919
Views
19
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

How appropriate are volunteers as 'appropriate adults' for young suspects? The 'appropriate adult' system and human rights

Pages 383-400 | Published online: 09 Dec 2010

REFERENCES

  • Audit Commission (1996) Misspent Youth, London: Audit Commission.
  • Bean, P. (1997) 'Awareness of the appropriate adult', Justice of the Peace and Local Government 161(15): 355-6.
  • Bratby, L. (1998) 'Exclusion zone', Police Review, 14 August: 16-17.
  • Brown, D. (1997) PACE ten years on: a review of the research (Home Office Research Study No. 155), London: HMSO.
  • Brown, D., Effis, T. and Larcombe, K. (1992) Changing the Code: Police Detention under the Revised PACE Codes of Practice (Home Office Research Study No. 129), London: HMSO.
  • Carlen, P. and Powell, M. (1979) 'Professionals in the Magistrates' courts: the courtroom lore of probation officers and social workers', in H. Parker (ed.) Social Work and the Courts, London: Edward Arnold, pp. 97-116.
  • CCETSW (1996) Assuring Quality in the Diploma in Social Work -- 1: Rules and requirements for the DipSW, London: CCETSW.
  • Choongh, S. (1997) Policing as Social Discipline, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Colvin, M. (1999) Fair Trial Issues (Paper presented at One-Day Conference 'Human Rights and Criminal Justice: Implications for Practitioners of the Human Rights Act 1998', London Probation Headquarters).
  • CRC (1995) Concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (15/02/95. CRC/C/15/Add.34) at http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/MasterFrameView/e87b264bf8f93686cl2563410058285c?Opendocument.
  • Davis Smith, J. (1998) National Survey of Volunteering, London: The National Centre for Volunteering.
  • Department of Health (1994) The UK's First Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, London: HMSO.
  • Department of Health (1997) A review of the functions of the Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work: A report to UK sponsoring ministers, Wetherby: Department of Health.
  • Department of Health (1998) Modernising Social Services, Cm 4169, London: TSO.
  • Department of Health (1999) The UK's Second Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, London: TSO.
  • Dixon, D. (1990) 'Young person suspects and the Police and Criminal Evidence Act', in D. Freestone (ed.) Children and the law: essays in honour of Professor H. K. Bevan, Hull: Hull University Press.
  • Dixon, D., Bottomley, K., Coleman, C., Gill, M. and Wall, D. (1990). 'Safeguarding the rights of suspects in police custody' Policing and Society 1: 115.
  • Evans, R. (1993) The Conduct of Police interviews with Young People (Royal Commission on Criminal Justice Research Study No. 8), London: HMSO.
  • Evans, R. and Rawstorne, S. (1994) The Protection of Vulnerable Suspects (A report to the Home Office Research and Planning Unit), unpublished as cited by Brown, D. (1997) PACE ten years on: a review of the research (Home Office Research Study No. 155), London: HMSO.
  • Evans, R. and Rawstome, S. (1997) 'Appropriate behaviour', Community Care 17-23 July: 30-1.
  • Fisher, Sir H. (1977) Report of an Inquiry by the Hon. Sir Henry Fisher into the circumstances leading to the trial of three persons on charges arising out of the death of Maxwell Confait and the fire at 27 Doggett Road, London SE6, London: HMSO.
  • Gill, M. L. and Mawby, R. I. (1990) Volunteers in the Criminal Justice System, Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
  • Health Committee (1998) Children Looked After by Local Authorities (Second Report), London: TSO.
  • Hodgson, J. (1997) 'Vulnerable suspects and the appropriate adult', Criminal Law Review November: 785-95.
  • Home Office (1995) Appropriate adults: Report of Review Group, London: HMSO.
  • Home Office (1997) New National and Local Focus on Youth Crime, London: Home Office Communication Directorate.
  • Home Office (1998a) Inter-departmental circular on establishing Youth Offending Teams (22.12.98) at http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/cdact/yotcirc. htm.
  • Home Office (1998b) Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System, London: Research, Development and Statistics Directorate.
  • Hyder, K. (1989) 'The blackboard bungle', Police Review 97(12 May): 958-9.
  • Irving, B. L. and McKenzie, I. (1989) Police Interrogation: the Effects of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, London: Police Foundation.
  • JUSTICE (1998) Under Surveillance: Covert Policing and Human Rights Standards, London: JUSTICE.
  • Lituechild, B. (1998) 'An end to 'inappropriate adults'?' Childright 144: 8-9.
  • Mirrlees-Black, C. and Budd, T. (1997) Policing and the Public: Findings from the 1996 British Crime Survey (Home Office Research and Statistics Directorate Research Findings No. 60), London: Home Office.
  • Nemitz, T. and Bean, P. (1998) 'The effectiveness of a volunteers appropriate adult Scheme' Medicine, Science and the Law 38(3): 251-7.
  • Pearson, G. (1983) Hooligan: A History of Respectable Fears, London: Macmillan.
  • Phillips, C. and Brown, D. (1998) Entry into the Criminal Justice Survey: A Survey of Police Arrests and their Outcomes (Home Office Research Study No. 185), London: Home Office.
  • Pierpoint, H. (1998) 'Contact between the police and the young suspect in England and Wales', in Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences (ed.) The Future of Children's Rights, Geneva: University of Geneva, pp. 30-40 (Collection of papers from Children's Rights Network Conference 1997, University of Geneva).
  • Pierpoint, H. (1999) 'Appropriate practice? Young suspects rights under UNCRC', Childright 162: 8-10.
  • Robertson, G., Pearson, R. and Gibb, R. (1996). Police interviewing and the use of appropriate adults. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry 7(2): 297-309.
  • Royal Commission on Criminal Procedure (1981) Chairman: Sir Cyril Philips. Report. Cmnd. 8092. London: HMSO.
  • Royal Commission on Criminal Justice (1993) Chairman: Viscount Runcimanof Doxford CBE FBA. Cmnd. 22363. Report. London: HMSO.
  • Sanders, A., Bridges, L., Mulvaney, A. and Crazier, G. (1989) Advice and Assistance at Police Stations and the 24 hour Duty Solicitor Scheme, London: Lord Chancellor's Department.
  • Sanders, A. and Young, R. (1994) Criminal Justice, London: Butterworths.
  • Smith, A. (1997) 'Is anything better than nothing', in BASW (ed.) Appropriate Adults and Vulnerable Groups in Custody, Birmingham: BASW, pp. 1-17 (Collection of papers from one-day conference).
  • Thomas, T. (1995) "The continuing story of the "appropriate adult"', Howard Journal 34(2): 151-7.
  • Wyld, N. and Mendoza, L. (1999) 'Children's law review', Legal Action October: 11-15.
  • Yeo, H. (1998) "The appropriate adult scheme: youth enquiry service, Plymouth', Youth Access 6 (June 1998): 11-13.
  • Zander, M. (1995) The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, London: Sweet and Maxwell.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.