1,138
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Gendered segmented assimilation: earnings trajectories of African immigrant women and men

&
Pages 216-234 | Received 17 Mar 2016, Accepted 26 Oct 2017, Published online: 24 Nov 2017

References

  • Alba, Richard D. 1988. “Cohorts and the Dynamics of Ethnic Change.” In Social Structures and Human Lives, edited by Matilda Riley, 211–228. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Alba, Richard, and Victor Nee. 2003. Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Arthur, John A. 2009. African Women Immigrants in the United States: Crossing Transnational Borders. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Avalos, Manuel. 1996. “Gender Inequality: Sorting Out the Effects of Race/Ethnicity and Gender in the Anglo Male-Latino Female Earnings Gap.” Sociological Perspectives 39 (4): 497–515. doi: 10.2307/1389419
  • Bean, Frank D., Susan K. Brown, and Ruben G. Rumbaut. 2006. “Mexican Immigrant Political and Economic Incorporation.” Perspectives on Politics 4 (2): 309–313. doi: 10.1017/S1537592706060221
  • Borch, Casey, and Mamadi K. Corra. 2010. “Differences in Earnings Among Black and White African Immigrants in the United States, 1980–2000: A Cross-sectional and Temporal Analysis.” Sociological Perspectives 53 (4): 573–592. doi: 10.1525/sop.2010.53.4.573
  • Boyd, Monica. 1984. “At a Disadvantage: The Occupational Attainment of Foreign Born Women in Canada.” International Migration Review 18 (4): 1091–1119. doi: 10.1177/019791838401800410
  • Butcher, Kristin F. 1994. “Black Immigrants in the United States: A Comparison with Native Blacks and Other Immigrants.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review 47 (2): 265–284. doi: 10.1177/001979399404700207
  • Capps, Randy, Kristen McCabe, and M. Fix. 2012. Diverse Streams: Black African Migration to the United States. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
  • Chiswick, Barry R. 1978. “The Effect of Americanization on the Earnings of Foreign-born Men.” Journal of Political Economy 86: 897–921. doi: 10.1086/260717
  • Collins, Patricia H. 1990. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge.
  • Corra, Mamadi K., and Casey Borch. 2014. “Socioeconomic Among Blacks in America: Over Time Trends.” Race and Social Problems 6: 103–119. doi: 10.1007/s12552-014-9114-5
  • Corra, Mamadi K., and Sitawa R. Kimuna. 2009. “Double Jeopardy? Female African and Caribbean Immigrants in the United States.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 35 (6): 1015–1035. doi: 10.1080/13691830902957767
  • Cotter, David A., Joan M. Hermsen, and Reeve Vanneman. 1999. “Systems of Gender, Race, and Class Inequality: Mutlilevel Analyses.” Social Forces 78 (2): 433–460. doi: 10.1093/sf/78.2.433
  • Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1989. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics.” University of Chicago Legal Forum 14: 538–554.
  • Djamba, Yanyi K., and Sitawa R. Kimuna. 2012. “The Labor Force Participation and Earnings Gap among African Immigrant Women in the U.S.A.” International Migration & Integration 13 (4): 481–501.
  • Dodoo, F. Nii-Amoo. 1997. “Assimilation Differences among Africans in America.” Social Forces 76 (2): 527–546. doi: 10.1093/sf/76.2.527
  • Dodoo, F. Nii-Amoo, and Baffour K. Takyi. 2002. “Africans in the Diaspora: Black-White Earnings Differences among America’s Africans.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 25 (6): 913–941. doi: 10.1080/0141987022000009377
  • Donato, Katherine M., Bhumika Piya, and Anna Jacobs. 2014. “The Double Disadvantage Reconsidered: Gender, Immigration, Marital Status, and Global Labor Force Participation in the 21st Century.” International Migration Review 48 (1): S335–S376. doi: 10.1111/imre.12142
  • Elo, Irma T., Elizabeth Frankenberg, Romeo Gansey, and Duncan Thomas. 2015. “Africans in the American Labor Market.” Demography 52 (5): 1513–1542. doi: 10.1007/s13524-015-0417-y
  • Gans, Herbert J. 1973. More Equality. New York: Panteon Books.
  • Gans, Herbert J. 1992. “Second-Generation Decline: Scenarios for the Economic and Ethnic Futures of the Post-1965 American Immigrants.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 15 (2): 173–192. doi: 10.1080/01419870.1992.9993740
  • Greenman, Elizabeth, and Yu Xie. 2008. “Double Jeopardy? The Interaction of Gender and Race on Earnings in the United States.” Social Forces 86 (3): 1217–1244. doi: 10.1353/sof.0.0008
  • Kent, Mary M. 2007. “Immigration and America’s Black Population.” Population Bulletin 62 (4): 1–16.
  • Kollehlon, Konia T., and Edward E. Eule. 2003. “The Socioeconomic Attainment Patterns of African in the United States.” The International Migration Review 37 (4): 1165–1190. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00174.x
  • Kposowa, Augustine J. 2002. “Human Capital and the Performance of African Immigrants in the U.S. Labor Market.” Western Journal of Black Studies 26 (3): 175–183.
  • Model, Suzanne, and David Ladipo. 1996. “Context and Opportunity: Minorities in London and New York.” Social Forces 75 (2): 485–510. doi: 10.1093/sf/75.2.485
  • Moore, Ami R., and Foster K. Amey. 2002. “Earnings Differentials Among Male African Immigrants in the United States.” Equal Opportunities International 21 (8): 30–50. doi: 10.1108/02610150210787244
  • Myers, Dowell, and Cynthia J. Cranford. 1998. “Temporal Differences in the Occupational Mobility of Immigrant and Native-born Latina Workers.” American Sociological Review 63 (1): 68–93. doi: 10.2307/2657478
  • Nawyn, Stephanie J. 2012. “Racial Differences in the Tempo of Assimilation for White and Black African-born Men in the United States.” Ìrìnkèrindò: A Journal of African Migration 6: 69–90.
  • Nawyn, Stephanie J., and Linda Gjokaj. 2014. “The Magnifying Effect of Privilege: Earnings Inequalities at the Intersection of Gender, Race, and Nativity.” Feminist Formations 26 (2): 85–106. doi: 10.1353/ff.2014.0015
  • Niedert, Lisa J., and Reynolds Farley. 1985. “Assimilation in the United States: An Analysis of Ethnic and Generation Differences in Status and Achievement.” American Sociological Review 50 (6): 840–850. doi: 10.2307/2095507
  • Park, Julie, Stephanie J. Nawyn, and Megan J. Benetsky. 2015. “Feminized Intergenerational Mobility Without Assimilation? Post-1965 U.S. Immigrants and the Gender Revolution.” Demography 52 (5): 1601–1626. doi: 10.1007/s13524-015-0423-0
  • Portes, Alejandro, and Ruben G. Rumbaut. 2006. Immigrant America: A Portrait. 3rd ed.Oakland: University of California Press.
  • Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. 1993. “The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and Its Variants Among Post-1965 Immigrant Youth.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530 (November): 74–96. doi: 10.1177/0002716293530001006
  • Ruggles, Steven, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, Catherine A. Fitch, Ronald Goeken, Patricia K. Hall, Miriam King, and Chad Ronnander. 2008. Instegrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 4.0 [Machine-readable database]. Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center [producer and distributor]. http://usa.ipums.org/usa/
  • Stewart, Quincy T., and Jeffrey C. Dixon. 2010. “Is It Race, Immigrant Status, or Both? An Analysis of Wage Disparities Among Men in the United States.” International Migration Review 44 (1): 173–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2009.00802.x
  • Sullivan, Teresa A. 1984. “The Occupational Prestige of Women Immigrants: A Comparison of Cubans and Mexicans.” International Migration Review 18 (4): 1045–1062. doi: 10.1177/019791838401800408
  • Thomas, Kevin J.A., and Ikubolajeh Logan. 2012. “African Female Immigration to the United States and its Policy Implications.” Canadian Journal of African Studies 46 (1): 87–107.
  • Zhou, Min. 1997. “Segmented Assimilation: Issues, Controversies, and Recent Research on the Second Generation.” International Migration Review 31 (4): 975–1008. doi: 10.1177/019791839703100408
  • Zinn, Maxine B., and Bonnie T. Dill. 1996. “Theorizing Difference from Multicultural Feminism.” Feminist Studies 22: 321–333. doi: 10.2307/3178416

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.