Publication Cover
Nationalities Papers
The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity
Volume 31, 2003 - Issue 1
84
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Romani Migrations and EU Enlargement: Reply to Critics and some Epistemological Considerations for Policy-making

Pages 47-61 | Published online: 19 Aug 2010

References

  • Braham , Mark and Braham , Matthew . 2000 . "Romani Migrations and EU Enlargement," . Cambridge Review of International Affairs , 13 ( 2 ) : 97 – 116 .
  • Council of Europe . 1999 . Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities , Strasbourg : Council of Europe Publishing . Copenhagen Criteria of the 1993 Copenhagen European Council;
  • Braham and Braham . "Romani Migrations and EU Enlargement," ” . 99 for a Czech example of the use of this strategy.
  • Kovats , Martin . 2000 . "Romani Migrations: Strangers in Anybody's Land: Academic Introduction," . Cambridge Review of International Affairs , 13 ( 2 ) : 16
  • Trehan , Nidhi . 2000 . "Romani Migrations: Addressing Continuing Debates," . Cambridge Review of International Affairs , 13 ( 2 ) : 117
  • Boulding , Kenneth E. 1962 . Conflict and Defense , New York : Harper Torchbooks . For an analytically rigorous treatment of this problem see
  • Wright , Erik Ohlin . 2000 . Class Counts , 206 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Kovats . "Romani Migrations," ” . 16
  • Trehan , Nidhi . "Romani Migrations," ” . 117
  • Frank , Robert H. , ed. 1997 . Microeconomics and Behavior, , 3rd edn , New York : McGraw-Hill . Note that "rationality" is being used here in a very specific sense of instrumental choice that is utility maximising by being "complete," "transitive" and "consistent." Readers unfamiliar with "rational choice" should refer to any basic text on microeconomics, e.g.
  • Fraser , Sir Angus . 2000 . 'The Present and Future of the Gypsy Past," . Cambridge Review of International Affairs , 13 ( 2 ) : 17 – 31 . For a detailed discussion of the debate over Romani origins, see
  • Mirga , Andrzej and Gheorghe , Nicolae . 1997 . The Roma in the Twenty-First Century: A Policy Paper , Princeton : Project on Ethnic Relations .
  • Braham , Mark and Braham , Matthew . "Romani Migrations and EU Enlargement," ” . 101
  • Braham , Mark . 1993 . The Untouchables: A Survey of the Roma People of Central and Eastern Europe , Geneva : UNHCR .
  • European Roma Rights Centre . 2000 . Roma Rights , http://errc.org
  • Rawls , John . 1971 . A Theory of Justice , Oxford : Oxford University Press . Note the term "generic instruments." These are, abstractly speaking, "social contracts" and in so being must have a high degree of generality if they are to achieve consensus. They therefore by definition exclude the particulars of one culture or another, although they are based on certain presumptions about cultures. Generic instruments are an expression of agreed principles from which policy programmes can be derived. See, for example,
  • Harsanyi , John C. 1955 . "Cardinal Welfare, Individualistic Ethics, and Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility," . Journal of Political Economy , 63 : 309 – 321 . A similar idea is expressed by
  • Harsanyi , John C. 1976 . Essays on Ethics, Social Behavior, and Scientific Explanation , 6 – 23 . Dordrecht : D. Reidel .
  • Dasgupta , Partha . 2000 . "Valuing Objects and Evaluating Policies in Imperfect Economies," . Economic Journal , May : c1 – c29 . If one could conceive Romani populations to be economic systems, then we would, following Dasgupta, classify them as an "imperfect economies," which he calls a polite term for today's poor countries. These economies are, according to Dasgupta, imperfect in that their institutions and cultural modes are largely dysfunctional because they produce a significantly lower level of social welfare in comparison with the modern capitalist economies of the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries. See
  • Young , H. Peyton . 1994 . Equity in Theory and Practice , Princeton : Princeton University Press . To avoid any misunderstanding, we are not denigrating people as mere economic agents. What we are saying here is an expression of the ethical principles of impartiality and equality that underpin human rights. In slightly more formal terms, we are implying that a society is fair and just if its institutions do not discriminate against the members of the society except insofar as they differ in type. If a society adheres to the fundamental principles of human rights, "type" is only ability and not race, religion, or creed. See, for example,
  • Harsanyi , John C. 1969 . "Rational-Choice Models of Political Behavior vs. Functionalist and Conformist Theories," . World Politics , 21 : 513 – 538 .
  • Harsanyi . Essays on Ethics 142
  • Harsanyi . "Rational Choice Models," ” . 142

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.