Six-spotted mite and its predators on sprayed and unsprayed ‘Hass’ avocado trees

References

• Biddinger DJ, Weber DC, Hull LA. 2009. Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control. Biological Control. 51:268–283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolland HR, Gutierrez J, Flechtmann CHW. 1998. World catalogue of the spider mite family (Acari: Tetranychidae. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Collyer E. 1964. Phytophagous mites and their predators in New Zealand orchards. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 7:551–568.
   Google Scholar
• Demite PR, de Moraes GJ, McMurtry JA, Denmark HA, Castilho RC. 2021. Phytoseiidae Database. [accessed 2021 May 25]. http://www.lea.esalq.usp.br/phytoseiidae.
   Google Scholar
• Döker I, Kazak C. 2019. Non-target effects of five acaricides on a native population of Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). International Journal of Acarology. 45:69–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Döker I, Kazak C. 2020. Toxicity and risk assessment of acaricides on the predatory mite, Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory conditions. Chemosphere. 261:127760. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127760.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dutcher JD. 2007. Impact of predatory mite releases on the abundance of pecan leaf scorch mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Entomological Science. 42:517–524.
   Google Scholar
• Fleschner CA, Badgley ME, Ricker DW, Hall JC. 1956. Air drift of spider mites. Journal of Economic Entomology. 49:624–627.
   Google Scholar
• Froud KJ, Stevens PS, Machin T, Jamieson LE. 2002. Efficacy of new pesticides against six spotted mite Eotetranychus sexmaculatus (Riley) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on avocados. [accessed 2021 June 25]. http://www.avocadosource.com/Journals/NZAGA/NZAGA_2002/NZAGA_2002_03.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Gerson U, Smiley RL, Ochoa R. 2003. Mites (Acari) for pest control. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Gotoh T, Gomi K. 2000. Population dynamics of Tetranychus kanzawai (Acari: Tetranychidae) on hydrangea. Experimental & Applied Acarology. 24:337–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houston KJ. 1990. The New Zealand species of Stethorus Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 17:271–278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jamieson LE, Charles JG, Stevens PS, McKenna CE, Bawden R. 2005. Natural enemies of citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) in citrus orchards. New Zealand Plant Protection. 58:299–305.
   Google Scholar
• Jamieson LE, Stevens PS. 2007. Development rates, longevity and fecundity of six-spotted mite (Eotetranychus sexmaculatus) at constant temperatures. New Zealand Plant Protection. 60:72–77.
   Google Scholar
• Jeppson LR, Keifer HH, Baker EW. 1975. Mites injurious to economic plants. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan P, Yorulmaz S, Ay R. 2012. Toxicity of insecticides and acaricides to the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). International Journal of Acarology. 38:699–705.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp M, van Houten Y, Hoogerbrugge H, Bolckmans K. 2013. Amblydromalus limonicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as a biocontrol agent: literature review and new findings. Acarologia. 53:191–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lara JR, Amrich R, Saremi NT, Hoddle MS. 2016. Spatial dependence and sampling of phytoseiid populations on Hass avocados in southern California. Environmental Entomology. 45:708–718.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu X, Robinson PW, Madore MA, Witney GW, Arpaia ML. 1999. Hass’ avocado carbohydrate fluctuations. I. growth and phenology. Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science. 124:671–675.
   Google Scholar
• Manson DCM. 1983. List of new mite/host plant records from New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist. 7:401–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcossi Í, Fonseca MM, Carbajal PAF, Cardoso A, Pallini A, Janssen A. 2020. High-quality alternative food reduces cannibalism in the predatory mite Amblyseius herbicolus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology. 81:189–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurtry JA. 1985. Avocado. In: Helle W, Sabelis MW, editors. Spider mites. Their biology, natural enemies and control. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V; p. 327–332.
   Google Scholar
• McMurtry JA, De Moraes GJ, Sourassou NF. 2013. Revision of the lifestyles of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and implications for biological control strategies. Systematic & Applied Acarology. 18:297–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minor M. 2008. Phytoseiidae of New Zealand Version 1.0. [accessed 2018–2020 on multiple dates]. https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/phytoseiidae/key/phytoseiidae/Media/Html/about.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Monetti LN, Fernandez NA. 1995. Seasonal population dynamics of the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) and its predator Neoseiulus californicus in a sprayed apple orchard in Argentina (Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae). Acarologia. 36:325–331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R Core Team. 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt RA, Beers EH, Unruh TR, Horton DR. 2013. Releases of insectary-reared Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in commercial apple orchards. Journal of Economic Entomology. 106:1996–2005.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tixier M-S. 2018. Predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in agro-ecosystems and conservation biological control: A review and explorative approach for forecasting plant-predatory mite interactions and mite dispersal. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 6:192. doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wermelinger B, Oertli JJ, Baumgärtner J. 1991. Environmental factors affecting the life-tables of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). III. Host-plant nutrition. Experimental & Applied Acarology. 12:259–274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson LT, Trichilo PJ, Gonzalez D. 1991. Natural enemies of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) on cotton: density regulation or casual association? Environmental Entomology. 20:849–856.
   Google Scholar
• Wolstenholme BN. 2010. Alternate bearing in avocado: an overview. Avocado Growers’ Conference, Cairns, 21–25 July 2009. [accessed 2021 September 1]. http://www.avocadosource.com/papers/southafrica_papers/wolstenholmenigel2010.pdf.
   Google Scholar