
  • Lethbridge, op. cit. in note 16, 13–16.
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, 149–58.
  • Ibid., 155–57, 249.
  • Brown, op. cit. in note 22, 109.
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 16, 249–50 and passim.
  • Ibid., fig. 1 q.
  • Ibid., fig. 1 m.
  • For comparison see P. L. Drewett, ‘Excavations at Hadleigh Castle, Essex, 1971–72’, J. Brit. Archaeol. Assoc., 3rd ser., XXXVIII (1975), 90–154, e.g. nos. 88–94.
  • J. P. Wild, Vindolanda III, The Textiles (London, 1977), nos. 28–49, 51, pp 29–30.
  • E. Crowfoot and J. Jones, ‘The textiles’, 17–28 in C. Hills, K. Penn and R. Rickett, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Spong Hill, North Elmham’, Part III, E. Anglian Archaeol., 21 (1984), 17, fig. 7.3.
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘The textiles’, 409–79 in R. Bruce-Mitford, The Sutton Hoo Ship-Burial, 3 (London, 1983), nos. SH1, 2, 9 and Appendix 4A, B1, 2.
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘The Textiles’, 37–39 in Davidson and Webster, op. cit. in note 25, fig. 7.
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘Textiles’, 50–53 in Tester, op. cit. in note 24, 51.
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘The Textile Remains’, 29–32 in C. Hills and P. Wade-Martins, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at the Paddocks, Swaffham’, E. Anglian Archaeol., 2 (1976), fig. 12 a, b.
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘The Textiles’, 98–106 in B. Green and A. Rogerson, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Bergh Apton’, E. Anglian Archaeol., 7 (1978), 104–05, fig. 110.1
  • E. Crowfoot, ‘The Textiles’, in A. H. M. Cook, ‘The Anglo-Saxon Cemetery at Fonaby, Lincolnshire’, Occ. Papers in Lincolnshire Hist. Archaeol., 6 (1981) at 98, fig. 31 a, b.
  • M. Hald, Olddanske Tekstiler (Copenhagen, 1950), at 87, 89, figs. 68, 69, 73, 74, 76.
  • H.-J. Hundt, ‘Vorgeschichtliche Gewebe aus dem Hallstatter Salzberg’, Jahrbuch D. Röm. Germ. Zentralmuseums, Mainz, 6 (1959), 71 ff.
  • H.-J. Hundt, ‘Die Textilfunde’, 7–20 in P. Paulsen, ‘Alamannische Adelsgräber von Niederstotzingen (Kreis Heidenheim)’, Veröffentlichungen des Staatl. Amtes F. Denkmalpflege Stuttgart, 12/11 (1967), Abb. 3.
  • H.-J. Hundt, ‘Die Textilfunde’ in R. Koch, ‘Katalog Esslingen, Teil II. Merowingischen Funde, 1969’, Veröffentlichungen d. Staatl. Amtes. F. Denkmalpfflege Stuttgart (1969), Abb. 1.
  • H.-J. Hundt, ‘Die Textilreste aus dem Reihengräberfriedhof von Donzdorf, Vorsehungen und Berichte zur Vor-und Frühgeschichte, in Baden-Württenberg, 2 (1972), Graves 2, 36, 66, 75, 78.
  • H.-J. Hundt, ‘Die ersten Textilreste aus den Gräbern von Altenerding’, 54 Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission 1973 (1973), Graves 110, 383, 393.
  • Hundt, op. cit. in note 49, 104; M. Hoffmann and H. B. Burnham, ‘Prehistory of Textiles in the Old World’, Viking (1973) at 69.
  • A. C. Hogarth, ‘Structural Features in Anglo-Saxon Graves’, Archaeol. J., 103 (1973), 104–19.
  • C. Hills, ‘Chamber grave from Spong Hill, North Elmham, Norfolk’, Medieval Archaeol., 21 (1977), 167–76, at 171.
