References
- Abbott MSR, Harvey AP, Perez GV, Theodorou MK. 2013. Biological processing in oscillatory baffled reactors: operation, advantages and potential. Interface Focus. 3(1):20120036. doi:https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2012.0036
- Agahzamin S, Pakzad L. 2019a. CFD investigation of the gas dispersion and liquid mixing in bubble columns with dense vertical internals. Chem Eng Sci. 203:425–438. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2019.03.048
- Agahzamin S, Pakzad L. 2019b. A comprehensive CFD study on the effect of dense vertical internals on the hydrodynamics and population balance model in bubble columns. Chem Eng Sci. 193:421–435. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2018.08.052
- Ahmed SMR, Phan AN, Harvey AP. 2018. Mass transfer enhancement as a function of oscillatory baffled reactor design. Chem Eng Process. 130:229–239. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2018.06.016
- Annus I, Kartushinsky A, Vassiljev A, Kaur K. 2019. Numerical and experimental investigation on flow dynamics in a pipe with an abrupt change in diameter. J Fluids Eng. 141:101301. doi:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4043233
- ANSYS® Fluent. 2017. ANSYS Fluent Theory Guide. ANSYS, Inc. Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.
- Aubin J, Fletcher DF, Xuereb C. 2004. Modeling turbulent flow in stirred tanks with CFD: the influence of the modeling approach, turbulence model and numerical scheme. Exp Therm Fluid Sci. 28(5):431–445. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermfluidsci.2003.04.001
- Baird MHI, Stonestreet P. 1995. Energy dissipation in oscillatory flow within a baffled tube. Trans IChemE. 73:503–511.
- Brunold CR, Hunns JCB, Mackley MR, Thompson JW. 1989. Experimental observations on flow patterns and energy losses for oscillatory flow in ducts containing sharp edges. Chem Eng Sci. 44(5):1227–1244. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(89)87022-8
- Corson D, Jaiman R, Shakib F. 2009. Industrial application of RANS modelling: capabilities and needs. Int J Comput Fluid D. 23(4):337–347. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10618560902776810
- Cruz P, Rocha F, Ferreira A. 2018. Determination of the critical mixing intensity for secondary nucleation of paracetamol in an oscillatory flow crystallizer. CrystEngComm. 20(6):829–836. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CE01940H
- Ejim LN, Yerdelen S, McGlone T, Onyemelukwe I, Johnston B, Florence AJ, Reis NM. 2017. A factorial approach to understanding the effect of inner geometry of baffled meso-scale tubes on solids suspension and axial dispersion in continuous, oscillatory liquid-solid plug flows. Chem Eng J. 308:669–682. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.09.013
- Eze VC, Phan AN, Pirez C, Harvey AP, Lee AF, Wilson K. 2013. Heterogenous catalysis in an oscillatory baffled flow reactor. Catal Sci Technol. 3(9):2373–2379. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cy00282a
- Fitch AW, Jian H, Ni X. 2005. An investigation of the effect of viscosity on mixing in an oscillatory baffled column using digital particle image velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics simulation. Chem Eng J. 112(1-3):197–210. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2005.07.013
- Fitch AW, Ni X, Stewart J. 2001. Characterisation of flexible baffles in an oscillatory baffled column. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 76(10):1074–1079. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.482
- Gaidhani HK, McNeil B, Ni X. 2005. Fermentation of pullulan using an oscillatory baffled fermenter. Chem Eng Res Des. 83(6):640–645. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/cherd.04355
- Gholamzadehdevin G, Pakzad L. 2019. Hydrodynamic characteristics of an activated slidge bubble column through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Can J Chem Eng. 97(4):967–982. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.23335
- Hagesaether L, Jakobsen HA, Svendsen HF. 2002. A model for turbulent binary breakup of dispersed fluid particles. Chem Eng Sci. 57(16):3251–3267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00197-5
- Harvey AP, Mackley MR, Reis N, Teixeira JA, Vicente AA. 2003. The fluid mechanics relating to a novel oscillatory flow micro reactor. 4th European Congress of Chemical Engineering, Granada, 0-6.4-004.
- Harvey AP, Mackley MR, Stonestreet P. 2001. Operation and optimization of an oscillatory flow continuous reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res. 40(23):5371–5377. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/ie0011223
- Hosseini S, Patel D, Ein-Mozaffari F, Mehrvar M. 2010. Study of solid-liquid mixing in agitated tanks through computational fluid dynamics modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res. 49(9):4426–4435. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/ie901130z
- Howes T, Mackley MR. 1990. Experimental axial dispersion for oscillatory flow through a baffled tube. Chem Eng Sci. 45(5):1349–1358. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(90)87127-E
- Jian H, Ni X. 2005. A numerical study on the scale-up behaviour in oscillatory baffled columns. Chem Eng Res Des. 83(10):1163–1170. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/cherd.03312
- Jimeno G, Lee YC, Ni X. 2018. On the evaluation of power density models for oscillatory baffled reactors using CFD. Chem Eng Process. 134:153–162. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2018.11.002
- Kacker R, Regensburg SI, Kramer HJM. 2017. Residence time distribution of dispersed liquid and solid phase in a continuous oscillatory flow baffled crystallizer. Chem Eng J. 317:413–423. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.02.007
- Khajeh Naeeni K, Pakzad L. 2019. Droplet size distribution and mixing hydrodynamics in a liquid-liquid stirred tank by CFD modeling. Int J Multiphas Flow. 120:103100. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imultiphaseflow.2019.103100
- Kljajić N, Todić B, Slavnić D, Nikačević N. 2019. Turbulent flow modeling in continuous oscillatory flow baffled reactor using STAR CCM +. Comput Aided Chem Eng. 46:841–846. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50141-7
- Lawton S, Steele G, Shering P, Zhao L, Laird I, Ni X. 2009. Continuous crystallization of pharmaceuticals using a continuous oscillatory baffled crystallizer. Org Process Res Dev. 13(6):1357–1363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/op900237x
- Lehr F, Mewes D. 2001. A transport equation for the interfacial area density applied to bubble columns. Chem Eng Sci. 56(3):1159–1166. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00335-3
- Liao Y, Lucas D. 2009. A literature review of theoretical models for drop and bubble breakup in turbulent dispersions. Chem Eng Sci. 64(15):3389–3406. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2009.04.026
- Lister JD, Smit DJ, Hounslow MJ. 1995. Adjustable discretized population balance for growth and aggregation. AIChE J. 41(3):591–603. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690410317
- Lobry E, Lasuye T, Gourdon C, Xuereb C. 2015. Liquid-liquid dispersion in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor—application to suspension polymerization. Chem Eng J. 259:505–518. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.08.014
- Luo H. 1993. Coalescence, break up and liquid circulation in bubble column reactors [PhD thesis]. Trondheim (Norway): Norwegian Institute of Technology.
- Manninen M, Gorshkova E, Immonen K, Ni X. 2013. Evaluation of axial dispersion and mixing performance in oscillatory baffled reactors using CFD. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 88(4):553–562. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.3979
- Manninen M, Taivassalo V. 1996. On the mixture model for multiphase flow. Valtion teknillinen tutkimuskeskus, publication 288.
- Mazubert A, Fletcher DF, Poux M, Aubin J. 2016a. Hydrodynamics and mixing in continuous oscillatory flow reactors—Part I: effect of baffle geometry. Chem Eng Process. 108:78–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2016.07.015
- Mazubert A, Fletcher DF, Poux M, Aubin J. 2016b. Hydrodynamics and mixing in continuous oscillatory flow reactors—Part II: characterisation methods. Chem Eng Process. 102:102–116. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2016.01.009
- McDonough JR, Ahmed SR, Phan AN, Harvey AP. 2017. A study of the flow structures generated by oscillating flows in a helical baffled tube. Chem Eng Sci. 171:160–178. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2017.05.032
- McDonough JR, Oates MF, Law R, Harvey AP. 2019. Micromixing in oscillatory baffled flows. Chem Eng J. 361:508–518. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.12.088
- Mirshekari F, Pakzad L. 2019. Mixing of oil in water through electrical resistance tomography and response surface methodology. Chem Eng Technol. 42(5):1101–1115. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800563
- Muller-Steinhagen H, Malayeri MR, Watkinson AP. 2011. Heat exchanger fouling: mitigation and cleaning strategies. Heat Transfer Eng. 32(3-4):189–196. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2010.503108
- Ni X, Brogan G, Struthers A, Bennett DC, Wilson SF. 1998. A systematic study of the effect of geometrical parameters on mixing time in oscillatory baffled columns. Inst Chem E. 76(5):635–642. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/026387698525162
- Ni X, Cosgrove JA, Arnott AD, Greated CA, Cumming RH. 2000. On the measurement of strain rate in an oscillatory baffled column using particle image velocimetry. Chem Eng Sci. 55(16):3195–3208. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00577-1
