References
- Alba Richard 1990 Ethnic Identity: The Transformation of White America New Haven, CT Yale University Press
- Barrett James Roediger David 1997 ‘In-between peoples: race, nationality and the “new immigrant” working class’ Journal of American Ethnic History 16 3 44
- Bell Joyce Hartmann Douglas 2007 ‘Diversity in everyday discourse: the cultural ambiguities and consequences of “happy talk”’ American Sociological Review 72 895 914
- Bobo Lawrence 1998 ‘Race, interests, and beliefs about affirmative action: unanswered questions and new directions’ American Behavioral Scientist 41 985 1003
- Bobo Lawrence Kluegel James 1997 ‘Status, ideology, and dimensions of whites’ racial beliefs and attitudes: progress and stagnation’ Steven A. Tuch Jack A. Martin Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change Westport, CT Praeger Publishers 93 120
- Bonilla-Silva Eduardo 2001 White Supremacy and Racism in the Post-Civil Rights Era Boulder, CO Lynne Rienner Publishers
- Bonilla-Silva Eduardo 2006 Racism without Racism: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Inequality in the United States Lanham, MD Rowan and Littlefield
- Brodkin Karen 1998 How Jews Became White Folks and What that Says about Racism in America New Brunswick, NJ Rutgers University Press
- Carr Leslie G. 1997 Color-Blind Racism Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications
- Cornell Stephen Hartmann Douglas 2007 Ethnicity and Race: Making Identities in a Changing World , 2nd Edn Thousand Oaks, CA Pine Forge Press
- Delgado Richard Stefanic Jean 1997 Critical White Studies: Looking Behind the Mirror Philadelphia, PA Temple University Press
- Di Leonardo Micaela 1999 ‘Why can't they be like our grandparents?’ Adolf Reed Jr Without Justice for All: The New Liberalism and Our Retreat from Racial Equality Boulder, CO Westview
- Ditomaso Nancy Parks-Yancy Rochelle Post Corinne 2003 ‘White views of civil rights: color blindness and equal opportunity’ Ashley W. Doane Eduardo Bonilla-Silva White Out: The Continuing Significance of Racism New York Routledge 189 98
- Doane Ashley W. 2003 ‘Rethinking Whiteness Studies’ Ashley W. Doane Eduardo Bonilla-Silva White Out: The Continuing Significance of Racism New York Routledge 3 18
- Edgell Penny Gerteis Joseph Hartmann Douglas 2006 ‘Atheists as “Other”: moral boundaries and cultural membership in American society’ American Sociological Review 71 211 34
- Feagin Joe O'brien Eileen 2003 White Men on Race: Power, Privilege, and the Shaping of Cultural Consciousness Boston, MA Beacon Press
- Frankenberg Ruth 1993 White Women, Race Matters Minneapolis, MN University of Minnesota Press
- Gallagher Charles 2003 ‘Playing the ethnic race card: using ethnic identity to deny contemporary racism’ Ashley W. Doane Eduardo Bonilla-Silva White Out: The Continuing Significance of Racism New York Routledge 145 58
- Gans Herbert 1979 ‘Symbolic ethnicity: the future of ethnic groups and cultures in America’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 2 1 20
- Glazer Nathan 1997 We Are All Multiculturalists Now Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press
- Glazer Nathan Moynihan Daniel P. 1963 Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians, and Irish of New York City Cambridge, MA MIT Press
- Guglielmo Thomas A. 2003 White on Arrival: Italians, Race, Color, and Power in Chicago, 1890–1945 New York Oxford University Press
- Hansen Marcus Lee 1938 ‘The third generation in America’ Commentary 14 492 500
- Hartigan John Jr 1999 Racial Situations: Class Predicaments of Whiteness in Detroit Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press
- Hartmann Douglas Gerteis Joseph Croll Paul R. 2009 ‘An empirical assessment of whiteness theory: hidden from how many?’ Social Problems 56 403 24
- Hirshman Charles 1983 ‘America's melting pot reconsidered’ Annual Review of Sociology 9 397 423
- Hyde Cheryl 1995 ‘The meanings of whiteness’ Qualitative Sociology 18 87 95
- Ignatiev Noel 1995 How the Irish Became White New York Routledge
- Jacobson Matthew Frye 1998 Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press
- Jacobson Matthew Frye 2006 Roots Too: White Ethnic Revival in Post-Civil Rights America Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press
- Kinder Donald Sanders Lynn 1996 Divided by Color: Racial Politics and Democratic Ideals Chicago, IL University of Chicago Press
- Lieberson Stanley 1985 ‘Unhyphenated whites in the United States’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 8 159 80
- Lieberson Stanley Waters Mary C. 1986 ‘Ethnic groups in flux: the changing responses of American whites’ Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 487 79 91
- Lieberson Stanley Waters Mary C. 1988 From Many Strands: Ethnic and Racial Groups in Contemporary America New York Russell Sage Foundation
- Lieberson Stanley Waters Mary C. 1993 ‘The ethnic responses of whites: what causes their instability, simplification, and inconsistency?’ Social Forces 72 421 50
- Lipsitz George 1998 The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity Politics Philadelphia, PA Temple University Press
- McDermott Monica Samson Frank 2005 ‘White racial and ethnic identity in the United States’ Annual Review of Sociology 31 254 61
- Perry Pamela 2001 ‘White means never having to say you're ethnic: white youth and the construction of “cultureless” identities’ Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 30 56 91
- Sniderman Paul M. Carmines Edward G. 1997 Reaching Beyond Race Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press
- Sniderman Paul M. Piazza Thomas 1993 The Scar of Race Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press
- Steinberg Stephen 1981 The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America Boston, MA Beacon
- Twine France Winddance Gallagher Charles 2008 ‘Introduction: The future of whiteness: a map of the “third wave”’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 31 4 24
- Waters Mary C. 1990 Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America Berkeley, CA University of California Press
- Weber Max 1922 Economy and Society New York Bedminster Press
- Winant Howard 1997 ‘Behind blue eyes: whiteness and contemporary US racial politics’ Michelle Fine Lois Weis Linda C. Powell L. Mun Wong Off White: Readings on Race, Power, and Society New York Routledge