  • Musty, op. cit. in note 28, 112.
  • P. H. Reaney, The Place Names of Essex (Cambridge, 1935), 1964.
  • W. T. Jones, ‘Early Saxon cemeteries in Essex’, 87–95 in D. G. Buckley (ed.), Archaeology in Essex to AD1500 (Counc. Brit. Archaeol. Res. Rep. 34, 1980); J. D. Hedges (ed.), ‘The Barrows of East Anglia’, E. Anglian Archaeol., 12 (1981).
  • Wilkinson, op. cit. in note 11.
  • Jones and Jones, op. cit. in note 10.
  • D. Priddy in Hedges, op. cit. in note 56, 99.
  • D. B. Harden, ‘Glass Vessels in Britain and Ireland AD 400–1000’, 132–67 in D. B. Harden (ed.), Dark-Age Britain (London 1956), at 165.
  • Jones, op. cit. in note 56, 89.
  • Victoria History of the County of Essex, 3 (London, 1963), 150.
  • I. McMaster, ‘Cropmark Sites selected and plotted’, Colchester Archaeol. Gp. Bull., 18 (1975), 15–23.
  • Hills, op. cit. in note 53, 171.
  • C. H. Read, ‘A Saxon Grave at Broomfield, Essex’, Proc. Soc. Antiq., 15 (1894), 250–55; see also for the same article Trans. Essex Archaeol. Soc., 5 N.S. (1895), 237–42.
  • M. A. Christy and W. H. Dalton, ‘On two large groups of marsh mounds on the Essex Coast’, Trans. Essex Archaeol. Soc., N.S., XVIII (1928), 27–56.
  • Musty, op. cit. in note 28.
  • A. L. Meaney, Gazetteer of early Anglo-Saxon burial sites (London, 1964), 18–19; S.C. Hawkes, ‘Finglesham: a cemetery in East Kent’, 24–25 in J. Campbell (ed.), The Anglo-Saxons (Oxford, 1982).
  • J. F. Shephard, ‘The social identity of the individual in isolated barrows and barrow cemeteries in Anglo-Saxon England’, 47–80 in C. Burnham and J. Kingsbury (eds.), Space., Hierarchy and Society: Interdisciplinary Studies in Social Area Analysis (Oxford, Brit. Archaeol. Reps. Int. Ser. 59, 1979).
  • Meaney, op. cit. in note 68, 19.
  • J. F. Shephard, ‘Anglo-Saxon Barrows of the later 6th and 7th Centuries AD’, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, submitted to the University of Cambridge, 1979.
  • Hills, op. cit. in note 53.
  • Shephard, op. cit. in notes 69 and 71.
  • Hedges, op. cit. in note 56.
  • R. R. Clarke and J. N. L. Myres, ‘Norfolk in the Dark Ages’, Norfolk Archaeol., XXVII (1939–40), 163–249.
  • Hills, op. cit. in note 53; C. Hills, ‘The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Spong Hill, North Elmham, Part 1’, E. Anglian Archaeol., 6 (1977).
  • A.J. Lawson in Hedges, op. cit. in note 56, 41 and A.J. Lawson, pers. comm.
  • Hills, op. cit. in note 53.
  • B.J. Philp, ‘The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Polhill, Dunton Green, Kent’, 164–214 in B.J. Philp, Excavations in West Kent 1960–70 (London, 1973), 168 with refs.
  • Hogarth, op. cit. in note 52.
  • O. Bedwin, ‘Excavations inside Harting Beacon hill-fort, West Sussex, 1976’, Sussex Archaeol. Coll., 116 (1978), 225–40; O. Bedwin, ‘Excavations at Harting Beacon, West Sussex: Second Season 1977’, ibid., 117 (1979), 21–35 at p. 31: HAR 2207, a.d. 800 ± 70; and pers. comm.
  • Jones, op. cit. in note 56, 88.

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