Dudes, “Unnatural Crimes,” and a “Curious Couple”

NOTES

• Gene Smith and Jayne Barry Smith, eds., The Police Gazette (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972), 18.
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• See virtually any copy of The National Police Gazette from 1880 to 1900 and it will have numerous classified ads encouraging virility and promising to restore virility. For example, the June 2, 1894, issue, 14–15, had at least five classified ads headlined “Weak Men,” advertising the nineteenth-century's versions of Viagra; others promised “sexual power” and restoration of the “errors of youth” or “shrunken organs.”
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• Guy Reel, The National Police Gazette and the Making of the Modern American Man, 1879–1906 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), 13.
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• See, for example, Smith and Smith, eds., The Police Gazette; Edward Van Every, Sins of New York as “Exposed” by the Police Gazette (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co., 1930); Elliot J. Gorn, “The Wicked World: The National Police Gazette and Gilded-Age America,” Media Studies Journal 6 (Winter 1992): 1–15; and Reel, The National Police Gazette and the Making of the Modern American Man.
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• Fox assumed the Gazette proprietorship in 1876.
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• See Gary Schmidgall, The Stranger Wilde: Interpreting Oscar (New York: Dutton, 1994).
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• See Edward Alwood, Straight News: Gays, Lesbians, and the News Media (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996).
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• Rhonda Gibson, “Coverage of Gay Males, Lesbians in Newspaper Lifestyle Sections,” Newspaper Research Journal 25, no. 3 (2004): 90.
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• Jay Hatheway, The Gilded Age Construction of Modern American Homophobia (Gordonsville, Va.: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), 5.
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• Cited in Steve Jones, The Illustrated Police News (Nottingham, England: Wicked Publications, 2002), 29–30.
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• Clare Sears, “‘A Tremendous Sensation’: Cross-Dressing in the 19th-Century San Francisco Press” in News and Sexuality: Media Portraits of Diversity, eds. Laura Castaneda and Shannon Campbell (Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2006), 2.
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• Ibid, 4.
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• Ibid, 5.
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• Ibid, 16.
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• Ted Curtis Smythe, The Gilded Age Press, 1865–1900 (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2003), 181.
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• Ibid, 183.
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• Hatheway, The Gilded Age Construction of Modern American Homophobia, 169.
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• Jonathan Katz, Love Stories (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), 290, cited in Hatheway, The Gilded Age Construction of Modern American Homophobia, 168.
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• Hatheway, The Gilded Age Construction of Modern American Homophobia, 168–69.
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• The Chronicle of Higher Education reported that the journal is self-published by Cohen at the Missouri University of Science and Technology. See “Dude!,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, http://chronicle.com/blogs/linguafranca/2013/10/21/dude/
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• “The origin of the word ‘dude,’” CBC Books, http://www.cbc.ca/books/2013/11/the-origin-of-the-word-dude.html
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• “The Society Reporter,” The National Police Gazette, Jan. 26, 1884, 6.
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• Ibid.
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• Ibid.
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• The National Police Gazette, Aug. 23, 1884, 2, 1, 6.
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• The National Police Gazette, Jan. 26, 1884, 10, 16.
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• “Larks among the Mill Girls,” The National Police Gazette, July 2, 1881, 6.
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• The National Police Gazette, April 12, 1884, 1.
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• “Peeps behind the Scenes,” The National Police Gazette, July 27, 1895, 3.
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• “Those Tell-Tale Stockings,” The National Police Gazette, Jan. 26, 1889, 7.
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• “A Curious Couple,” The National Police Gazette, Nov. 22, 1879, 3. Though the article implies there was some lesbian activity involved, it seems unlikely that the Gazette was using “straight” as a synonym for heterosexual. Most etymologists consider that term an invention of the twentieth-century when the word “gay” came into popular use to describe homosexuals.
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• Ibid.
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• “A Woman's Life as a Man,” The National Police Gazette, Nov. 22, 1879, 10.
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• “Disguised with Skirts,” The National Police Gazette, March 15, 1902, 6.
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• “Wilde on the Treadmill,” The National Police Gazette, June 15, 1895, 6.
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• See Michael S. Foldy, The Trials of Oscar Wilde (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1997).
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• Mary Warner Blanchard, Oscar Wilde's America (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1998), 137–38.
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• The National Police Gazette, Feb. 18, 1882, 2.
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• Roy Morris, Declaring His Genius: Oscar Wilde in North America (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2013), 82.
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• Ibid.
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• “The Fall of Oscar Wilde,” The National Police Gazette, May 4, 1895, 7. The Gazette reported that Wilde said he had contributed to The Chameleon but had no other role in it. As for “The Priest and the Acolyte,” by John Francis Bloxam, Wilde disagreed that it was immoral, but that “it was worse; it was badly written.”
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• Ibid.
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• “Wilde on the Treadmill.”
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• Ibid. The pejorative term “fag” was derived from “faggot,” which means a bundle of wood or twigs. Some have speculated that the British “fagging” system may have been an origin of the term but the word “faggot” was not used in British public schools. See the Online Etymology Dictionary, http://www.etymonline.com/
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• “Wilde on the Treadmill.”
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• See Robert Beachy, “The German Invention of Homosexuality,” The Journal of Modern History 82, no. 4 (2010): 801–38.
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