518
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Paving Consensus: Enacting, Challenging, and Revising the Consensus Process in a Cohousing Community

Pages 163-190 | Published online: 17 Feb 2007

References

  • Adelman , M. B. and Frey , L. R. 1996 . The fragile community: Living together with AIDS , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Barge , J. K. 2002 . “ Enlarging the meaning of group deliberation: From discussion to dialogue ” . In New directions in group communication , Edited by: Frey , L. R. 159 – 177 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Barge , J. K. and Frey , L. R. 1997 . “ Life in a task group ” . In Managing group life: Communicating in decision-making groups , Edited by: Frey , L. R. and Barge , J. K. 29 – 51 . Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
  • Beebe , S. A. and Masterson , J. T. 2006 . Communicating in small groups , 8th ed. , Boston : Allyn and Bacon .
  • Butler , C. T. and Rothstein , A. 1991 . On conflict and consensus , Tacoma Park, MD : Food Not Bombs .
  • Cohousing Association of the United States . (n.d.) . Communities list and FAQ . Retrieved February 5, 2004, from http://www.cohousing.org
  • Collins-Jarvis , L. 1997 . Participation and consensus in collective action organizations: The influence of interpersonal versus mass-mediated channels . Journal of Applied Communication Research , 25 : 1 – 16 .
  • Cooperrider , D. L. , Sorensen , P. F. Jr. , Whitney , D. , & Yaeger , T. F. (Eds.) . (2000) . Appreciative inquiry: Rethinking human organization toward a positive theory of change . Champaign, IL : Stipes .
  • Davis , J. H. , Kameda , T. , Parks , C. , Stasson , M. and Zimmerman , S. 1989 . Some social mechanics of group decision making: The distribution of opinion, polling sequence, and implications for consensus . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 57 : 1000 – 1012 .
  • DeStephen , R. S. 1983 . High and low consensus groups: A content and relational interaction analysis . Small Group Behavior , 14 : 143 – 162 .
  • Engleberg , I. N. and Wynn , D. R. 2003 . Working in groups: Communication principles and strategies , 3rd ed. , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
  • Folger , J. P. and Poole , M. S. 1984 . Working through conflict , Glenview, IL : Scott, Foresman .
  • Frey , L. R. (Ed.) . (1994a) . Group communication in context: Studies of natural groups . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Frey , L. R. 1994b . The naturalistic paradigm: Studying small groups in the postmodern era . Small Group Research , 25 : 551 – 557 .
  • Frey , L. R. 2002 . Group communication in context: Studies in bona fide groups , 2nd ed. , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Gastil , J. 1993a . Democracy in small groups: Participation, decision making, and communication , Gabriola Island, British Columbia, , Canada : New Society .
  • Gastil , J. 1993b . Obstacles to small group democracy . Small Group Research , 24 : 5 – 27 .
  • Gero , A. 1985 . Conflict avoidance in consensual decision processes . Small Group Behavior , 16 : 487 – 499 .
  • Goldsmith , D. 1990 . A dialectical perspective on the expression of autonomy and connection in romantic relationships . Western Journal of Speech Communication , 54 : 537 – 556 .
  • Gouran , D. S. 1969 . Variables related to consensus in group discussions of questions of policy . Speech Monographs , 36 : 387 – 391 .
  • Gouran , D. S. and Geonetta , S. C. 1977 . Patterns of interaction in discussion groups at varying distance from consensus . Small Group Behavior , 8 : 511 – 524 .
  • Gouran , D. S. , & Hirokawa , R. Y. (1996) . Functional theory and communication in decision-making and problem-solving groups: An expanded view . In R. Y. Hirokawa & M. S. Poole (Eds.) , Communication and group decision making (2nd ed., pp. 55 – 80 ). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage .
  • Gouran , D. S. , & Hirokawa , R. Y. (2003) . Effective decision making and problem solving in groups: A functional perspective . In R. Y. Hirokawa, R. S. Cathcart, L. A. Samovar, & L. D. Henman (Eds.) , Small group communication theory and practice: An anthology (8th ed., pp. 27 – 38 ). Los Angeles: Roxbury .
  • Gouran , D. S. , Hirokawa , R. Y. , Julian , K. M. , & Leatham , G. B. (1993) . The evolution and current status of the functional perspective on communication in decision-making and problem-solving groups . In S. A. Deetz (Ed.) , Communication yearbook (Vol. 16, pp. 573 – 600 ). Newbury, CA: Sage .
  • Hare , A. P. 1973 . Group decision by consensus: Reaching unity in the Society of Friends . Sociological Inquiry , 43 : 75 – 84 .
