Elections presidential and parliamentary: Contrasts and connections

Notes

• Butler , David , Penniman , Howard R. and Ranney , Austin , eds. 1981 . “ ‘Electoral Systems’ ” . In Democracy at the Polls: A Comparative Study of Competitive National Elections , 7 Washington D.C. : American Enterprise Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Bean , Louis H. 1948 . How to Predict Elections , New York : Knopf .
   Google Scholar
• Kernell , Samuel . 1977 . ‘Presidential Popularity and Negative Voting: An Alternative Explanation of the Midterm Congressional Decline of the President's Party’ . American Political Science Review , 71 ( 1 ) March : 44 – 66 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , Pierre . 1981 . ‘Le Basculement Electoral de 1981’ . Revue Française de Science Politique , 31 ( 5–6 ) Oct.‐Dec : 1006 1012 ff.
   Google Scholar
• Duverger , Maurice . 1980 . ‘A New Political System Model: Semi‐Presidential Government’ . European Journal of Political Research , 8 ( 2 ) June : 165 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dupeux , Georges . 1960 . “ ‘D'une consultation à l'autre: Les réactions du corps électoral’ ” . In L'Etablissement de la Cinquième République: Le Référendum de Septembre et les Elections de Novembre 1958 , Cahiers de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques, No. 109 125 – 33 . Paris : Colin .
   Google Scholar
• Duverger , Maurice . 1950 . L'Influence des systèmes électoraux sur la vie politique , Paris : Colin .
   Google Scholar
• Lipset , S.M. 1976 . ‘Radicalism in North America: A Comparative View of the Party Systems in Canada and the United States’ . Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada , 14 : 40 4th Series,
   Google Scholar
• Arter , David . 1981 . ‘Kekkonen's Finland: Enlightened Despotism or Consensual Democracy?’ . West European Politics , 4 Oct. : 219 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindman , Sven . 1951 . “ ‘Notes on the Presidential Elections in Finland'’ ” . In Acta Aacademiae Aboensis, Humaniora , Vol. xix , 16 Abo : Abo Akademi . 2
   Google Scholar
• Vylder , Stefan de . 1976 . Allende's Chile: The Political Economy of the Rise and Fall of the Vnidad Popular , 29 Cambridge : University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tingsten , Herbert . 1937 . Political Behavior: Studies in Election Statistics , 225 London : P.S. King .
   Google Scholar
• Runciman , W.G. 1963 . Social Science and Political Theory , 99 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bendix , Reinhard . 1952 . ‘Social Stratification and Political Power’ . American Political Science Review , 46 : 357 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipset , S.M. 1960 . Political Man , 151 London : Heinemann .
   Google Scholar
• O'Lessker , Karl . 1968 . ‘Who Voted for Hitler? A New Look at the Class Basis of Naziism’ . American Journal of Sociology , 74 July : 69
   Google Scholar
• Shively , W. Phillips . 1972 . ‘Party Identification, Party Choice, and Voting Stability: The Weimar Case’ . American Political Science Review , 66 ( 4 ) Dec. : 1215
   Google Scholar
• Sellers , Charles G. Jr. 1965 . ‘The Equilibrium Cycle in Two‐Party Politics’ . Public Opinion Quarterly , 29 Spring : 22
   Google Scholar
• Converse , Philip E. and Dupeux , Georges . 1966 . “ ‘De Gaulle and Eisenhower: The Public Image of the Victorious General’ ” . In Elections and the Political Order , Edited by: Campbell , Angus . 304 New York : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Goebbels , Joseph . 1934 . Vom Kaiserhof zur Reichskanzlei 62 Munich
   Google Scholar
• Pimlott , Ben . 1981 . ‘Portugal—Two Battles in the War of the Constitution’ . West European Politics , 4 ( 3 ) Oct. : 296
   Google Scholar
• 1981 . ‘Comparing Electoral Systems’ . European Journal of Political Research, , 9 ( 3 ) Sept. : 329 – 33 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finer , S.E. 1975 . Adversary Politics and Electoral Reform , Edited by: Finer . 12 London : Anthony Wigram .
   Google Scholar
• Mierlo , Hans J.G.A. van . 1981 . ‘The 1981 Netherlands Election’ . West European Politics , 4 ( 3 ) Oct. : 298
   Google Scholar
• Gudgin , G. and Taylor , P.J. 1979 . Seats, Votes, and the Spatial Organisation of Elections , London : Pion Ltd. .
   Google Scholar
• Mughan , A. 1981 . ‘The Cross‐National Validity of Party Identification: Great Britain and the United States Compared’ . Political Studies , 29 ( 3 ) Sept. : 365 – 75 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler , David and Stokes , Donald . 1969 . Political Change in Britain: Forces Shaping Electoral Choice , 40 London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Pettersen , Per Arnt . 1981 . ‘Identification, Agreement and Government Performance: The Relative Impact on Voting’ . Scandinavian Political Studies , 4 ( 3 ) : 221 – 52 . (New Series),
   Google Scholar
• McLean , Iain . 1980 . Elections , (2nd ed.) , 26 London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Pierce , Roy . 1968, 1973 . French Politics and Political Institutions , 2nd ed. , 214 New York : Harper & Row .
   Google Scholar
• Pierce . 1981 . ‘Left‐Right Perceptions, Partisan Preferences, Electoral Participation, and Partisan Choice in France’ . Political Behavior , 3 ( 1 ) : 117 – 36 .
   Google Scholar