The Long and Winding Road: The US Army Managerial Approach to Command and the Adoption of Mission Command (Auftragstaktik)

Bibliography

• Amidror , Benjamin . 1979 . “ ‘Foreword’ ” . In The Penguin Book of the American Civil War , Edited by: Catton , Bruce . 9 – 61 . Tel Aviv : Ma'arachot . trans. Shimshon Inbal [Hebrew]
   Google Scholar
• Aylwin-Foster , Nigel Brig. 2005 . ‘Changing the Army for Counterinsurgency Operations’ . Military Review , 84 ( 6 ) Nov.–Dec. : 2 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Badsey , Stephen . 2002 . “ ‘Coalition Command in the Gulf War’ ” . In Leadership and Command: The Anglo-American Experience since 1861 , Edited by: Sheffield , G. D. 195 – 216 . London : Brassey's .
   Google Scholar
• Barr , Ronald . 2002 . “ ‘High Command in the United States: The Emergence of a Modern System 1898–1920’ ” . In Leadership and Command: The Anglo-American Experience since 1861 , Edited by: Sheffield , G. D. 57 – 76 . London : Brassey's .
   Google Scholar
• Beaumont , Roger . 1986 . ‘On the Wehrmacht Mystique’ . Military Review , 66 ( 7 ) July : 44 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Beaumont , Roger . 1987 . “ ‘Perspectives on Command and Control’ ” . In Principles of Command and Control , Edited by: Boyes , Jon L. and Andride , S. 1 – 16 . Washington, DC : AFCEA International Press .
   Google Scholar
• Benson , Kevin C.M. 2006 . ‘OIF Phase IV: A Planner's Reply to Brigadier Aylwin-Foster’ . Military Review , 86 ( 2 ) March–April : 61
   Google Scholar
• Blumenson , Martin . 1976 . “ ‘General George S. Patton’ ” . In The War Lords , Edited by: Carver , Michael . 554 – 67 . Boston : Little Brown .
   Google Scholar
• Bolger , P. Daniel . 1993 . “ ‘Maneuver Warfare Reconsidered’ ” . In Maneuver Warfare: An Anthology , Edited by: Hooker , Richard D. Jr . 19 – 41 . Novato, CA : Presidio .
   Google Scholar
• Boot , Max . 2003 . ‘The New American Way of War’ . Foreign Affairs , 82 ( 4 ) July–Aug.
   Google Scholar
• Bowden , Mark . 2004 . “ ‘Foreword’ ” . In Thunder Run: Three Days in the Battle For Baghdad , Edited by: Zucchino , David . xi New York : Grove .
   Google Scholar
• Bronfeld , Saul . 2007 . ‘Fighting Outnumbered: The Impact of the Yom Kippur War on the US Army’ . Journal of Military History , 71 ( 2 ) April : 465 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camp , C. Robert . 2006 . Benchmarking: The Search for Industry Best Practices That Lead to Superior Performance , Portland, OR : Productivity .
   Google Scholar
• Citino , M. Robert . 2005 . The German Way of War: From the Thirty Years War to the Third Reich , Lawrence : UP of Kansas .
   Google Scholar
• Clancy , Tom and Fred , Franks . 2004 . On the Ground in Iraq: Into the Storm, A Study in Command , New York : Berkley .
   Google Scholar
• Connor , M. William . 2002 . ‘Emerging Army Doctrine: Command & Control’ . Military Review , 82 ( 2 ) March–April : 80 – 85 .
   Google Scholar
• Craig , Susan . 2006 . ‘Aylwin-Foster's Critique’ . Military Review , 86 ( 2 ) March–April : 118
   Google Scholar
• Crane , C. Conrad . 2002 . Avoiding Vietnam: The US Army's Response to Defeat in Southeast Asia , Carlisle, PA : US Army War College/Strategic Studies Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 1983 . Fighting Power: German and US Army Performance 1939–1945 , London : Arms & Armour .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 1985 . Command in War , Cambridge, MA : Harvard UP .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 1988 . ‘On Learning From the Wehrmacht and Other Things’ . Military Review , 68 ( 1 ) Jan. : 62 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 1990 . The Training of Officers , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 1991 . Technology and War: From 2000 B.C. to the Present , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van . 2004 . Moshe Dayan , London : Weidenfeld .
   Google Scholar
• Creveld , Martin van , Kenneth , Brower S. and Steven , Canby L. 1994 . Air Power and Maneuver Warfare , Montgomery, ALA : Air UP .
   Google Scholar
• Czega , Huba Wass de . 2006 . “ ‘From Vietnam to the 1991 Gulf War: The Struggle to Get the Doctrine Right Enough’ ” . unpublished monograph
   Google Scholar
• Czega , Huba Wass de and L.D. , Holder . 1982 . ‘The New FM 100-5’ . Military Review , 62 ( 7 ) July : 53 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 100–5 . 1976 . Operations Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 100–5 . 1982 . Operations Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 100–5 . 1986 . Operations Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 100–5 . 1993 . Operations Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 3–0 . 2001 . Operations Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 6–0 . 2003 . Mission Command: Command and Control of Army Forces Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• Dept. of the Army, Field Manual 3–24/ MCWP 3–33.5 . 2006 . Counterinsurgency Washington, DC
   Google Scholar
• DePuy , William . 2004 . Generals Balck and von Mellenthin on Tactics: Implications for NATO Military Doctrine , Munich : Bundeswehr Univ .
   Google Scholar
• Dunn , I II and Richard , J. 1991 . “ ‘From Gettysburg to the Gulf and Beyond: Coping with Revolutionary Technological Change in Land Warfare’ ” . In McNair Paper , Vol. 13 , Washington, DC : Institute for National Strategic Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Dupuy , N. Trevor . 1977 . A Genius for War: The German Army and General Staff 1807–1945 , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Echevarria , J. Antulio . 1986 . ‘Auftragstaktik: In its Proper Perspective’ . Military Review , 66 ( 10 ) Oct. : 50 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Eikemier , C. Dale . 2004 . ‘Centre of Gravity Analysis’ . Military Review , 84 ( 4 ) July–Aug. : 2 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• English , A. John. and Bruce , Gudmundsson I. 1994 . On Infantry , Westport, CT : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Fastabend , A. David . 1987 . ‘The Application of the Commander's Intent’ . Military Review , 67 ( 8 ) Aug. : 60 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Filiberti , J. Edward . 1987 . ‘Command, Control and Commander's Intent’ . Military Review , 67 ( 8 ) Aug. : 54 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Fukuyama , Francis and Shulsky , N. Abram . 1997 . The Virtual Corporation and Army Organization , Santa Monica, CA : RAND .
   Google Scholar
• Gabriel , A. Richard and Savage , Paul L. 1990 . Crises in Command: Mismanagement in the Army , New York : Hill and Wang .
   Google Scholar
• Glenn , W. Russell . 1987 . ‘The Commander's Intent: Keep It Short’ . Military Review , 67 ( 8 ) Aug. : 49 – 53 .
   Google Scholar
• Goldman , O. Emily and Leslie C. , Eliason . 2003 . The Diffusion of Military Technology and Ideas , Stanford : UP .
   Google Scholar
• Goodspeed , Michael . 2002 . When Reason Fails: Portraits of Armies at War– America, Britain and Israel and the Future , Westport, CT : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , R. Michael and Bernard , Trainor E. 1995 . The Generals' War: The Inside Story of the Conflict in the Gulf , New York : Little, Brown .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , R. Michael and Bernard , Trainor E. 2006 . Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq , London : Atlantic .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , S. Colin . 2005 . Another Bloody Century: Future Warfare , London : Weidenfeld .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , S. Colin . 2005 . “ ‘The American Way of War’ ” . In Rethinking the Principles of War , Edited by: McIvor , Antony D. 13 – 40 . Annapolis, MD : US Naval Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Grissom , Adam . 2006 . ‘The Future of Military Innovation Studies’ . Journal of Strategic Studies , 29 ( 5 ) Oct. : 905 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grissom , Adam . 2008 . “ ‘To Digitize an Army: The US Army Force XXI Initiative and the Digital Divide, 1993–2003’ ” . King's College London . PhD dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Hastings , Max . 2004 . Armageddon: The Battle for Germany, 1944–1945 , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Hittle , J. D. 1975 . The Military Staff: Its Origin and Development , Westport, CT : Greenwood .
   Google Scholar
• House , M. Jonathan . 2001 . Combined Arms Warfare in the Twentieth Century , Lawrence : UP of Kansas .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , Daniel . 1986 . ‘Abuses of German Military History’ . Military Review , 66 ( 12 ) Dec. : 66 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , Daniel . 1993 . “ ‘Auftragstaktik’ ” . In International Military Defence Encyclopedia , Edited by: Dupuy , Trevor N. Vol. 1 A–B , 332 London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , Daniel . 1995 . Moltke on the Art of War: Selected Writings , Novato, CA : Presidio .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , E. David . 2004 . Commanding War: The Western Origins of American Military Hierarchy , Santa Monica, CA : RAND .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. John . 1990 . Mission Orders in the United States Army: Is the Doctrine Effective? , Fort Leavenworth : US Army Command and General Staff College .
   Google Scholar
• Kammerer , Jack . “ ‘Preserving Mission-Focused Command and Control’ ” . <www.cgsc.army.mil/milrev>, accessed 29 Sept. 2003
   Google Scholar
• Keithly , M. David and Stephen , Ferris P. 1999 . ‘Auftragstaktik or Directive Control in Joint and Combined Operations’ . Parameters , 89 Autumn : 118 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , Sangho . 1994 . “ ‘Deterrence and the Defence of Central Europe: The British Role from the Early 1980s to the End of the Gulf War’ ” . King's College London . PhD dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Leonhard , R. Robert . 1991 . The Art of Maneuver: Maneuver Warfare Theory and AirLand Battle , Novato, CA : Presidio .
   Google Scholar
• Leonhard , R. Robert . 1994 . Fighting By Minutes: Time and the Art of War , Westport, CT : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Lind , S. William . 1977 . ‘Some Doctrinal Questions to the United States Army’ . Military Review , 57 ( 3 ) March : 54 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Lind , S. William . 1985 . Maneuver Warfare Handbook , Boulder, CO : Westview .
   Google Scholar
• Lind , S. William . 1993 . “ ‘The Theory and Practice of Maneuver Warfare’ ” . In Maneuver Warfare: An Anthology , Edited by: Hooker , Richard D. Jr . 3 – 18 . Novato, CA : Presidio .
   Google Scholar
• Lock-Pullan , Richard . 2005 . ‘The Modern Sources of Manoeuvre Warfare Doctrine’ . British Army Review , 137 Summer : 11 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Lock-Pullan , Richard . 2005 . ‘How to Rethink War: Conceptual Innovation and AirLand Battle Doctrine’ . Journal of Strategic Studies , 28 ( 4 ) Aug. : 679 – 702 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lock-Pullan , Richard . 2006 . US Army Innovation and American Strategic Culture After Vietnam , Abingdon, UK : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Lossow , Walter von . 1977 . ‘Mission-Type Tactics versus Order-Type Tactics’ . Military Review , 57 ( 6 ) June : 87 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Luttwak , N. Edward and S.L. , Canby . ‘Mindset: National Styles in Warfare and the Operational Level of Planning, Conduct and Analysis’ . Washington, DC : C&L Associates . unpublished paper
   Google Scholar
• Macgregor , A. Douglas . 2003 . Transformation Under Fire: Revolutionizing How America Fights , Westport, CT : Praeger .
   Google Scholar
• Macgregor , A. Douglas . “ ‘The Failure of Military Leadership in Iraq, Fire the Generals!’ ” . In Counterpunch! <www.counterpunch.org/macgregor05262006.html>, accessed April 2007
   Google Scholar
• McLamb , S. Joseph . 1997 . ‘The Future of Mission Orders’ . Military Review , 77 ( 5 ) Sept.–Oct. : 71 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Mattis , N. James . 14 Aug. 2008 . Memorandum for US Joint Forces Command , 14 Aug. , Norfolk, VA : Dept. of Defense, US Joint Forces Command .
   Google Scholar
• Morris , F. Rodler . 1996 . Initial Impressions Report: Changing the Army , Fort Leavenworth, KS : Centre for Army Lessons Learned .
   Google Scholar
• Naveh , Shimon . 1997 . In Pursuit of Military Excellence: The Evolution of Operational Theory , London : Frank Cass .
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , Suzanne Christine . 2003 . “ ‘Preparing for War: the Dynamics of Peacetime Military Reform’ ” . Boston : Harvard Univ . PhD dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Ricks , E. Thomas . 2006 . Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq , New York : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Riper , Paul Van . 2006 . Planning for and Applying Military Force: An Examination of Terms , Carlisle, PA : Strategic Studies Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Scales , H. Robert Jr . 1994 . Certain Victory: The US Army in the Gulf War , London : Brassey's .
   Google Scholar
• Simpkin , Richard . 1985 . Race to the Swift: Thoughts on Twenty-First Century Warfare , London : Brassey's .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , Rupert . 2006 . The Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern World , New York : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Storr , Jim . 2003 . “ ‘A Command Philosophy for the Information Age: The Continuing Relevance of Mission Command’ ” . In The Big Issue: Command and Combat in the Information Age , Edited by: Potts , David . 77 – 94 . Washington, DC : CCRP .
   Google Scholar
• Swain , M. Richard . 1994 . Lucky War: Third Army in Desert Storm , Fort Leavenworth, KS : Army Command and General Staff Press .
   Google Scholar
• Terriff , Terry . 2006 . ‘“Innovate or Die”: Organizational Culture and the Origins of Maneuver Warfare in the United States Marines Corps’ . Journal of Strategic Studies , 29 ( 3 ) June : 475 – 503 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TRADOC . Sept. 2009 . “ Army Capstone Concept Draft, Version 2.7 ” . Sept. ,
   Google Scholar
• Vandergriff , Donald . 2002 . The Path to Victory: America's Army and the Revolution of Human Affairs , Novato, CA : Presidio .
   Google Scholar
• Vego , Milan . 2000 . ‘Centre of Gravity’ . Military Review , 80 ( 2 ) March–April : 23 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Wallace , S. William . 2006 . ‘TRADOC Commander, TRADOC Commander's Reply to Brigadier Aylwin-Foster’ . Military Review , 86 ( 2 ) March–April : 117 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Watts , D. Barry . 1996 . Clausewitzian Friction and Future War , Washington, DC : Institute for National Strategic Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Weigley , L. Russell . 1973 . The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy , Bloomington : Indiana UP .
   Google Scholar
• Widder , Werner . 2002 . ‘Auftragstaktik and Innere Führung: Trademarks of German Generalship’ . Military Review , 82 ( 5 ) Sept.–Oct. : 3 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilkins , L. Alan . 1989 . Developing Corporate Character: How to Successfully Change an Organization without Destroying It , San Francisco : Jossey-Bass .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , P. Donald , Timothy , Reese R. and the Contemporary Operations Study Team . 2008 . On Point II: Transition to the New Campaign, The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom May 2003–January 2005 , Fort Leavenworth, KS : Combat Studies Institute Press .
   Google Scholar
• Zucchino , David . 2004 . Thunder Run: Three Days in the Battle for Baghdad , New York : Grove .
   Google Scholar