Current Technologies for Biomass Conversion into Chemicals and Fuels

References

• Agarwal , A. K. and Agarwal , G. D. 1999 . Recent technologies for the conversion of biomass into energy, fuels, and useful chemicals . TERI Infor. Monitor Environ. Sci. , 4 : 1 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Beaumont , O. 1985 . Flash pyrolysis products from beech wood . Wood Fiber Sci. , 17 : 228 – 239 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridgwater , A. V. , Meier , D. and Radlein , D. 1999 . An overview of fast pyrolysis of biomass . Organic Geochem , 30 : 1479 – 1493 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , H. P. , Panshin , A. J. and Forsaith , C. C. 1952 . Textbook of Wood Technology , vol. II , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Chmielniak , T. and Sciazko , M. 2003 . Co-gasification of biomass and coal for methanol synthesis . Applied Energy , 74 : 393 – 403 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czernik , S. 1995 . The production of liquid fuel by fast pyrolysis of biomass . Transaction of the ASME: J. Solar Energy Eng , 117 : 2 – 6 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbas , A. 2000 . Biomass resources for energy and chemical industry . Energy Edu. Sci. Technol. , 5 : 21 – 45 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Demirbas , A. 2002 . Analysis of liquid products from biomass via flash pyrolysis . Energy Sources , 24 : 337 – 345 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbas , A. and Gullu , D. 1998 . Acetic acid, methanol and acetone from lignocellulosics by pyrolysis . Energy Edu. Sci. Technol. , 1 : 111 – 115 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Desrosiers , R. E. and Lin , R. J. 1984 . A moving-boundary model of biomass pyrolysis . Solar Energy , 33 : 187 – 196 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliot , D. C. , Beckman , D. , Bridgewater , A. V. , Diebold , J. P. , Gevert , S. B. and Solantausta , Y. 1991 . Developments in direct thermochemical liquefaction of biomass: 1983–1990 . Energy Fuels , 5 : 399 – 410 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Font , R. , Cabellero , J. A. , Esperanza , M. M. and Fullana , A. 1999 . Pyrolytic products from tannery wastes . J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis , 49 : 243 – 256 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frederick , W. J. , Hupa , M. and Uussikartano , T. 1994 . Volatiles and char carbon yields during black liquor pyrolysis . Biores. Technol. , 48 : 59 – 64 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg , H. P. and Datta , G. 19–20 May 1998 . Global status on renewable energy. Solar energy heating and cooling methods in buildings , 19–20 May , Tehran : International Workshop: Iran University of Science and Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Gullu , D. 2003 . Effect of catalyst on yield of liquid products from biomass via pyrolysis . Energy Sources , 25 : 753 – 765 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gullu , D. and Demirbas , A. 2001 . Biomass to methanol via pyrolysis process . Energy Convers. Mgmt. , 42 : 1349 – 1356 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustavsson , L. , Börjesson , P. , Johanssou , B. and Svenningssou , P. 1995 . Reducing CO2 emissions by substituting biomass for fossil fuels . Energy , 20 : 1097 – 1113 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harms , H. Wood, a versatile chemical material . European Conference on Renewable Raw . Materials, Gmunden.
   Google Scholar
• Hofmann , L. and Antal , M. J. Jr . 1984 . Numerical simulations of the performance of solar fired flash pyrolysis reactors . Solar Energy , 33 : 427 – 440 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwasa , N. , Kudo , S. , Takahashi , H. , Masuda , S. and Takezawa , N. 1993 . Highly selective supported Pd catalysts for steam reforming of methanol . Catal. Lett. , 19 : 211 – 216 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maschio , G. , Koufopanos , C. and Lucchesi , A. 1992 . Pyrolysis, a promising route for biomass utilization . Bioresource Technol , 42 : 219 – 231 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odden , W. and Barth , T. 2000 . A study of the composition of light hydrocarbons (C5-C13) from pyrolysids of source rock samples . Organic Geochem , 31 : 211 – 229 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raveendran , K. and Ganesh , A. 1996 . Heating value of biomass and biomass pyrolysis products . Fuel , 75 : 1715 – 1720 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowell , R. M. and Hokanson , A. E. 1979 . “ Methanol from wood: a critical assessment ” . In Progress in Biomass Conversion , Edited by: Sarkanen , K. V. and Tillman , D. A. Vol. 1 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rydholm , S. A. 1965 . Pulping Processes , New York : Interscience Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Takezawa , N. , Shimokawabe , M. , Hiramatsu , H. , Sugiura , H. , Asakawa , T. and Kobayashi , H. 1987 . Steam reforming of methanol over Cu/ZrO2. Role of ZrO2 support . React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. , 33 : 191 – 196 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Smouse , S. M. , Staats , G. E. , Rao , S. N. , Goldman , R. and Hess , D. 1998 . Promotion of biomass cogeneration with power expert in the Indian sugar industry . Fuel Proces. Technol. , 54 : 227 – 247 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solantausta , Y. , Nylund , N. O. , Westerholm , M. , Koljenen , T. and Oasmaa , A. 1993 . Wood-pyrolysis oil as fuel in diesel-power plant . Bioresource Technol. , 46 : 177 – 188 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorensen , H. A. 1983 . Energy Conversion Systems , New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar