7
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Experimenter Behavior as an Unintended Determinant of Experimental Results

, &
Pages 479-490 | Received 02 Feb 1965, Published online: 16 Nov 2010

References

  • Brogden , W. J. 1962 . The experimenter as a factor in animal conditioning . Psychol. Rep. , 11 : 239 – 242 .
  • Brunswik , E. 1956 . Perception and the representative design of psychological experiments , Berkeley & Los Angeles : Univer. of California Press .
  • Friedman , N. 1964 . The psychological experiment as a social interaction , Harvard University . Uupublished doctoral dissertation
  • Goffman , E. 1956 . The presentation of self in everyday life , Univer. Edinburgh Soc. Sci. Res. Centre . Monogr. No. 2
  • Hyman , H. H. , Cobb , W. J. , Feldman , J. J. , Hart , C. W. and Stember , C. H. 1954 . Interviewing in social research , Chicago : Univer. Chicago Press .
  • Maier , N. R. F. 1956 . Frustration theory: restatement and extension . Psychol. Rev. , 63 : 370 – 388 .
  • Masling , J. 1960 . The influence of situational and interpersonal variables in projective testing . Psychol. Bull. , 57 : 65 – 85 .
  • McGuigan , F. J. 1963 . The experimenter: a neglected stimulus object . Psychol. Bull. , 60 : 421 – 428 .
  • Orne , M. T. 1959 . The nature of hypnosis: artifact and essence . J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. , 58 : 277 – 299 .
  • Rankin , R. and Campbell , D. T. 1955 . Galvanic skin response to Negro and white experimenters . J. abnorm. soc. Psychol. , 51 : 30 – 33 .
  • Riecken , H. W. 1962 . “ A program for research on experiments in social psychology. ” . In Decisions, values and groups, Vol. II , Edited by: Washburnc , N. F. 25 – 41 . New York : Pergamon Press .
  • Rosenberg , M. J. 1965 . When dissonance fails: on eliminating evaluation apprehension from attitude measurement . J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. , 1 : 28 – 42 .
  • Rosenthal , R. 1963 . On the social psychology of the psychological experiment: the experimenter's hypothesis as unintended determinant of experimental results . Amer. Scient. , 51 : 268 – 283 .
  • Rosenthal , R. 1964 . Personal characteristics increasing outcome-orientation effects , Harvard University . Unpublished ' paper.
  • Rosenthal , R. and Fode , K. L. 1963 . Psychology of the scientist: V. Three experiments in experimenter bias . Psychol. Rep. , 12 : 491 – 511 .
  • Rosenthal , R. , Fode , K. L. , Vikan-Kline , Linda and Persinger , G. W. 1964 . Verbal conditioning: mediator of experimenter expectancy effects? . Psychol. Rep. , 14 : 71 – 74 .
  • Rosenthal , R. and Halas , E. S. 1962 . Experimenter effect in the study of invertebrate behavior . Psychol. Rep. , 11 : 251 – 256 .
  • Rosenthal , R. , Persinger , G. W. , Mulry , R. C. , Vikan-Kline , Linda and Grothe , M. 1964 . Emphasis on experimental procedure, sex of subjects, and the biasing effects of experimental hypotheses . J. proj. Tech. pers. Assess. , 28 : 470 – 473 .
  • Sarason , I. G. 1965 . “ The human reinforcer in verbal-behavior research. ” . In Research in behavior modification: new developments and implications , Edited by: Krasner , L. and Ullman , L. P. 229 – 243 . New York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston .
  • Young , R. K. 1959 . Digit span as a function of the personality of the experimenter . Amer. Psychologist , 14 : 375 (Abstract)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.