References
- Anderson, J., & Rainie, L. (2017). The future of truth and misinformation online. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2017/10/19/the-future-of-truth-and-misinformation-online/
- Anderson, M., & Perrin, A. (2016). 13% of Americans don’t use the internet. Who are they? Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/09/07/some-americans-dont-use-the-internet-who-are-they/
- Anderson, M., & Perrin, A. (2017). Tech adoption climbs among older adults. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2017/05/16170850/PI_2017.05.17_Older-Americans-Tech_FINAL.pdf
- Anderson, M., Perrin, A., & Jiang, J. (2018). 11% of Americans don’t use the internet. Who are they? Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/03/05/some-americans-dont-use-the-internet-who-are-they/
- Atkin, D. J., Hunt, D. S., & Lin, C. A. (2015). Diffusion theory in the new media environment: Toward an integrated technology adoption model. Mass Communication and Society, 18(5), 623–650. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2015.1066014
- Carlson, A., & Isaacs, A. M. (2018). Technological capital: An alternative to the digital divide. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 46(2), 243–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2018.1437279
- Connaway, L. S., Julien, H., Seadle, M., & Kasprak, A. (2017). Digital literacy in the era of fake news: Key roles for information professionals. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 54(1), 554–555. doi: 10.1002/pra2.2017.14505401070
- Cordell, R. M. (2013). Information literacy and digital literacy: Competing or complementary? Communications in Information Literacy, 7(2), 177–183. doi: 10.15760/comminfolit.2013.7.2.150
- Cornell University. (2018). Cornell University – digital literacy resource. Retrieved from https://digitalliteracy.cornell.edu/
- Dantas Scaico, P. D., de Queiroz, R. J., & Lima Dias, J. J., Jr. (2017). Analyzing how interest in learning programming changes during a CS0 course: A qualitative study with Brazilian undergraduates. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM conference on innovation and technology in computer science education (pp. 16–21). New York, NY: ACM.
- Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (2011). Writing ethnographic fieldnotes (2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Epperson, S., & Dickler, J. (2017, December 7). Internet safety tips for seniors. CNBC. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/12/07/internet-safety-tips-for-seniors.html
- Fenwick, T. (2008). Workplace learning: Emerging trends and new perspectives. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.302
- Foley, R. (2017). Spread of fake news prompts literacy efforts in schools. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/spread-of-fake-news-prompts-literacy-efforts-in-schools
- Freiler, T. J. (2008). Learning through the body. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.304
- Grace, C., McCaskill, A., & Roussell, R. (2017). African-American women: Our science, her magic. Nielsen. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/reports/2017/african-american-women-our-science-her-magic
- Guest, G., Namey, E. E., & Mitchell, M. L. (2013). Collecting qualitative data: A field manual for applied research. London: Sage.
- Hargittai, E. (2008). The digital reproduction of inequality. In D. Grusky (Ed.), Social stratification (pp. 936–944). Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Hargittai, E., & Dobransky, K. (2017). Old dogs, new clicks: Digital inequality in skills and uses among older adults. Canadian Journal of Communication, 42(2), 195–212. doi: 10.22230/cjc.2017v42n2a3176
- Hargittai, E., & Litt, E. (2011). The tweet smell of celebrity success: Explaining variation in Twitter adoption among a diverse group of young adults. New Media & Society, 13(5), 824–842. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444811405805
- Hargittai, E., Piper, A. M., & Morris, M. R. (2018). From internet access to internet skills: Digital inequality among older adults. Universal Access in the Information Society, 10, 1–10.
- Hill, R., Betts, L. R., & Gardner, S. E. (2015). Older adults’ experiences and perceptions of digital technology:(Dis) empowerment, wellbeing, and inclusion. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 415–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.01.062
- Horrigan, J. B. (2017). How people approach facts and information. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2017/09/11/how-people-approach-facts-and-information/
- Hunsaker, A., & Hargittai, E. (2018). A review of internet use among older adults. New Media & Society (Online First, doi: 10.1177/1461444818787348
- Jacobson, T. E., & Mackey, T. P. (2013). Proposing a metaliteracy model to redefine information literacy. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/ulib_fac_scholar/39
- Jaeger, P. T., Bertot, J. C., Thompson, K. M., Katz, S. M., & DeCoster, E. J. (2012). The intersection of public policy and public access: Digital divides, digital literacy, digital inclusion, and public libraries. Public Library Quarterly, 31(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2012.654728
- Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2005). The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. Boston, MA: Elsevier.
