Naive theories of buying and selling: Implications for teaching critical‐viewing skills

References

• Abelman , R. 1990 . From here to eternity: Children's acquisition of understanding of projective size on television . Human Communication Research , 15 : 463 – 481 .
   Google Scholar
• Adler , R. , Lesser , G. , Meringoff , L. , Robertson , T. , Rossiter , J. and Ward , S. 1980 . The effects of television advertising on children: Review and recommendations , Lexington, MA : Lexington Books .
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , J. 1980 . The theoretical lineage of critical viewing curricula . Journal of Communication , 30 : 68 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Berti , A. E. 1992 . Acquisition of the profit concept by third grade children . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 17 : 293 – 299 .
   Google Scholar
• Berti , A. E. and Beni , R. 1988 . Prerequisites for the concept of shop profit: Logic and memory . British Journal of Developmental Psychology , 6 : 361 – 368 .
   Google Scholar
• Berti , A. E. and Bombi , A. 1981 . The development of the concept of money and its value: A longitudinal study . Child Development , 52 : 1179 – 1182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berti , A. E. and Bombi , A. S. 1988 . The child's construction of economics , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Blatt , J. , Spencer , L. and Ward , S. 1972 . “ A cognitive development study of children's reactions to television advertising ” . In Television and social behavior, IV. Television in day‐to‐day life: Patterns of use , Edited by: Rubinstein , E. A. , Comstock , G. A. and Murray , J. P. 452 – 467 . Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Blosser , B. and Roberts , D. F. 1985 . Age differences in children's perceptions of message intent: Responses to TV news, commercials, educational spots, and public service announcements . Communication Research , 12 : 455 – 484 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , J. 1991 . Television “critical viewing skills”; education: Major media literacy projects in the United States and selected countries , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Chandler , M. and Greenspan , S. 1972 . Ersatz egocentrism: A reply to H. Borke . Developmental Psychology , 7 : 104 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desmond , R. J. and Jeffries‐Fox , S. 1983 . Evaluating children's awareness of television advertising: The effects of a critical viewing program . Communication Education , 32 : 107 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dixon , T. and Moore , C. 1990 . The development of perspective taking: Understanding differences in information and weighting . Child Development , 61 : 1502 – 1513 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Flavell , J. 1978 . “ The development of knowledge about visual perception ” . In Nebraska symposium on motivation, , Edited by: Keasey , C. B. 43 – 76 . Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press .
   Google Scholar
• Flavell , J. 1985 . Cognitive Development , (2nd ed.) , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice‐Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Flavell , J. 1992 . Cognitive development: Past, present and future . Developmental Psychology , 28 : 998 – 1005 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flavell , J. , Everett , B. , Croft , K. and Flavell , E. 1981 . Young children's knowledge about visual perception: Further evidence for the Level 1‐Level 2 distinction . Developmental Psychology , 16 : 10 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Fox , K. and Kehret‐Ward , T. 1990 . Naive theories of price: A developmental model . Psychology & Marketing , 7 : 311 – 329 .
   Google Scholar
• France , A. 1918 . Le petit Pierre , Paris : Calmann‐Levy, Editeurs .
   Google Scholar
• Furnham , A. 1986 . Children's understanding of the economic world . Australian Journal of Education , 30 : 219 – 240 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furth , G. 1980 . The world of grown‐ups , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Garbarino , J. , Stott , F. and Faculty of the Erikson Institute . 1992 . What children can tell us: Eliciting, interpreting, and evaluating critical information from children , San Francisco : Jossey‐Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Geis , M. 1982 . The language of television advertising , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gentner , D. 1975 . “ Evidence for the psychological reality of semantic components: The verbs of possession ” . In Explorations in cognition , Edited by: Norman , D. and Rumelhart , D. 211 – 246 . San Francisco : W. H. Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Higgins , E. T. 1981 . “ Role‐taking and social judgment: Alternative developmental perspectives and processes ” . In Social‐cognitive development: Frontiers and possible futures , Edited by: Flavell , J. H. and Ross , L. 119 – 153 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hoffher , C. and Cantor , J. 1985 . Developmental differences in responses to a television character's appearance and behavior . Developmental Psychology , 21 : 1065 – 1074 .
   Google Scholar
• Huston , A. C. , Donnerstein , E. , Fairchild , H. , Feshbach , N. , Katz , P. , Murray , J. , Rubinstein , E. , Wilcox , B. and Zuckerman , D. 1992 . Big world, small screen: The role of television in American society , Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press .
   Google Scholar
• Huston , A. C. , Watkins , B. A. and Kunkel , D . 1989 . Public policy and children's television . American Psychologist , 44 : 424 – 433 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahoda , G. 1979 . The construction of economic reality by some Glaswegian children . European Journal of Social Psychology , 9 : 115 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy , J. 1992 . Analyzing qualitative data: Log‐linear analysis for behavioral research , (2nd ed.) , New York : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Knowles , A. D. and Nixon , M. C. 1990 . Children's comprehension of a television cartoon's emotional theme . Australian Journal of Psychology , 42 : 115 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leiser , D. 1983 . Children's conceptions of economics: The constitution of a cognitive domain . Journal of Economic Psychology , 4 : 297 – 317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNeal , J. 1992 . Kids as customers: A handbook of marketing to children , New York : Lexington Books .
   Google Scholar
• Montgomery , K. . Targeting kids in the new electronic media marketplace: Critical policy issues . Paper presented at the meeting of International Communication Association . Washington, DC. May ,
   Google Scholar
• Peracchio , L. 1990 . Designing research to reveal the young child's emerging competence . Psychology & Marketing , 7 : 257 – 276 .
   Google Scholar
• Piaget , J. 1926 . The language and thought of the child , New York : Hartcourt, Brace .
   Google Scholar
• Piaget , J. and Inhelder , B. 1967 . The child's conception of space , New York : W. W. Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Pillow , B. 1991 . Children's understanding of biased social cognition . Developmental Psychology , 27 : 539 – 551 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , D. F. 1983 . Children and commercials: Issues, evidence, interventions . Prevention in Human Services , 2 : 19 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Schug , M. and Birkey , C. J. 1985 . The development of children's economic reasoning . Theory and Research in Social Education , 13 : 31 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Selman , R. and Byrne , D. 1974 . A structural analysis of levels of role taking in middle childhood . Child Development , 45 : 803 – 807 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stacey , B. 1982 . Economic socialization in the pre‐adult years . British Journal of Social Psychology , 21 : 159 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss , A. 1952 . The development and transformation of monetary meanings in the child . American Sociological Review , 17 : 275 – 286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward , S. 1987 . “ Consumer behavior ” . In Handbook of communication science , Edited by: Berger , C. and Chaffee , S. 651 – 674 . Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Ward , S. , Reale , G. and Levinson , D. 1972 . “ Children's perceptions, explanations, and judgments of television advertising: A further exploration ” . In Television and social behavior, IV. Television in day‐to‐day life: Patterns of use , Edited by: Rubinstein , E. A. , Comstock , G. A. and Murray , J. P. 468 – 489 . Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Webley , P. , Levine , M. and Lewis , A. 1991 . A study in economic psychology: Children's saving in a play economy . Human Relations , 44 : 127 – 146 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , B. J. and Cantor , J. 1985 . Developmental differences in empathy with a television protagonist's fear . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 39 : 284 – 299 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , B. 1990 . Television advertising and children , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar