Bibliography
- Al-Fahd , Hamd Nasir bin . May 2003 . “ ‘Treatise on the Legal Status of Using Weapons of Mass Destruction Against Infidels’ ” . Vol. 6 , May , <http://carnegieendowment.org/static/npp/fatwa.pdf>
- Arberry , J. Arthur . 1955 . The Koran Interpreted, Vol. 2: Suras XXI-CXIV , London : George Allen & Unwin .
- Aylwin-Foster , Nigel Brig . 2005 . ‘Changing the Army for Counterinsurgency Operations’ . Military Review , 84/6 Nov.–Dec. : 2 – 15 .
- Bergen , Peter and Cruickshank , Paul . 2008 . ‘Special report: is Al Qa'ida in pieces?’ . Independent , 22 June
- Betts , K. Richard . 2002 . ‘The Soft Underbelly of American Primacy: Tactical Advantages of Terror’ . Political Science Quarterly , 117/1 : 30 – 31 .
- Biddle , Stephen . 2 April 2008 . “ ‘Stabilizing Iraq from the Bottom Up’ ” . Edited by: Biddle , Stephen . 2 April , Senior Fellow for Defense Policy, Council on Foreign Relations, Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Second Session, 110th Congress .
- ‘Bombing Innocents: IUMS's Statement’, <http://mdarik.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?cid=1121851796919&counsel=fatwa&pagename=IslamOnline-Mobile%2FWapCounselDetailE>
- Clausewitz , Carl von . 2004 . On War, , Edited by: Graham , tr. Col J.J. New York : Barnes & Noble .
- Drabu , Khurshid . 2009 . ‘Minab will help deliver better mosques’ . Guardian , 14 May
- Eisenberg , Daniel . 2003 . ‘The Triple Life of a Qaeda Man’ . Time , 22 June
- Elshtain , Beth Jean . 1992 . Just War Theory , Oxford : Blackwell .
- Evans , Jonathan . 2007 . ‘Intelligence, Counter- Terrorism and Trust: address to the Society of Editors by the Director General of the Security Service / MI5 Jonathan Evans’ . 5 November
- Evans , Michael . 2009 . ‘MI5's spymaster Jonathan Evans comes out of the shadows’ . The Times , 7 January
- Freedman , Lawrence . April 2005 . ‘Strategic Terror and Amateur Psychology’ . Political Quarterly , 76/2 : 161 – 70 .
- Gentile , P. Gian . 2008 . ‘A (Slightly) Better War: A Narrative and Its Defects’ . World Affairs , Summer <www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/slightly-better-war-narrative-and-its-defects>
- Harris , Lee . 2002 . ‘Al Qaeda's Fantasy Ideology: War without Clausewitz’ . Policy Review , 114 : 19–36.
- Hart , Anya Dyke . 2009 . Mosques Made in Britain , London : Quilliam .
- HC 65 . 2010 . Preventing Violent Extremism , London : TSO .
- Mansfield , Laura , ed. 2006 . His Own Words: A Translation of the Writings of Dr. Ayman al Zawahiri , np : TLG Publications .
- Holden , Michael . 2010 . ‘Prominent Muslim to issue anti-terrorism fatwa’ . Reuters AlertNet , 1 March <www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/LDE62025B.htm>
- Howard , Michael . 2002 . ‘What's in a Name? How to Fight Terrorism’ . Foreign Affairs , 81/1 Jan. / Feb. : 8 – 13 .
- Kahn , Herman . 1965 . On Escalation: Metaphors and Scenarios , New York : Praeger .
- Kelsay , John . 1990 . ‘Religion, Morality, and the Governance of War: The Case of Classical Islam’ . The Journal of Religious Ethics , 18 : 123 – 39 .
- Kilcullen , David . 2009 . The Accidental Guerrilla: Fighting Small Wars in the Midst of a Big One , London : Hurst .
- Knopf , W. Jeffrey . April 2010 . ‘The Fourth Wave of Deterrence Research’ . Contemporary Security Policy , 31/1 : 1 – 33 .
- Lawrence , Bruce and Howarth , James . 2005 . Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden , London : Verso .
- Lebovic , H. James . 2007 . Deterring International Terrorism and Rogue States: US National Security Policy after 9/11 , London : Routledge .
- “ ‘London bomber: Text in full’ ” . <http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4206800.stm>, accessed Jan. 2011
- Lupovici , Amir . 2010 . ‘The Emerging Fourth Wave of Deterrence Theory – Toward a New Research Agenda’ . International Studies Quarterly , 54/3 Sept. : 705 – 32 .
- Mosques and Imams National Advisory Board . <www.minab.org.uk/index.php>
- National Intelligence Estimate . April 2006 . “ ‘Trends in Global Terrorism: Implications for the United States’ ” . April , <www.dni.gov/press_releases/Declassified_NIE_Key_Judgments.pdf>
- Neumann , R. Peter and Smith , M. L.R. 2005 . ‘Strategic Terrorism: The Framework and its Fallacies’ . Journal of Strategic Studies , 28/4 Aug. : 571 – 95 .
- Pape , A. Robert . 2003 . ‘The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism’ . American Political Science Review , 97/ ( 3 ) August
- Pew Global Attitudes Project . 2007 . “ ‘Global Unease With Major World Powers’ ” . Washington , DC : The Pew Global Attitudes Project .
- Roberts , Adam and Guelff , Richard . 1982 . Documents on the Laws of War , Oxford : Clarendon .
- 2002 . ‘Saudi Opposition Sheikhs on America, Bin Laden, and Jihad’ . MEMRI Special Dispatch No. 400 , 18 July <www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/700.htm>
- Schelling , C. Thomas . 1960 . The Strategy of Conflict , Cambridge , MA : Harvard UP .
- Shakir , Zaid Imam . “ ‘Islam and the Ethics of War’ ” . <www.newislamicdirections.com/nid/articles/islam_and_the_ethics_of_war/>
- Shaykh-Ul-Islam , Tahir-Ul-Qadri Dr Muhammad . 2010 . Fatwa on Suicide Bombings and Terrorism, , Edited by: Dabbagh , Shaykh Abdul Aziz . London : Minhaj Publications .
- Smith , Gen and Rupert , Sir . 2005 . The Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern Age , London : Allen Lane .
- Smith , M. L.R. 2012 . ‘Escalation in Irregular War: Using Strategic Theory to Examine from First Principles’ . Journal of Strategic Studies , Oct 35/5, 613–37
- Stone , John . 2007 . “ ‘Technology and the Problem of Civilian Casualties in War’ ” . In Technology and Security: Governing Threats in the New Millennium , Edited by: Rappert , Brian . 133 – 51 . Basingstoke , UK : Palgrave Macmillan .
- Strick van Linschoten , Alex and Kuehn , Felix . 2011 . Separating the Taliban from Al-Qa'eda: The Core of Success in Afghanistan , New York : Center on International Cooperation .
- 2004 . The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States , Washington , DC : US Government Printing Office .
- Thomas , Evan . 2003 . ‘Al Qaeda in America: The Enemy Within’ . Newsweek , 23 June
- 2003 . ‘We left out nuclear targets, for now’ . Guardian , 4 March
- 2002 . ‘“Why We Fight America”: Al-Qa'ida Spokesman Explains September 11 and Declares Intentions to Kill 4 Million Americans with Weapons of Mass Destruction’ . MEMRI Special Despatch No.388 , 12 June <http://memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Page=subjects&Area=jihad&ID=SP38802>
- Wilner, Alex S., ‘Deterring the Undeterrable: Coercion, Denial, and Deligitimization in Counterterrorism’, Journal of Strategic Studies 34/1 (Feb. 2011), 3–37