- Merriam, S. B. (2001). Andragogy and self-directed learning: Pillars of adult learning theory. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2001(89), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.3
- Merriam, S. B. (2008). Adult learning theory for the twenty-first century. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.309
- Metzger, M. J., Flanagin, A. J., & Medders, R. B. (2010). Social and heuristic approaches to credibility evaluation online. Journal of Communication, 60(3), 413–439. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01488.x
- Milgram, D. (2011). How to recruit women and girls to the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) classroom. Technology and Engineering Teacher, 71(3), 4–11.
- Mitzner, T. L., Boron, J. B., Fausset, C. B., Adams, A. E., Charness, N., Czaja, S. J., & Sharit, J. (2010). Older adults talk technology: Technology usage and attitudes. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1710–1721. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.06.020
- Perrin, A. (2015). Social media usage: 2005-2015. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/08/social-networking-usage-2005-2015/
- Perrin, A. (2017). Smartphones help blacks, Hispanics bridge some – but not all – digital gaps with whites. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/31/smartphones-help-blacks-hispanics-bridge-some-but-not-all-digital-gaps-with-whites/
- Pew Research Center. (2018). Internet/broadband fact sheet. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/fact-sheet/internet-broadband/
- Polizzi, G. (2017). Critical digital literacy: Ten key readings for our distrustful media age. Retrieved from http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mediapolicyproject/2017/12/15/critical-digital-literacy-ten-key-readings-for-our-distrustful-media-age/
- Seo, H., Erba, J., Geana, M., & Lumpkins, C. (2017). Calling doctor Google? Technology adoption and health information seeking among low-income African-American older adults. Journal of Public Interest Communications, 1(2), 153–173. doi: 10.32473/jpic.v1.i2.p153
- Shelton, L., Conan, J. S., & Fulghum-Nutters, H. (1992). Honoring diversity: A multidimensional learning model for adults (Pap/Cas edition). Sacramento: California State Library.
- Smith, A. (2014). African Americans and technology use. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/files/2014/01/African-Americans-and-Technology-Use.pdf
- Smith, A., & Anderson, M. (2018). Social media use in 2018. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2018/03/01105133/PI_2018.03.01_Social-Media_FINAL.pdf
- Spitzer, K. L., Eisenberg, M. B., & Lowe, C. A. (1998). Information literacy: Essential skills for the information Age. Information Resources Publications, Syracuse University. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED427780
- Sundar, S. S., & Nass, C. (2001). Conceptualizing sources in online news. Journal of Communication, 51(1), 52–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02872.x
- Tharoor, I. (2018). ‘Fake news’ and the Trumpian threat to democracy. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2018/02/07/fake-news-and-the-trumpian-threat-to-democracy/?utm_term=.4befce04d39b
- Tisdell, E. J. (2008). Spirituality and adult learning. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 2008(119), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1002/ace.303
- Torrey, L. (2011). Student interest and choice in programming assignments. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 26(6), 110–116.
- Venkatesh, V. (2000). Determinants of perceived ease of use: Integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model. Information Systems Research, 11(4), 342–365. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.11.4.342.11872
- Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
- Walton, G. (2016). “Digital literacy” (DL): establishing the boundaries and identifying the partners. New Review of Academic Librarianship, 22(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1080/13614533.2015.1137466
- Whitty, M., Doodson, J., Creese, S., & Hodges, D. (2015). Individual differences in cyber security behaviors: An examination of who is sharing passwords. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18(1), 3–7. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2014.0179
- Wood, M., Hughs, S., & Ainpour, S. (2018). Black Twitter is a force for activism. Marketplace. Retrieved from http://www.marketplace.org/2018/02/16/tech/black-twitter