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Original Articles

Visibility Distance through Heat Absorbing Glass

Pages 168-176 | Published online: 20 Sep 2013

References

  • RoperV. J. Nighttime seeing through heat-absorbing windshields, Highway Research Board Bulletin No. 68, January 1953.
  • HeathW. and FinchD. M. Effect of tinted windshields on nighttime-visibility distances, Highway Research Board Bulletin No. 68, January 1953.
  • BlackwellH. R. Visual detection at low luminance through optical filters, Highway Research Board Bulletin No. 89, 1954, p. 43.
  • DunipaceD. W.,StrongJ. and HuizingaM. “Prediction of nighttime driving visibility from laboratory data”, Applied Optics, Vol. 13, November 1974, p. 2732.
  • HaberH. “Safety hazard of tinted automobile windshields at night”, Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 45, 1955, p. 413.
  • BlackwellH. R. and McCreadyD. W. Foveal contrast thresholds for various durations of single pulses, Engineering Research Institute, The University of Michigan, 1958.
  • BlackwellH. R. “Brightness discrimination data for the specification of the quantity of illumination”, Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 47, No. 11, November 1952, p. 602.
  • FryG. A. “A re-evaluation of the scattering theory of glare”, Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 2, February 1954, p. 98.
  • BernsteinA. Measurement of pavement brightness factor, memorandum, Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ford Motor Company, July 1974.
  • BernsteinA. Prediction of target detection thresholds on the basis of physiological considerations, Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, October 1974, p. 457.
  • BernsteinA. A physiological math model for human visual target detection, paper presented to the Vision Colloquium, Mental Health Research Institute, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, January 8, 1976.
  • BlackwellO. M. and BlackwellH. R. “Visual performance data for 156 normal observers of various ages”, Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 1, No. 1, October 1971, p. 3.
  • DeGrootS. G. and GebhardJ. W. “Pupil size as determined by adapting luminance”, Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 42, 1952, p. 492.
  • BhiseV. D.,McMahanP. B. and FarberE. I. Predicting target detection distance with headlights, presentation to the Transportation Research Board, January 1976.
  • RumarK. “Dirty headlights—frequency and visibility effects”, Report No. 36, Department of Psychology, The University of Upsala, Sweden, 1973.
  • WoltmanH. and YoungbloodW. An assessment of indirect factors affecting reflective sign brightness, presentation to the Transportation Research Board, January 1976.

References

  • GallagherV. P. “A visibility metric for safe lighting of city streets”, Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, Vol. 5, No. 2, January 1976, p. 85.
  • Discussion of reference a, p. 90.

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