  • Hare , A. P. 1980 . Consensus versus majority vote: A laboratory experiment . Small Group Behavior , 11 : 131 – 143 .
  • Harris , T. E. and Sherblom , J. C. 2005 . Small group and team communication , 3rd ed. , Boston : Allyn and Bacon .
  • Hill , T. A. 1976 . An experimental study of the relationship between opinionated leadership and small group consensus . Communication Monographs , 43 : 246 – 257 .
  • Hirokawa , R. Y. , & Salazar , A. J. (1999) . Task-group communication and decision-making performance . In L. R. Frey (Ed.), D. S. Gouran & M. S. Poole (Assoc. Eds.) , The handbook of group communication theory and research (pp. 167 – 191 ). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Hornsby , J. S. , Smith , B. N. and Gupta , J. N. D. 1994 . The impact of decision-making methodology on job evaluation outcomes: A look at three consensus approaches . Group and Organization Management , 19 : 112 – 128 .
  • Janis , I. 1982 . Groupthink: Psychological studies of policy decisions and fiascoes , 2nd ed. , Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
  • Johnson , S. D. and Long , L. M. 2002 . “Being a part and being apart”: Dialectics and group communication ” . In New directions in group communication , Edited by: Frey , L. R. 25 – 41 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Jones , B. 1994 . A comparison of consensus and voting in public decision making . Negotiation Journal , 10 : 161 – 171 .
  • Jones , T. S. and Bodtker , A. 1998 . A dialectical analysis of a social justice process: International collaboration in South Africa . Journal of Applied Communication Research , 26 : 357 – 373 .
  • Keyton , J. 1999 . Group communication: Process and analysis , Mountain View, CA : Mayfield .
  • Kline , J. A. 1972 . Orientation and group consensus . Central States Speech Journal , 23 : 44 – 47 .
  • Kline , J. A. and Hullinger , J. L. 1973 . Redundancy, self orientation, and group consensus . Speech Monographs , 40 : 72 – 74 .
  • Knutson , T. J. 1972 . An experimental study of the effects of orientation behavior on small group consensus . Speech Monographs , 39 : 159 – 165 .
  • Knutson , T. J. and Holdridge , W. E. 1975 . Orientation behavior, leadership and consensus: A possible functional relationship . Speech Monographs , 42 : 107 – 114 .
  • Lincoln , Y. S. and Guba , E. G. 1985 . Naturalistic inquiry , Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
  • Lonowski , D. 1994 . A return to tradition: Proportional representation in tribal government . American Indian Culture and Research Journal , 18 ( 1 ) : 147 – 163 .
  • Lubell , M. 2000 . Cognitive conflict and consensus building in the national estuary program . American Behavioral Scientist , 44 : 628 – 647 .
  • Mansbridge , J. J. 1980 . Beyond adversary democracy , New York : Basic Books .
  • Marr , T. J. 1974 . Conciliation and verbal responses as functions of orientation and threat in group interaction . Speech Monographs , 41 : 6 – 18 .
  • McCamant , K. , Durrett , C. and Hertzman , E. 1994 . Cohousing: A contemporary approach to housing ourselves , 2nd ed. , Berkeley, CA : Ten Speed Press .
  • McGrath , J. E. 1991 . Time, interaction, and performance (TIP): A theory of groups . Small Group Research , 22 : 147 – 174 .
  • McGrath , J. E. ( 1992 , October). Addendum to the social psychology of groups: That once and future field . Presented at the group research pre-conference at the meeting of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, San Antonio, TX. Retrieved May 30, 2005, from http://www.has.cvu.edu/group/songs/htm#song7
  • Nemiroff , P. M. and King , D. C. 1975 . Group decision-making performance as influenced by consensus and self-orientation . Human Relations , 28 : 1 – 21 .
  • Poole , M. S. (1999) . Group communication theory . In L. R. Frey (Ed.), D. S. Gouran & M. S. Poole (Assoc. Eds.) , The handbook of group communication theory and research (pp. 37 – 70 ). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Poole , M. S. , Seibold , D. R. and McPhee , R. D. 1985 . Group decision-making as a structurational process . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 71 : 74 – 102 .
  • Potapchuk , W. R. 1995 . A comparison of consensus and voting in public decision making: A response . Negotiation Journal , 11 : 55 – 59 .
  • Priem , R. L. and Price , K. H. 1991 . Process and outcome expectations for the dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy, and consensus techniques of strategic decision making . Group and Organization Studies , 16 : 206 – 225 .
