925
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

‘It isn’t over until the fuel cell sings’: A reassessment of the US and French pledges of nuclear assistance in the 1970s

& ORCID Icon

Bibliography

  • Bahbah, Bishara A., ‘The United States and Israel’s Energy Security’, Journal of Palestine Studies 11 (2) (1982), 115. doi:10.2307/2536273
  • Bozo, Frédéric, La Politique Étrangère De La France Depuis 1945, Champs Histoire (Paris: Flammarion 2012).
  • Braut-Hegghammer, Malfrid, Unclear Physics: Why Iraq and Libya Failed to Build Nuclear Weapons (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press 2016).
  • Brenner, Michael J., Nuclear Power and Nonproliferation: The Remaking of U.S. Policy (Cambridge, UK: CUP 1981), 91–92.
  • Burr, William., ‘A Scheme of ‘Control’: The United States and the Origins of the Nuclear Suppliers’ Group, 1974–1976.’, The International History Review 36 (2) (2014), 252–76. doi:10.1080/07075332.2013.864690
  • Cameron, James and Or Rabinowitz, ‘Eight Lost Years? Nixon, Ford, Kissinger and the Non-Proliferation Regime, 1969–1977’, Journal of Strategic Studies (2016), 1–28. doi:10.1080/01402390.2015.1101682
  • Cavanna, Thomas P., ‘Geopolitics over Proliferation: The Origins of US Grand Strategy and Their Implications for the Spread of Nuclear Weapons in South Asia’, Journal of Strategic Studies (2016) 1–28. doi:10.1080/01402390.2016.1184148
  • Clausen, Peter A., Nonproliferation and the National Interest (NewYork, NY: Harper Collins 1993), 127–54.
  • Cohen, Avner, Israel and the Bomb (New York: Columbia University Press 1998), 207.
  • Fuhrmann, Matthew and Spreading Temptation, ‘Proliferation and Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation Agreements’, International Security 34 (1) ( Summer 2009), 7–41. doi:10.1162/isec.2009.34.1.7
  • Fuhrmann, Matthew. Atomic Assistance : How “Atoms for Peace” Programs Cause Nuclear Insecurity. Cornell Studies in Security Affairs (Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press 2012).
  • Gavin, Francis J., ‘Strategies of Inhibition: U.S. Grand Strategy, the Nuclear Revolution, and Nonproliferation’, International Security (2015) 40 (1), 34–35.
  • Gerzhoy, Gene, ‘Alliance Coercion and Nuclear Restraint: How the United States Thwarted West Germany's Nuclear Ambitions’, International Security 39 (4) ( Spring 2015), 91–129. doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00198
  • Golan, Matti, The Secret Conversations of Henry Kissinger (NewYork: Quadrangle 1976), 214–16.
  • Gray, William Glenn, ‘Commercial Liberties and Nuclear Anxieties: The Us-German Feud over Brazil, 1975–7’, The International History Review 34 (3) (2012), 462, 465. doi:10.1080/07075332.2012.675221
  • Gregory, Barbara M., ‘Egypt’s Nuclear Program: Assessing Supplier-Based And Other Developmental Constraints’, Nonproliferation Review 3 (1) ( Fall 1995), 20–27. doi:10.1080/10736709508436603
  • Hymans, Jacques E. C. Achieving Nuclear Ambitions: Scientists, Politicians and Proliferation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2012).
  • Hymans, Jacques E. C. ’Botching the Bomb: Why Nuclear Weapons Programs Often Fail on Their Own—And Why Iran’s Might, Too’, Foreign Affairs, May/Jun.. 2012.
  • Jang, Se Young, ‘The Evolution of US Extended Deterrence and South Korea’s Nuclear Ambitions’, Journal of Strategic Studies 39 (4) (2016), 502–20. doi:10.1080/01402390.2016.1168012
  • Jones, Rodney W., Cesare Merlini, Joseph F. Pilat, and William C. Potter, The Nuclear Suppliers and Nonproliferation: International Policy Choices (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books 1984), 67.
  • Khan, Feroz Hassan, Eating Grass: The Making of the Pakistani Bomb (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press 2013), 132.
  • Kroenig, Matthew, ‘Exporting the Bomb: Why States Provide Sensitive Nuclear Assistance’, American Political Science Review 103 (1) (February 2009), 113–33. doi;10.1017/S0003055409090017
  • Kroenig, Matthew. Exporting the Bomb: Technology Transfer and the Spread of Nuclear Weapons. Cornell Studies in Security Affairs (Ithaca NY: Cornell University Press 2010).
  • Le Guelte, Georges, Histoire De La Menace Nucléaire (Paris: Hachette 1997).
  • Levey, Zach., ‘The United States, Israel, and Nuclear Desalination: 1964–1968’, Diplomatic History 39 (5) (2014), 904–25. doi:10.1093/dh/dhu014
  • Miller, Judith, ‘U.S. Pact Allows Egyptians to Buy 2 Atom Reactors’, New York Times, 30 Jun. 1981.
  • Miller, Nicholas L., ‘Nuclear Dominoes: A Self-Defeating Prophecy?’, Security Studies 23 (1) (2014), 33–73. doi:10.1080/09636412.2014.874189
  • Miller, Nicholas L., ‘The Secret Success of Nonproliferation Sanctions’, International Organization 68 (4) ( Fall 2014), 914–44. doi:10.1017/S0020818314000216
  • Montgomery, Alexander H., ‘Stop Helping Me, When Nuclear Assistance Impedes Nuclear Programs’, Chapter 7. in Adam N. Stulberg and Matthew Fuhrmann (eds.), The Nuclear Renaissance and International Security (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press 2013), 177–201.
  • Pelopidas, Benoît, ‘French Nuclear Idiosyncrasy: How It Affects French Nuclear Policies Towards the United Arab Emirates and Iran’, Cambridge Review of International Affairs 25 (Mar 2012), 143–69. doi:10.1080/09557571.2011.647763
  • Pollack, Jonathan D. and Mitchell B. Reiss, ‘South Korea: The Tyranny of Geography and the Vexations of History’, in Kurt M. Campbell, Robert J. Einhorn and Mitchell B. Reiss (eds.), The Nuclear Tipping Point: Why States Reconsider Their Nuclear Choices (Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press 2005), 263.
  • Pouponneau, Florent, ‘Les Changements De La Polique Française D’exportation Nucléaires (1974-1976): Un Triple Double Jeu’, Critique Internationale 58 (1) (2013), 112–13. doi:10.3917/crii.058.0095
  • Pouponneau, Florent and Frédéric Mérand, ‘Diplomatic Practices, Domestic Fields, and the International System: Explaining France’s Shift on Nuclear Nonproliferation’, International Studies Quarterly 61 (1) (2017), 123–135.
  • Rabinowitz, Or and Nicholas L Miller, ‘Keeping the Bombs in the Basement’, International Security 40 (1) (2015), 47–86. doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00207
  • Robert J. Einhorn, chapter 4. ‘Egypt’, in Kurt M. Campbell, Robert J. Einhorn, Mitchell B. Reiss, (eds.), The Nuclear Tipping Point, Why States Reconsider Their Nuclear Choices (Washington DC: The Brookings institution 2004), 51.
  • Rublee, Maria Rost, ‘Egypt’s Nuclear Weapons Program’, The Nonproliferation Review 13 (3) (2006), 555–67. doi:10.1080/10736700601071637
  • Schneider, Mycle, Nuclear France Abroad: History, Status and Prospects of French Nuclear Activities in Foreign Countries (Paris: Centre for International Governance Innovation 2009).
  • Scott Kemp, R., ‘The Nonproliferation Emperor Has No Clothes’, International Security 38 (4) ( Spring 2014), 39–78. doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00159
  • Smith, Terence “Nixon Promises Long Term Help for the Israelis“, New York Times 18 Jun., 1974.
  • Swango, Dane, ‘The United States and the Role of Nuclear Co-Operation and Assistance in the Design of the Non-Proliferation Treaty’, International History Review 36 (2) (2014), 210–29. doi:10.1080/07075332.2013.866152
  • Tanner, Henry, “Nixon and Sadat Sign Sweeping Accord on Cooperation”, New York Times, 15 Jun. 1974.
  • Tertrais, Bruno, ‘France and Nuclear Non-Proliferation: From Benign Neglect to Active Promotion’, in Olav Njolstad (ed.), Nuclear Proliferation and International Order: Challenges to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (New York: Routledge 2011), 217–26.
  • Tzeng, Peter, ‘Nuclear Leverage: U.S. Interventions in Sensitive Technology Transfers in the 1970s’, Nonproliferation Review 20 (3) (2013), 473–92. doi:10.1080/10736700.2013.852783
  • Walker, J. Samuel, ‘Nuclear Power and Nonproliferation: The Controversy over Nuclear Exports, 1974-1980’, Diplomatic History 25 (2) (2001), 215–49. doi:10.1111/diph.2001.25.issue-2
  • Zarate, Robert, The Non-Use and Abuse of Nuclear Proliferation Intelligence in the Cases of North Korea and Iran. Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. <http://www.npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1195&tid=4>

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.