Recent Studies on Activated Carbons and Fly Ashes from Turkish Resources

References

• Aggarwal , D. , Goyal , M. and Bansal , R. C. 1999 . Adsorption of chromium by activated carbon from aqueous solution . Carbon , 37 : 1989 – 1997 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apak , R. , Tutean , E. , Hugul , M. and Hizal , J. 1998 . Heavy metal cation retention by conventional sorbents. Red muds and fly ashes . Water Res. , 32 : 430 – 440 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arni , S. 2004 . An experimental investigation for gaseous products from sugarcane by fast pyrolysis . Energy Edu. Sci. Technol. , 13 : 89 – 96 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Artok , L. , Schobert , H. H. and Erbatur , O. 1994 . Temperature-staged liquefaction of selected Turkish coals . Fuel Proc. Technol. , 37 : 211 – 236 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azab , M. S. and Peterson , P. J. 1989 . The removal of cadmium from water by use of biological sorbents . Water Sci. Technol. , 21 : 1705 – 1706 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balasubramanian , M. R. and Muralisankar , I. 1987 . Tea dust leaves have been tried as decolorizing agent in the treatment of dye effluents . Indian J. Technol. , 29 : 471 – 474 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Bareket , G. , Aroguz , A. Z. and Ozel , M. Z. 1997 . Removal of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption on bentonite . J. Colloid Interface Sci. , 187 : 338 – 343 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayat , O. 1998 . Characterization of Turkish fly ashes . Fuel , 77 : 1059 – 1066 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayat , B. 2002 . Comparative study of adsorption properties of Turkish fly ashes. I. The case of nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II) . J. Hazard. Materials , B95 : 251 – 273 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campanella , L. , Cardarelli , E. , Ferri , T. and Petronio , B. M. 1986 . Mercury removal from petrochemical wastes . Water Res. , 20 : 63 – 65 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celik , A. and Demirbaş , A. 2004 . “ Removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions via adsorption onto modified lignin from pulping wastes ” . In Energy Sources (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Chaney , R. L. and Hundemann , R. T. 1979 . Use of peat moss columns to remove cadmium from wastewaters . J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. , 21 : 105 – 114 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Chen , J. P. and Lin , M. S. 2001 . Equilibrium and kinetic of metal ion adsorption onto a commercial h-type granular activated carbon: Experimental and modeling studies . Water Res. , 35 : 2385 – 2394 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , J. P. and Wang , L. 2004 . Characterization of metal adsorption kinetic properties in batch and fixed-bed reactors . Chemosphere , 54 : 397 – 404 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corapcioglu , M. O. and Huang , C. P. 1987 . The adsorption of heavy metals onto hydrous activated carbon . Water Res. , 21 : 1031 – 1044 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coupal , B. and Lalancette , J. M. 1976 . The treatment of wastewater with peat moss . Water Res. , 10 : 1071 – 1076 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dastgheib , S. A. and Rockstraw , D. A. 2001 . Pecan shell activated carbon: Synthesis, characterization, and application for the removal of copper from aqueous solution . Carbon , 39 : 1849 – 1855 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , G. M. , Seayon , N. A. and Vassiliadis , V. S. 1999 . Calculation of pore size distributions of activated carbons from adsorption isotherms . Langmuir , 15 : 8235 – 8245 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Deshkar , A. M. , Bokade , S. S. and Dara , S. S. 1990 . Modified hardwickia binata bark for adsorption of Hg (II) from water . Water Res. , 24 : 1011 – 1016 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbaş , A. 2004 . Adsorption of (lead and cadmium) toxic metal ions in aqueous solutions onto lignin from alkali glycerol delignication . J. Hazard. Materials , (in press)[CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Demirbaş , E. , Kobya , M. , Oncel , S. and Sencan , S. 2002 . Removal of Ni(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto hazelnut shell activated carbon: Equilibrium studies . Biores. Technol. , 84 : 291 – 293 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbaş , A. 1999 . Fuel Properties of charcoal derived from hazelnut shell and the production of briquets using pyrolytic oil . Energy , 24 : 141 – 150 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demirbaş , A. and Kucuk , M. M. 1994 . Kinetic study on the pyrolysis of hazelnut shell . Cellulose Chem. Technol. , 28 : 85 – 94 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekinci , E. , Budinova , T. , Yardim , F. , Petrov , N. , Razvigorova , M. and Minkova , V. 2002 . Removal of mercury ion from aqueous solution by activated carbons obtained from biomass and coals . Fuel Proces. Technol. , 77–78 : 437 – 443 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Hendawy , A -N. A. , Samra , S. E. and Girgis , B. S. 2001 . Adsorption characteristics of activated carbons obtained from corncobs . Colloids Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects , 180 : 209 – 221 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Sheikh , A. H. , Newman , A. P. , Al-Daffaee , H. K. , Phull , S. and Cresswell , N. 2004 . Characterization of activated carbon prepared from a single cultivar of Jordanian Olive stones by chemical and physicochemical techniques . J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis , 71 : 151 – 164 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrah , H. and Pickering , W. F. 1978 . The sorption of mercury species by clay minerals . Water Air Soil Pollut. , 9 : 23 [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferro-Gracia , M. A. , Utrilla , R. J. and Toledo , B. I. 1988 . Adsorption of zinc, cadmium and copper on activated carbons obtained from agricultural by-products . Carbon , 26 : 263 – 273 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Filho , N. L. D. , Gushiken , Y. , Polito , W. L. and Moreiza , J. C. 1995a . Sorption and preconcentrations of metalions in ethanol solutions with silica gel modified with benzinmidazole . Talanta , 42 : 1630 – 1663 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filho , N. L. D. , Pilito , W. L. and Gushikem , Y. 1995b . Sorption and preconcentration of some heavy metals by 2-mercaptobenzothiazol-clay . Talanta , 42 : 1031 – 1036 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fung , D. Y. C. and Miller , R. D. 1993 . Effect of dyes on bacterial growth . Appl. Microbiol. , 25 : 739 – 799 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Guo , J. and Lua , A. C. 2002 . Characterization of adsorbent prepared from oil-palm shell by CO2 activation for removal of gaseous pollutants . Materials Letters , 55 : 334 – 339 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi , J. , Horikawa , T. , Muroyama , K. and Gomes , V. G. 2002 . Activated carbon from chickpea husk by chemical activation with K2CO3: Preparation and characterization . Microporous and Mesoporous Materials , 55 : 63 – 68 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heschel , W. and Klose , E. 1995 . On the suitability of agricultural by-products for the manufacture of granular activated carbon . Fuel , 74 : 1786 – 1791 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayson , G. G. , Sangster , J. A. , Thompson , G. and Wilkinson , M. C. 1984 . Adsorption and electro sorption of Hg (II) acetate onto activated charcoal cloth from aqueous solution . Carbon , 25 : 523 – 531 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Johonson , B. B. 1990 . Effect of pH, temperature and concentration on the adsorption of cadmium on goethite . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 24 : 112 – 118 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadirvelu , K. , Thamaraiselvi , K. and Namasivayam , C. 2001 . Adsorption of Nickel(II) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from coir pith . Sep. Purif. Technol. , 24 : 497 – 505 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadirvelu , K. , Senthilkumar , P. , Thamaraiselvi , K. and Subburam , V. 2002 . Activated carbon prepared from biomass as adsorbent: Elimination of Ni(II) from aqueous solution . Bioresour. Technol. , 81 : 87 – 90 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadirvelu , K. and Namasivayam , C. 2003 . Activated carbon from coconut coirpith as metal adsorbent: Adsorption of Cd(II) from aqueous solution . Advances in Environmental Research , 7 : 471 – 478 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kaneko , K. 1988 . Dynamic Hg (II) adsorption characterization of iron oxide—dispersed activated carbon fibers . Carbon , 26 : 903 [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kapoor , A. and Viraraghavan , T. 1993 . Adsorption of mercury from wastewater by fly ash . Adsorp. Sci. Technol. , 9 : 130 – 147 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kara , H. and Ceylan , R. 1988 . Removal of sulfur from four Central Anatolian lignites by NaOH . Fuel , 67 : 170 – 172 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kara , H. and Mirzaoglu , R. 1998 . Solvent fractionation of humic acids from Central Anatolian lignites . Energy Edu. Sci. Technol. , 1 : 93 – 101 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Karthikeyan , J. and Chaudhuri , M. 1986 . Enhancement of mercury (II) Sorption from water by coal through chemical pretreatment . Water Res. , 20 : 449 – 452 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawamura , Y. , Yoshida , H. , Asai , S. and Tanibe , H. 1998 . Elution of Hg (II) adsorbed on highly porous polyaminated chitosan beads . J. Chem. Eng. Japan , 31 : 115 – 118 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Kim , J. W. , Sohn , M. H. , Kim , D. S. , Sohn , S. M. and Kwon , Y. S. 2001 . Production of granular activated carbon from waste walnut shell and its adsorption characteristics for Cu2+ ion . J. Hazard. Materials , 85 : 301 – 315 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knocke , W. R. and Hemphill , L. H. 1981 . Mercury sorption by waste rubber . Water Res. , 15 : 275 – 282 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korshin , G. V. , Frenkel , A. I. and Stern , E. A. 1998 . EXAFS study of inner-shell structure in copper(II) Complexes with humic substances . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 32 : 2699 – 2705 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez , E. , Soto , B. , Arias , M. , Nunez , A. , Rubinos , A. and Barnal , M. 1998 . Adsorption properties of red mud and its use for wastewater treatment . Water Res. , 32 : 1314 – 1322 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez-Delgado , A. , Perez , C. and Lopez , F. A. 1998 . Sorption of heavy metals on blast furnace sludge . Water Res. , 32 : 989 – 996 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Low , K. S. and Lee , C. K. 1991 . Cadmium uptake by the moss Claymepers delsrtii . Bioresour. Technol. , 38 : 1 – 6 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall , W. E. and Johns , M. M. 1996 . Agricultural by-product as metal adsorbents: Sorption properties and resistance to mechanical abrasion . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 66 : 192 – 198 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay , G. , Geundi , M. E. and Nassar , M. M. 1987 . Equilibrium studies during the removal of dyestuffs from aqueous solutions using biogases pith . Water Res. , 21 : 1513 – 1520 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mckay , G. and Porter , J. F. 1997 . Equilibrium parameters for the sorption of copper, cadmium and zinc ions onto peat . J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. , 69 : 309 – 320 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng , X. , Hua , Z. , Dermatas , D. , Wang , W. and Kuo , H. Y. 1998 . Immobilization of mercury (II) in contaminated soil with used tire rubber . J. Hazard. Material , 57 : 231 – 241 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohan , D. , Gupta , V. K. , Srivastava , S. K. and Chander , S. 2000 . Kinetics of mercury adsorption from wastewater using activated carbon derived from fertilizer waste . Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects , 177 : 169 – 181 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morita , M. , Higuchi , M. and Sakata , I. 1987 . Binding of heavy metal ions by chemically modified woods . J. Applied Polymer Sci. , 34 : 1013 – 1023 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muzzarelli , R. A. A. and Rocchetti , R. 1986 . “ Metal adsorption by modified chitins ” . In Trace metal removal from aqueous solution , Edited by: Thompson , R. 44 – 57 . London : The Royal Society of Chemistry .
   Google Scholar
• Namila , D. and Mungoor , A. 1993 . Dye adsorption by a new low cost material Congo red-1 . Indian J. Environ. , 13 : 496 – 503 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Namasivayam , C. and Ranganathan , K. 1995 . Removal of Cd(II) from wastewater by adsorption onto waste Fe(III)yCr(III) hydroxide . Water Res. , 29 : 1737 – 1744 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Netzer , A. and Wilkinson , P. 1974 . Removal of heavy metals from wastewater utilizing discarded automotive tyres . Water Pollut. Can. , 9 : 62 – 66 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Omar , S. , Girgis , B. and Taha , F. 2003 . Carbonaceous materials from seed hulls for bleaching of vegetable oils . Food Research Int. , 36 : 11 – 17 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey , M. P. and Choudhuri , M. 1982 . Removal of inorganic mercury from water by bituminous coal . Water Res. , 16 : 1113 [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Periasamy , K. and Namasivayam , C. 1996 . Removal of copper(II) by adsorption onto peanut hull carbon from water and copper plating industry wastewater . Chemosphere , 32 : 769 – 789 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Periasamy , K. and Namasivayam , C. 1994 . Process development for removal and recovery of cadmium from wastewater by a low-cost adsorbent: Adsorption rates and equilibrium studies . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 33 : 317 – 320 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesavento , M. , Profumo , A. , Alberti , G. and Conti , F. 2003 . Adsorption of lead(II) and copper(II) on activated carbon by complexation with surface functional groups . Analytica Chimica Acta , 480 : 171 – 180 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrov , N. , Budinova , T. and Khaveson , I. 1992 . Adsorption of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead ions on oxidized anthracite . Carbon , 30 : 135 – 139 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pollard , S. J. T. , Fowler , G. D. , Sollars , C. J. and Perry , R. 1992 . Low cost adsorbents for waste and wastewater treatment: A review . Sci. Total Environ. , 116 : 31 – 52 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raji , C. and Anirudhan , T. S. 1996 . Removal of Hg (II) from aqueous solution by sorption on polymerized saw dust . Indian J. Chem. Technol. , 3 : 49 – 54 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivera-Utrilla , J. and Sánchez-Polo , M. 2003 . Adsorption of Cr(III) on ozonised activated carbon. Importance of Cπ–cation interactions . Water Res. , 37 : 3335 – 3340 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowley , A. G. , Husband , F. M. and Cunningham , F. M. 1984 . Mechanisms of metal adsorption from aqueous solutions by waste tyre rubber . Water Res. , 18 : 981 – 984 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savova , D. , Apak , E. , Ekinci , E. , Yardim , F. , Petrov , N. , Budinova , T. , Razvigorova , M. and Minkova , V. 2001 . Biomass conversion to carbon adsorbents and gas . Biomass and Bioenergy , 21 : 133 – 142 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma , Y. C. , Prasad , G. and Rupainwar , R. C. 1990 . Adsorptive removal of Cd(II) from effluents . Int. J. Environ. Stud. , 36 : 316 – 320 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Sen , A. K. and De , A. K. 1987 . Adsorption of mercury (II) by cool fly ash . Water Res. , 21 : 885 – 888 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simsek , E. H. and Olcay , A. 1995 . Relation between swelling of lignites and the characteristics of swelling agents . Fuel Sci. Technol. Intl. , 13 : 1265 – 1275 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Singh , D. and Rawat , N. S. 1994 . Bitumonous coal for the treatment of Cd(II)-rich water . Indian J. Chem. Technol. , 1 : 266 – 270 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Srivastava , S. K. , Tyagi , R. and Pant , N. 1989 . Adsorption of heavy metal ions on carbonaceous material developed from the waste slurry generated in local fertilizer plants . Water Res. , 23 : 1161 – 1165 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava , S. K. , Tyagi , R. , Pal , N. and Mohan , D. 1997 . Process development for removal of substituted phenol by carbonaceous adsorbent obtained from the fertilizer waste . J. Environ. Engg. ASCE , 123 : 842 – 851 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan , T. C. , Chia , C. K. and Teo , C. K. 1985 . Uptake of metal ions by chemically treated human hair . Water Res. , 19 : 157 – 162 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tewari , D. P. , Singh , D. K. and Saksena , D. N. 1995 . Hg (II) adsorption from aqueous solutions using rice-husk ash . J. Environ. Eng. ASCE , 121 : 478 [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Tien , C. 1994 . Adsorption calculations and modeling , Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann .
   Google Scholar
• Vayisoglu , E. S. , Bartle , K. D. , Erbatur , N. G. , Frere , B. , Snape , C. E. and Erbatur , O. 1996 . Chemical composition of SCG extracts obtained from coal and maceral concentrates . Fuel Proc. Technol. , 46 : 99 – 115 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viraraghavan , T. and Kapoor , A. 1995 . Adsorption of mercury from wastewater by peat . J. Environ. Sci. Health , 30A : 553 [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Yalcin , N. and Sevinc , V. 2000 . Studies of the surface area and porosity of activated carbons prepared from rice husks . Carbon , 38 : 1943 – 1945 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalçin , N. and Sevinç , V. 2001 . Studies on silica obtained from rice husk . Ceramics Int. , 27 : 219 – 224 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaman , S. and Kucukbayrak , S. 1996 . Kinetiks of sulfur removal from coal by oxydesulfurization using trona . Fuel Proc. Technol. , 47 : 195 – 201 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , T. and Lua , A. C. 2003 . Characteristics of activated carbons prepared from pistachio-nut shells by potassium hydroxide activation . Microporous and Mesoporous Materials , 63 : 113 – 124 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yardim , M. F. , Budinova , T. , Ekinci , E. , Petrov , N. , Razvigorova , M. and Minkova , V. 2003 . Removal of mercury (II) from aqueous solution by activated carbon obtained from furfural . Chemosphere , 52 : 835 – 841 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yenisoy-Karakas , S. , Aygün , A. , Günes , M. and Tahtasakal , E. 2004 . Physical and chemical characteristics of polymer-based spherical activated carbon and its ability to adsorb organics . Carbon , 42 : 477 – 484 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Yin , Y. , Allen , H. E. , Huang , C. P. , Sparks , D. L. and Sanders , P. F. 1997 . Kinetics of mercury (II) adsorption and desorption on soil . Environ. Sci. Technol. , 31 : 496 – 503 . [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanzi , Z. 2001 . Pyrolysis of biomass , Dissertation Stockholm, , Sweden : Royal Institute of Technology, Department of chemical Engineering and Technology .
   Google Scholar