African American Gatekeepers or the Black Church?: Using Modified Grounded Theory to Explore the Debate on Black Homophobia

References

• Alexander, M. (2010). The new Jim Crow: Mass incarceration in the age of colorblindness. New York, NY: The New Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brewer, P. R. (2003). Values, political knowledge, and public opinion about gay rights; A framing-based account. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 67(2), 173–201. doi:10.1086/374397
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, C. J. (1999). The boundaries of blackness: AIDS and the breakdown of black politics. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Davenport, L. D. (2016). “Beyond black and white: Biracial attitudes in contemporary U.S. politics. American Political Science Review, 110(1), 52–67. doi:10.1017/S0003055415000556
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Döringer, S. (2021). ‘The problem-centred expert interview’. Combining qualitative interviewing approaches for investigating implicit expert knowledge. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 24(3), 265–278. 10.1080/13645579.2020.1766777
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallup. (2019) Gay and lesbian rights. Retrieved from https://news.gallup.com/poll/1651/gay-lesbian-rights.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Gatewood, W. B. (1994). W.E.B. DuBois: Elitist as racial radical. The Georgia Historical Quarterly, 78(2), 306–325.
   Google Scholar
• Haider-Markel, D. P., & Joslyn, M. R. (2008). Beliefs about the origins of homosexuality and support for gay rights: An empirical test of attribution theory. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 72(2), 291–310. doi:10.1093/poq/nfn015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herek, G. M., & Capitanio, J. P. (1995). Black heterosexuals’ attitudes toward lesbians and gay men in the United States. The Journal of Sex Research, 32(2), 95–105. doi:10.1080/00224499509551780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, M. (2013). Is the black community more homophobic?: Reflections on the intersectionality of race, class, gender, culture and religiosity of the perception of homophobia in the black community. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 17(2), 208–214. doi:10.1080/19359705.2013.768089
   Google Scholar
• Hudson, W. W., & Ricketts, W. A. (1980). A strategy for the measurement of homophobia. Journal of Homosexuality, 5(4), 357–372. doi:10.1300/J082v05n04_02
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute for Digital Research and Education. (2020). “Regression with STATA chapter 3 – Regression with categorical predictors.” UCLA. Retrieved from https://stats.idre.ucla.edu/stata/webbooks/reg/chapter3/regression-with-statachapter-3-regression-with-categorical-predictors/.
   Google Scholar
• Institute for Women’s Policy Research. (2016). Quick facts. Retrieved from https://iwpr.org/wp-content/uploads/wpallimport/files/iwpr-export/publications/Q054.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, M., Eric, G. L., & Baker, D. N. (2009). The attitudes of black and white college students toward gays and lesbians. Journal of Black Studies, 39(4), 589–613. doi:10.1177/0021934707299638
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, K. (2010). African American Politics. Malden, MA: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, G. B. (2003). Black-white differences in attitudes towards homosexuality and gay rights. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 67(1), 59–78. doi:10.1086/346009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, T. E. (2017). Repercussive Discrimination: Racial Discrimination as an Explanation of Prevalent Homophobia Among Racial Minorities. [Doctoral disseratation, University of Missouri-St. Louis].
   Google Scholar
• Majied, K. F. (2010). The impact of sexual orientation and gender expression bias on African American studies. The Journal of Negro Education, 79(2), 151–165.
   Google Scholar
• Masci, D. (2018). “5 fact about the religious lives of African Americans.” Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/02/07/5-facts-about-the-religious-lives-of-african-americans/
   Google Scholar
• Mushaben, J. (2016, April 19). Academic lecture: Interviewing public officials” at the University of Missouri-St. Louis.
   Google Scholar
• Overby, L. M., & Barth, J. (2002). Contact, community context, and public attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Polity, 34(4), 433–456. doi:10.1086/POLv34n4ms3235412
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, W., & Lewis, I. A. (1984). The straight story on homosexuality and gay rights. Public Opinion, 7(16–20), 59–60.
   Google Scholar
• Schulte, L. J. (2002). Similarities and differences in homophobia among African Americans versus Caucasians. Race, Gender & Class, 9(4), 71–93.
   Google Scholar
• Simien, E. M. (2004). Gender differences in attitudes towards black feminism among African Americans. The Academy of Political Science, 119(2), 315–338.
   Google Scholar
• Tie, Y. C., Birks, M., & Francis, K. (2019). Grounded theory research: A design framework for novice researchers. Sage Open Medicine, 7, 108.
   Google Scholar
• Ward, E. G. (2005). Homophobia, hypermasculinity and the U.S. Black Church. Health and Sexuality, 7(5), 493–504. doi:10.1080/13691050500151248
   Google Scholar
• Whitley, B. E. (1987). The relationship of sex-role orientation to heterosexual’s attitudes towards homosexuals. Sex Roles, 17(1–2), 103–113. doi:10.1007/BF00287903
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaller, J. R. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Boston, MA: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar