References
- Ajrouch, K. 2004. “Gender, Race, and Symbolic Boundaries: Contested Spaces of Identity among Arab American Adolescents.” Sociological Perspectives 47 (4): 371–391.
- Banfi, E., M. Gianni, and M. Giugni. 2016. “Religious Minorities and Secularism: An Alternative View of the Impact of Religion on the Political Values of Muslims in Europe.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 42 (2): 292–308.
- Bloom, P. B. N., and G. Arikan. 2013. “Religion and Support for Democracy: A Cross-National Test of the Mediating Mechanisms.” British Journal of Political Science 43 (2): 375–397.
- Bozorgmehr, M. 1997. “Internal Ethnicity: Iranians in Los Angeles.” Sociological Perspectives 40 (3): 387–408.
- Branscombe, N. R., M. T. Schmitt, and R. D. Harvey. 1999. “Perceiving Pervasive Discrimination among African Americans: Implications for Group Identification and Well-Being.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77 (1): 135.
- Braun, R. 2016. “Religious Minorities and Resistance to Genocide: the Collective Rescue of Jews in the Netherlands During the Holocaust.” American Political Science Review 110 (1): 127–147.
- Diehl, C., M. Koenig, and K. Ruckdeschel. 2009. “Religiosity and Gender Equality: Comparing Natives and Muslim Migrants in Germany.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 32 (2): 278–301.
- Dommelen, A. van, K. Schmid, M. Hewstone, K. Gonsalkorale, and M. Brewer. 2015. “Construing Multiple Ingroups: Assessing Social Identity Inclusiveness and Structure in Ethnic and Religious Minority Group Members.” European Journal of Social Psychology 45 (3): 386–399.
- Donà, G., and J. W. Berry. 1994. “Acculturation Attitudes and Acculturative Stress of Central American Refugees.” International Journal of Psychology 29 (1): 57–70.
- Engbersen, G., L. Bakker, M. B. Erdal, and Ö Bilgili. 2014. “Transnationalism in a Comparative Perspective: An Introduction.” Comparative Migration Studies 2 (3): 255–260.
- Erman, T., and E. Göker. 2000. “Alevi Politics in Contemporary Turkey.” Middle Eastern Studies 36 (4): 99–118.
- Evans, G., and A. Need. 2002. “Explaining Ethnic Polarization Over Attitudes Towards Minority Rights in Eastern Europe: A Multilevel Analysis.” Social Science Research 31 (4): 653–680.
- Fokkema, T., and H. De Haas. 2015. “Pre-and Post-Migration Determinants of Socio-Cultural Integration of African Immigrants in Italy and Spain.” International Migration 53 (6): 3–26.
- Fukuyama, F. 2006. “Identity, Immigration, and Liberal Democracy.” Journal of Democracy 17 (2): 5–20.
- Ghorashi, H. 2010. “From Absolute Invisibility to Extreme Visibility: Emancipation Trajectory of Migrant Women in the Netherlands.” Feminist Review 94 (1): 75–92.
- Giuliani, C., M. G. Olivari, and S. Alfieri. 2017. “Being a “Good” son and a “Good” Daughter: Voices of Muslim Immigrant Adolescents.” Social Sciences 6 (4): 142.
- Glas, S., N. Spierings, and P. Scheepers. 2018. “Re-Understanding Religion and Support for Gender Equality in Arab Countries.” Gender & Society 32 (5): 686–712.
- Grigoriadis, I. N. 2006. “Political Participation of Turkey’s Kurds and Alevis: A Challenge for Turkey’s Democratic Consolidation.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies 6 (4): 445–461.
- Hoksbergen, H., and J. Tillie. 2016. Eurislam Codebook Survey-data (WP-III).
- Horsti, K. 2008. “Europeanisation of Public Debate: Swedish and Finnish News on African Migration to Spain.” Javnost-The Public 15 (4): 41–53.
- Huntington, S. P. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Itzigsohn, J., and S. Giorguli-Saucedo. 2005. “Incorporation, Transnationalism, and Gender: Immigrant Incorporation and Transnational Participation as Gendered Processes.” International Migration Review 39 (4): 895–920.
- Kavli, H. C. 2015. “Adapting to the Dual Earner Family Norm? The Case of Immigrants and Immigrant Descendants in Norway.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (5): 835–856.
- Kieser, H. L. 2001. The Alevis’ Ambivalent Encounter with Modernity: Islam, Reform and Ethnopolitics in Turkey (19th-20th cc.). Anthropology, Archaeology and Heritage in the Balkans and Anatolia or The Life and Times of FW Hasluck (1878-1920), University of Wales.
- Koopmans, R. 2015. “Religious Fundamentalism and Hostility Against out-Groups: A Comparison of Muslims and Christians in Western Europe.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (1): 33–57.
- Kose, T. 2013. “Between Nationalism, Modernism and Secularism: The Ambivalent Place of ‘Alevi Identities’.” Middle Eastern Studies 49 (4): 590–607.
- Le Espiritu, Y. 2001. “We Don't Sleep Around Like White Girls do”: Family, Culture, and Gender in Filipina American Lives.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 26 (2): 415–440.
- Lu, X. 2019. “Identity Construction among Twice-Minority Immigrants: A Comparative Study of Korean-Chinese and Uyghurs in the United States.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2019.1577725
- Martinovic, B., and M. Verkuyten. 2016. “Inter-Religious Feelings of Sunni and Alevi Muslim Minorities: The Role of Religious Commitment and Host National Identification.” International Journal of Intercultural Relations 52: 1–12.
- Min, P. G. 2013. “The Attachments of New York City Caribbean Indian Immigrants to Indian Culture, Indian Immigrants and India.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 39 (10): 1601–1616.
- Norris, P., and R. F. Inglehart. 2012. “Muslim Integration into Western Cultures: Between Origins and Destinations.” Political Studies 60 (2): 228–251.
- Pessin, L., and B. Arpino. 2018. “Navigating between Two Cultures: Immigrants’ Gender Attitudes Toward Working Women.” Demographic Research 38: 967.
- Roccas, S., and M. B. Brewer. 2002. “Social Identity Complexity.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 6 (2): 88–106.
- Röder, A. 2014. “Explaining Religious Differences in Immigrants’ Gender Role Attitudes: The Changing Impact of Origin Country and Individual Religiosity.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 37 (14): 2615–2635.
- Röder, A., and P. Mühlau. 2014. “Are They Acculturating? Europe's Immigrants and Gender Egalitarianism.” Social Forces 92 (3): 899–928.
- Saeed, S. 2007. “Pakistani Nationalism and the State Marginalisation of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan.” Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 7 (3): 132–152.
- Scheible, J. A., and F. Fleischmann. 2013. “Gendering Islamic Religiosity in the Second Generation: Gender Differences in Religious Practices and the Association with Gender Ideology among Moroccan-and Turkish-Belgian Muslims.” Gender & Society 27 (3): 372–395.
- Spierings, N. 2015. “Gender Equality Attitudes among Turks in Western Europe and Turkey: The Interrelated Impact of Migration and Parents’ Attitudes.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 41 (5): 749–771.
- Spierings, N. 2019. “The Multidimensional Impact of Islamic Religiosity on Ethno-Religious Social Tolerance in the Middle East and North Africa.” Social Forces 97 (4): 1693–1730.
- Statham, P., R. Koopmans, M. Giugni, and F. Passy. 2005. “Resilient or Adaptable Islam? Multiculturalism, Religion and Migrants’ Claims-Making for Group Demands in Britain, the Netherlands and France.” Ethnicities 5 (4): 427–459.
- Tajfel, H., and J. Turner. 1979. An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations (pp. 33–47). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
- Te Lindert, A., H. Korzilius, F. J. Van de Vijver, S. Kroon, and J. Arends-Tóth. 2008. “Perceived Discrimination and Acculturation among Iranian Refugees in the Netherlands.” International Journal of Intercultural Relations 32 (6): 578–588.
- Trieu, M. M. 2013. “The Role of Premigration Status in the Acculturation of Chinese–Vietnamese and Vietnamese Americans.” Sociological Inquiry 83 (3): 392–420.
- Turner, J. C., M. A. Hogg, P. J. Turner, and P. M. Smith. 1984. “Failure and Defeat as Determinants of Group Cohesiveness.” British Journal of Social Psychology 23: 97–111.
- Van Tubergen, F. 2006. Immigrant Integration: A Cross-National Study. New York: LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC.
- Van Tubergen, F., I. Maas, and H. Flap. 2004. “The Economic Incorporation of Immigrants in 18 Western Societies: Origin, Destination, and Community Effects.” American Sociological Review 69 (5): 704–727.
- Verkuyten, M., M. Maliepaard, B. Martinovic, and Y. Khoudja. 2014. “Political Tolerance among Muslim Minorities in Western Europe: The Role of Denomination and Religious and Host National Identification.” Politics and Religion 7 (2): 265–286.
- Verkuyten, M., and B. Martinovic. 2012. “Immigrants’ National Identification: Meanings, Determinants, and Consequences.” Social Issues and Policy Review 6 (1): 82–112.
- Verkuyten, M., and A. A. Yildiz. 2009. “Muslim Immigrants and Religious Group Feelings: Self-Identification and Attitudes among Sunni and Alevi Turkish-Dutch.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 32 (7): 1121–1142.
- Ward, C., and A. Rana-Deuba. 1999. “Acculturation and Adaptation Revisited.” Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 30 (4): 422–442.
- Zaman, M. Q. 1998. “Sectarianism in Pakistan: The Radicalization of Shi‘i and Sunni Identities.” Modern Asian Studies 32 (3): 689–716.
- Zimmermann, L., K. F. Zimmermann, and A. Constant. 2007. “Ethnic Self-Identification of First-Generation Immigrants.” International Migration Review 41 (3): 769–781.