  • Propp , K. M. (1999) . Collective information processing in groups . In L. R. Frey (Ed.), D. S. Gouran & M. S. Poole (Assoc. Eds.) , The handbook of group communication theory and research (pp. 225 – 250 ). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Putnam , L. L. and Poole , M. S. 1987 . “ Conflict and negotiation ” . In Handbook of organizational communication , Edited by: Jablin , F. M. , Putnam , L. L. , Roberts , K. H. and Porter , L. W. 549 – 599 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Renz , M. A. ( 2005 , November). The meaning of “consensus” and “blocking” for cohousing groups . Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA .
  • Renz , M. A. and Greg , J. G. 2000 . Effective small group communication in theory and practice , Needham Heights, MA : Allyn & Bacon .
  • Sager , K. L. and Gastil , J. 1999 . Reaching consensus on consensus: A study of the relationships between individual decision-making styles and use of the consensus decision rule . Communication Quarterly , 47 : 67 – 79 .
  • Saine , T. J. and Bock , D. G. 1973 . A comparison of the distributional and sequential structures of interaction in high and low consensus groups . Central States Speech Journal , 24 : 125 – 130 .
  • Schaub , L. (1999) . Introduction to this printing . In Center for Conflict Resolution (Ed.) , Building united judgment: A handbook for consensus decision making (p. iv). Rutledge, MO: The Fellowship for Intentional Community .
  • Schweiger , D. M. , Sandberg , W. R. and Ragan , J. W. 1986 . Group approaches for improving strategic decision making: A comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy, and consensus . Academy of Management Journal , 29 : 51 – 71 .
  • Schweiger , D. M. , Sandberg , W. R. and Rechner , P. L. 1989 . Experiential effects of dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy, and consensus approaches to strategic decision making . Academy of Management Journal , 32 : 745 – 772 .
  • Schwenk , C. R. and Cosier , R. A. 1993 . Effects of consensus and devil's advocacy on strategic decision-making . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 23 : 126 – 139 .
  • Schwenk , C. and Valacich , J. S. 1994 . Effects of devil's advocacy and dialectical inquiry on individuals versus groups . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 59 : 210 – 222 .
  • Sell , J. , Lovaglia , M. J. , Mannix , E. A. , Samuelson , C. D. and Wilson , R. K. 2004 . Investigating conflict, power, and status within and among groups . Small Group Research , 35 : 44 – 72 .
  • Smith , K. K. and Berg , D. N. 1987 . Paradoxes of group life: Understanding conflict, paralysis, and movement in group dynamics , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .
  • Spano , S. 2001 . Public dialogue and participatory democracy: The Cuppertino community project , Cresskill, NJ : Hampton Press .
  • Spillman , B. , Bezdek , J. and Spillman , R. 1979 . Development of an instrument for the dynamic measurement of consensus . Communication Monographs , 46 : 1 – 12 .
  • Stake , R. E. 1995 . The art of case study research , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Stohl , C. , & Holmes , M. E. (1993) . A functional perspective for bona fide groups . In S. A. Deetz (Ed.) , Communication yearbook ( Vol. 16 , pp. 601 – 614 ). Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Sunwolf , & Seibold , D. R. (1999) . The impact of formal procedures on group processes, members, and task outcomes . In L. R. Frey (Ed.), D. S. Gouran & M. S. Poole (Assoc. Eds.) , The handbook of group communication theory and research (pp. 395 – 431 ). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Susskind , L. , McKearnan , S. , & Thomas-Larmer , J. (Eds.) . (1999) . The consensus building handbook: A comprehensive guide to reaching agreement . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • VanLear , C. A. and Mabry , E. A. 1999 . Testing contrasting interaction models for discriminating between consensual and dissentient decision-making groups . Small Group Research , 30 : 29 – 58 .
  • Waldeck , J. H. , Shepard , C. A. , Teitelbaum , J. , Farrar , W. J. and Seibold , D. R. 2002 . “ New directions for functional, symbolic convergence, structuration, and bona fide group perspectives of group communication ” . In New directions in group communication , Edited by: Frey , L. R. 3 – 24 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Whitney , D. and Trosten-Bloom , A. 2003 . The power of appreciative inquiry: A practical guide to positive change , San Francisco : Berrett-Koehler .
  • Wittenbaum , G. M. , Hollingshead , A. B. , Paulus , P. B. , Hirokawa , R. Y. , Ancona , D. G. Peterson , R. S. 2004 . The functional perspective as a lens for understanding groups . Small Group Research , 35 : 17 – 43 .
  • Wood , J. T. 1984 . “ Alternative methods of group decision making: A comparative examination of consensus, negotiation, and voting ” . In Emergent issues in human decision making , Edited by: Phillips , G. M. and Wood , J. T. 3 – 18 . Carbondale, IL : Southern Illinois University Press .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.