The interwar army and mechanization: The American approach

Notes

• Blumenson , Martin . 1986 . “ ‘The Battle of Kasserine Pass 30 Jan.‐22 Feb. 1943’ ” . In America's First Battles, 1776–1965 , Edited by: Stoft , William A. and Heller , Charles E. UP of Kansas .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger , Timothy K. 1969 . ‘The World War I Experience’ . Armor , 78 ( 1 ) Jan.‐Feb. : 47 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , Dale E. 1989 . Treat ‘Em Rough: The Birth of American Armor, 1917–1920 , 73 – 87 . Novata, CA : Presido Press . Ch.V,
   Google Scholar
• Gill . 1921 . ‘Value of Tanks in Action’ . Infantry Journal , 18 ( 3 ) March : 248 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger , Timothy K. 1969 . ‘The Tank Corps Reorganized’ . Armor , 78 ( 2 ) March‐Apr. : 34 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson . Treat ‘Em Rough 223 – 4 .
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer , Charles M. 1959 . “ ‘The Development of the US Armored Force’ ” . 73 Univ. of Maryland . MA thesis unpubl.
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger . “ ‘The Tank Corps Reorganized’ ” . 35 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer . “ ‘Development of the Armored Force’ ” . 73 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• 1955 . The Ordnance Department: Planning Munitions for War , 189 Washington DC : Office of Chief of Military History, Dept. of the Army, Washington DC .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson . Treat ‘Em Rough 226 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger . “ ‘The Tank Corps Reorganized’ ” . 36
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer . “ ‘Development of the Armored Force’ ” . 75
   Google Scholar
• Baily . 1988 . Faint Praise: The Story of United States Tank Destroyer During World War II , 28 Hamden, CT : Archon Books .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson . Treat ‘Em Rough 227 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Baily . Faint Praise 28
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin Green . Planning Munitions 189
   Google Scholar
• Hart's , Liddell . 1925 . Paris, or the Future of War , NY : E. P. Dutton .
   Google Scholar
• 1936 . Memoirs of an Unconventional Soldier , 319 – 41 . London : Ivor, Nicholson & Watson .
   Google Scholar
• de Gaulle , Charles . 1941 . Army of the Future , 99 – 152 . NY : J. B. Lippincott . orig. publ. 1934),
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher , Allen Maj. “ ‘Present Developments of Mechanized Forces By Major Military Powers, and Respective Doctrines As to Their Roles’ ” . 28
   Google Scholar
• Hanson Gillie , Mildred . 1947 . Forging the Thunderbolt: A History of the Development of the Armored Force , 22 Harrisburg, PA : Military Service Publ. .
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer . “ ‘Development of the Armored Forces’ ” . 81 – 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Connor , William D. Maj. Gen. 12 March 1930 . “ ‘The Mission and Composition of a Mechanized Force’ ” . 12 March , 3 5 – 6 . Washington, DC : paper written for Adjt. Gen. .
   Google Scholar
• 19 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘The Status of Mechanized Combat Organization’ ” . 19 Sept. , 4
   Google Scholar
• Luvaas , Jay . 1964 . The Education of an Army: British Military Thought, 1815–1940 , 328 Univ. of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , Liddell . Paris, or the Future of War 71 – 3 .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger . “ ‘World War I Experience’ ” . 51 (note 2),
   Google Scholar
• Wilson . Treat ‘Em Rough 181 – 2 . 204 209 211 (note 3),
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee , R. Lt. Col. Adna. 19 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘The Status of the Mechanized Combat Organization and the Desired Trend in the Future’ ” . G‐3 Course No.12 19 Sept. , 9 Washington, DC : Lecture at US Army War College . (note 3),
   Google Scholar
• Connor . “ ‘Mission and Composition ” . 8 – 9 . (note 12),
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee , Adna R. Lt. Col. 12 Dec. 1930 . “ ‘Mechanization in the Army’ ” . 12 Dec. , 3
   Google Scholar
• Parker . 20 March 1928 . “ ‘A Mechanized Force’ ” . 20 March , 7 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• 1932 . The British Way of Warfare 246 – 7 . London
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . 19 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘The Status of . . .’ ” . 19 Sept. , 9 11
   Google Scholar
• Parker . “ ‘A Mechanized Force’ ” . 7 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Connor . “ ‘The Mission and Composition’ ” . 20 – 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Parker . “ ‘A Mechanized Force’ ” . 12 (note 16),
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . 19 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘The Status of . . .’ ” . 19 Sept. , 13 17
   Google Scholar
• Parker . “ ‘A Mechanized Force’ ” . 10 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . 19 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘The Status of. . . ‘ ” . 19 Sept. , 10 – 11 . 13
   Google Scholar
• Parker . “ ‘A Mechanized Force’ ” . 15 19
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . “ ‘The Status of ...’ ” . 6
   Google Scholar
• 12 Sept. 1929 . “ ‘Status of . . . ‘ ” . 12 Sept. , 11 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger , Timothy K. 1969 . ‘The Experimental Mechanized Forces’ . Armor , 78 ( 3 ) May‐June : 34 38 33 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Summerall , Charles Gen. 1931 . ‘New Developments in Warfare’ . Cavalry Journal , 40 ( 163 ) Jan.‐Feb. : 8 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Fletcher , Allen Maj. 1 March 1931 . “ ‘Present Developments of Mechanized Forces’ ” . 1 March , 31 – 3 . US Army War College . (Memo, to the Comdt.,
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , Arthur Capt. 1931 . ‘With the Mechanized Force on Maneuvers’ . Cavalry Journal , 40 ( 166 ) July‐Aug. : 5
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger , Timothy K. “ ‘The Experimental Mechanized Forces’ ” . 38
   Google Scholar
• Gillie . Forging the Thunderbolt 37 – 8 . (note 11),
   Google Scholar
• Wilson . “ ‘With the Mechanized Force’ ” . 7
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger . “ ‘Experimental Mechanized Force’ ” . 39
   Google Scholar
• 1931 . ‘Mechanized Force Becomes Mechanized Cavalry’ . Cavalry Journal , 40 ( 165 ) May‐June : 5 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Oulahan , Robert V. 18 May 1931 . “ ‘Mechanized Army Will Retain Horse’ ” . 18 May ,
   Google Scholar
• Cruttwell , C. R. M. F. 1934 . A History of the Great War , 407 – 8 . Oxford : OUP .
   Google Scholar
• Ellis , John . 1978 . Cavalry: The History of Mounted Warfare , 174 – 8 . Edinburgh : Westbridge Books .
   Google Scholar
• Nenninger . “ ‘The Experimental Mechanized Forces’ ” . 35
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer . “ ‘Development of the US Armored Force’ ” . 104 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• 1971 . Tank Warfare: A History of Tanks in Battle , 129 – 31 . London : Rupert‐Hart‐Davis .
   Google Scholar
• Clayton James , D. 1970 . The Years of MacArthur, Vol.1 1880–1941 , 459 – 61 . Boston : Houghton Miflin . argues in
   Google Scholar
• Hawkins , Hamilton S. Brig. Gen. 1931 . ‘Cavalry and Mechanized Forces’ . Cavalry Journal , 40 ( 167 ) Sept.‐Oct. : 19 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Patton , George S. Maj. 1933 . ‘Mechanized Forces’ . Cavalry Journal , 42 ( 179 ) Sept.‐Oct. : 6 – 7 . 5 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• 1934 . ‘The Cavalry Maneuvers at Fort Riley, Kansas, 1934’ . Cavalry Journal , 43 ( 4 ) July‐Aug. : 13 5 – 15 .
   Google Scholar
• Saunders , Oswald Maj. 18 Sept. 1933 . “ ‘Status of Mechanization‐1933’ ” . 18 Sept. ,
   Google Scholar
• Lecture at the US Army War College . Washington, DC. pp. 5 G‐3 Course . No.5,
   Google Scholar
• 1931 . ‘Mechanized Force Becomes Cavalry’ . Cavalry Journal , 42 ( 165 ) May‐June : 6
   Google Scholar
• Scott , C. L. Col. 1938 . ‘Mechanized Cavalry Operating With Other Arms’ . Presented to the Brigade Officers’ Tactical School . Jan. 14 1938 . pp. 5
   Google Scholar
• Palmer , Bruce Col. 1936 . ‘The 2nd Army Maneuvers’ . Cavalry Journal , 46 ( 6 ) Nov.‐Dec. : 469 461 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , Truman Maj. 15 July 1936 . “ ‘The German Light Tank Company (A Unit of the Armored (Panzer) Regiment)’ ” . MID Report No.14779 15 July , 4 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , Truman Maj. 7 April 1938 . “ ‘The German Armored Division’ ” . MID Report No.15,827 7 April , 39
   Google Scholar
• Smith , Truman Maj. 24 Nov. 1937 . “ ‘The Panzer Division’ ” . MID Report No.15596 24 Nov. , 14
   Google Scholar
• Smith . “ ‘The German Light Tank Company’ ” . 4 – 5 . 17 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith . “ ‘The Panzer Division’ ” . 14
   Google Scholar
• Guderian , Heinz Maj. Gen. 1937 . ‘Armored Forces’, Pt.1 . Infantry Journal , 44 ( 5 ) July‐Aug. : 418 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , Truman Maj. 15 June 1937 . “ ‘The Schuetzcr Regiment’ ” . MID Report No.15,343 15 June ,
   Google Scholar
• Smith . 8 Feb. 1937 . “ ‘The Divisional Anti‐Tank Battalion’ ” . MID Report No. 15,310 8 Feb. , 10
   Google Scholar
• Smith . 15 Oct. 1935 . “ ‘German Anti‐Tank Units and Tactics’ ” . MID Report No.14,336 15 Oct. , 13
   Google Scholar
• Sears , Hayden A. Capt. Mechanization Abroad: A Conference Pertaining to the Mechanization of Foreign Armies Given to the Brigade Officers’ Tactical School 15
   Google Scholar
• Willoughby , Charles Col. 1939 . Maneuver in War , 192 – 4 . Military Service Publ. .
   Google Scholar
• Foster , I. L. Capt. 21 March 1938 . “ ‘Defense of Mechanized Units’ ” . 21 March , 1 Memorandum for the Asst. Comdt., Army War College . Appendix A,
   Google Scholar
• 1939–40 . Tank Combat Principles (Tentative) , 4 Ft. Benning, GA : Infantry School Manual .
   Google Scholar
• Sears . Mechanization Abroad. 15
   Google Scholar
• Schell , Adolf von Maj. 1936 . ‘Anti‐tank Defense’ . Infantry Journal , 43 ( 4 ) July‐Aug. : 342 – 3 . 339 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• 1937 . ‘Armored Forces’, Pt.2 . Infantry Journal , 44 ( 5 ) Nov.‐Dec. : 527 522 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• von Schell . “ ‘Anti‐tank Defense’ ” . 343 – 4 .
   Google Scholar
• Nehring , Walter Lt. Col. 25 June 1936 . “ ‘Tank Defense’ ” . In Militar Wisserschaftliche Rundschau , MID Report No.14757 Edited by: Smith , Truman Maj. 25 June , 7 – 8 . MID 2281‐B‐66, Record Gp.165, Entry 65, Box 115, NA
   Google Scholar
• Guderian . “ ‘Armored Forces’ ” . 421 Pt.1, (note 51),
   Google Scholar
• Smith . 3 Aug. 1937 . “ ‘The German Light Tank Company: A Unit of the Armored (Panzer)Divi‐sion’ ” . MID Report No.15,426 3 Aug. , (revision of No.14,479),
   Google Scholar
• Van Voorhis , Daniel Brig. Gen. 1937 . ‘Mechanization’ . Address at the US Army War College . Oct. 13 1937 , Washington, DC. pp. 14 17
   Google Scholar
• Burr , W. E. 5 Oct. 1938 . “ ‘Changes to Tactical Employment of Infantry’ ” . 5 Oct. , 3 – 4 . Ft. Leavenworth, KS : Command and General Staff School .
   Google Scholar
• Ladd , J. A. Lt. Col. 1 May 1938 . “ ‘Tank Doctrine’ ” . 1 May , 2 Asst. Cmndt. of the Army War College . Memo, to the
   Google Scholar
• 1939–1940 . Tank Combat Principles (Tentative) , 4 Ft. Ben‐ning, GA : Infantry School .
   Google Scholar
• 1935 . Maj. ‘Knutson Boltz’, ‘Development of Tank Tactics, 1937–39’ . Infantry Journal , 42 ( 4 ) July‐Aug. : 329 331 327 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Nelson , G. M. Lt. 1934 . ‘Tank Platoon Tactics’ . Infantry Journal , 41 ( 6 ) Nov.‐Dec. : 436 – 8 . No.6,
   Google Scholar
• Ladd . 1 May 1938 . “ ‘Tank Doctrine’ ” . 1 May , 5 Army War College . USAMHI
   Google Scholar
• 1937 . ‘Truck Tactics’ . Infantry Journal , 44 ( 6 ) Nov.‐Dec. : 505 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Voorhis , Daniel Brig. Gen. 22 April 1938 . General Van Voorhis’ Comments on the War Department Directive Defining Mechanization , 22 April , 1 – 3 . Brigade Officers’ Tactical School .
   Google Scholar
• Van Voorhis . 13 Oct. 1937 . Questions and Answers Regarding General Van Voorhis’ War College Lecture 13 Oct. , 5 Ft. Knox, KY
   Google Scholar
• Van Voorhis . 22 April 1938 . General Van Voorhis’ Comments on the War Department Directive Defining Mechanization , 22 April , 1 – 2 . Brigade Officers’ Tactical School .
   Google Scholar
• Crittenberger . 1938 . ‘Mechanized Cavalry’ . Conference at the Engineer School . Nov. 17 1938 , Fort Belvoir, VA. pp. 5 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . 1939 . ‘Mechanized Cavalry’ . Lecture at the US Army War College . Sept. 29 1939 , Washington, DC. pp. 28
   Google Scholar
• Chaffee . 29 Sept. 1939 . “ ‘Mechanized Cavalry’ ” . 29 Sept. , 11 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Shuffer . “ ‘Development of the Armored Force’ ” . 157 (note 4),
   Google Scholar
• Gillie . Forging the Thunderbolt 147 169 (note 11),
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , Palmer and Wiley . ‘The Organization of the Ground Combat Troops’ . U.S. Army in World War II , 56
   Google Scholar
• Grow . Ten Lean Years 76 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Magruder , Bruce Maj. Gen. 4 March 1941 . “ ‘The Armored Division’ ” . Conference No.3 4 March , 1 – 2 . First Armored Division .
   Google Scholar
• Magruder . “ ‘The Armored Division’ ” . 2 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Gabel , Christopher Dr. Sept. 1985 . “ ‘Seek, Strike, and Destroy: US Tank Destroyer Doctrine in World War II’ ” . In Leavenworth Papers, No.12 , Sept. , 13 24 – 6 . Ft. Leavenworth : Combat Studies Inst., US Army Command and Gen. Staff College .
   Google Scholar
• Weigley . Eisenhower's Lieutenants 8 – 31 . Ch.2,
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , Roberts and Wiley . ‘Organization of the Ground Combat Troops’ . U.S. Army in World War II , 56 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Gabel . “ ‘Seek, Strike, and Destroy’ ” . 33 – 6 .
   Google Scholar