- Ni X, De Gélicourt YS, Baird MHI, Rao NVR. 2001. Scale-up of single phase axial dispersion coefficients in batch and continuous oscillatory baffle tubes. Can J Chem Eng. 79(3):444–448. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450790318
- Ni X, Gao S. 1996. Mass transfer characteristics of a pilot pulsed baffled reactor. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 65(1):65–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199601)65:1<65::AID-JCTB352>3.0.CO;2-1
- Ni X, Gough P. 1997. On the discussion of the dimensionless groups governing oscillatory flow in a baffled tube. Chem Eng Sci. 52(18):3209–3212. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(97)00104-8
- Ni X, Jian H, Fitch AW. 2002. Computational fluid dynamic modeling of flow patterns in an oscillatory baffled column. Chem Eng Sci. 57(14):2849–2862. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00081-7
- Ni X, Johnstone C, Symes KC, Grey BD, Bennett DC. 2001. Suspension polymerization of acrylamide in an oscillatory baffled reactor: from drops to particles. AIChE J. 47(8):1746–1757. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690470807
- Ni X, Mackley MR, Harvey AP, Stonestreet P, Baird MHI, Rao NVR. 2003. Mixing through oscillations and pulsations—a guide to achieving process enhancements in the chemical and process industries. Chem Eng Res Des. 81(3):373–383. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/02638760360596928
- Ni X, Murray KR, Zhang Y, Bennett D, Howes T. 2002. Polymer product engineering utilising oscillatory baffled reactors. Powder Technol. 124(3):281–286. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(02)00022-0
- Ni X, Stevenson CC. 1999. On the effect of gap size between baffle outer diameter and tube inner diameter on the mixing characteristics in an oscillatory-baffled column. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 74(6):587–593. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199906)74:6<587::AID-JCTB87>3.0.CO;2-C
- Ni X, Zhang Y, Mustafa I. 1998. An investigation of droplet size and size distribution in methylmethacrylate suspensions in a batch oscillatory-baffled reactor. Chem Eng Sci. 53(16):2903–2919. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00124-9
- Ni X, Zhang Y, Mustafa I. 1999. Correlation of polymer particle size with droplet size in suspension polymerization of methylmethacrylate in a batch oscillatory-baffled reactor. Chem Eng Sci. 54(6):841–850. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(98)00279-6
- Oliveira MSN, Fitch AW, Ni X. 2003. A study of bubble velocity and bubble residence time in a gassed oscillatory baffled column. Chem Eng Res Des. 81(2):233–242. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/026387603762878692
- Pakzad L, Ein-Mozaffari F, Upreti S R, Lohi A. 2013. Characterisation of the mixing of non-newtonian fluids with a scaba 6SRGT impeller through ert and CFD. Can J Chem Eng. 91(1):90–100. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.21616.
- Pereira NE, Ni X. 2001. Droplet size distribution in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor. Chem Eng Sci. 56(3):735–739. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(00)00283-9
- Rao NVR, Baird MHI. 2000. Axial mixing and gas holdup with reciprocating doughnut plates. Can J Chem Eng. 78(1):261–264. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450780133
- Reis N, Vicente AA, Teixeira JA, Mackley MR. 2004. Residence times and mixing of a novel continuous oscillatory flow screening reactor. Chem Eng Sci. 59(22-23):4967–4974. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2004.09.013
- Roberts EPL, Mackley MR. 1995. The simulation of stretch rates for the quantitative prediction and mapping of mixing within a channel flow. Chem Eng Sci. 50(23):3727–3746. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(95)00196-C
- Roudsari SF, Turcotte G, Dhib R, Ein-Mozaffari F. 2012. CFD modeling of the mixing of water in oil emulsions. Comput Chem Eng. 45:124–136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2012.06.013
- Schiller L, Naumann A. 1935. A drag coefficient correlation. Z Ver Dtsch Ing. 77:318–320.
- Slavnić D, Bugarski B, Nikačević N. 2019. Solids flow pattern in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor. Chem Eng Process. 135:108–119. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2018.11.017
- Stonestreet P, Harvey AP. 2002. A mixing-based design methodology for continuous oscillatory flow reactors. Chem Eng Res Des. 80(1):31–44. doi:https://doi.org/10.1205/026387602753393204
- Sutherland K, Pakzad L, Fatehi P. 2019. CFD population balance modeling and dimensionless group analysis of a multiphase oscillatory baffled column (OBC) using moving overset meshes. Chem Eng Sci. 199:552–570. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2019.01.005
- Versteeg H, Malalasekra W. 2007. An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: the finite volume method. 2nd ed. Pearson Education, Ltd. Essex, England.
- Wu P, Wu J, Li W. 2012. A numerical study on the temperature field of oscillatory flow reactor with conic ring baffles. Adv Mater Res. 455-456:121–126. doi:https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.121