Prospects for quantifying structure, floristic composition and species richness of tropical forests

References

• Bierregaard , R. O. Jr , Lovejoy , T. E , Kapos , V , Dos Santos , A. A and Hutchings , R. W . 1992 . The biological dynamics of tropical rain forest fragments . Bioscience , 42 : 859 – 866 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair , J. B , Rabine , D. L and Hofton , M. A . 1999 . The laser vegetation imaging sensor: a medium-altitude, digitisation-only, airborne laser altimeter for mapping vegetation and topography . ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing , 54 : 115 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budowski , G . 1965 . Distribution of tropical forest species in light of successional processes . Turriabla , 15 : 40 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Bullock , S. H . 2000 . Development patterns of tree dimensions in a Neotropical deciduous forest . Biotropica , 32 : 42 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , D. A , Brown , S , Kicklighter , D. W , Chambers , J. Q , Thomlinson , J. R , Ni , J and Holland , E. A . 2001 . Net primary production in tropical forests: an evaluation and synthesis of existing field data . Ecological Applications , 11 : 371 – 384 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochrane , M. A . 2000 . Using vegetation reflectance variability for species level classification of hyperspectral data . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 21 : 2075 – 2087 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Condit , R . 1995 . Research in large, long-term tropical forest plots . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 10 : 18 – 22 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foody , G. M and Curran , P. J . 1994 . Estimation of tropical forest extent and regenerative stages using remote sensing data . Journal of Biogeography , 21 : 223 – 244 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franklin , S. E , Hall , R. J , Moskal , L. M , Maudie , A. J and Lavigne , M. B . 2000 . Incorporating texture into classification of forest species composition from airborne multispectral images . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 21 : 61 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentry , A. H . 1988 . Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , 75 : 1 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillespie , T. W . 1999 . Life history characteristics and rarity of woody plants in tropical dry forest fragments of Central America . Journal of Tropical Ecology , 15 : 637 – 649 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillespie , T. W and Walter , H . 2001 . Distribution of bird species richness at a regional scale in tropical dry forest of Central America . Journal of Biogeography , 28 : 1 – 12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halle F Oldeman R. A Tomilison P. B 1978 Tropical Trees and Forests (Berlin: Springer-Verlag)
   Google Scholar
• Herwitz , S. R , Slye , R. E and Turton , S . 2000 . Long-term survivorship and crown area dynamics of tropical rain forest canopy trees . Ecology , 81 : 585 – 597 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hyypa J 2000 Feasibility for estimation of a single tree characteristics using laser scanner Proceedings of International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 24–28 July 2000, Honolulu, Hawaii, p. 3
   Google Scholar
• Jensen J. R 2000 Remote Sensing of the Environment (Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall)
   Google Scholar
• Key , T , Warner , T. A , McGraw , J. B and Fajvan , M. A . 2001 . A comparison of multispectral and multitemporal information in high spatial resolution imagery for classification of individual tree species in a temperate hardwood forest . Remote Sensing of Environment , 75 : 100 – 112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krabill , W , Fredick , E , Manizade , S , Martin , C , Sonntag , J , Thomas , R , Wright , W and Yungul , J. K . 1999 . Rapid thinning of parts of the southern Greenland ice sheet . Science , 283 : 1522 – 1524 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurance W. F Bierregaard R. O 1997 Tropical Forest Remnants (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)
   Google Scholar
• Lee , D. W and Graham , R . 1986 . Leaf optical properties of rainforest sun and extreme shade plants . American Journal of Botany , 73 : 1100 – 1108 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefsky , M. A , Cohen , W. B , Acker , S. A , Parker , G. G , Spies , T. A and Harding , D . 1999a . Lidar remote sensing of the canopy structure and biophysical properties of douglas-fir western hemlock forests . Remote Sensing of Environment , 70 : 339 – 361 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefsky , M. A , Harding , D , Cohen , W , Parker , G and Shugart , H . 1999b . Surface lidar remote sensing of basal area and biomass in deciduous forests of Eastern Maryland, USA . Remote Sensing of Environment , 67 : 83 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lefsky , M. A , Cohen , W. B , Parker , G. G and Harding , D . 2002 . Lidar remote sensing for ecosystems studies . Bioscience , 52 : 19 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malhi , Y and Grace , J . 2000 . Tropical forest and atmospheric carbon dioxide . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 15 : 332 – 337 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , M. E and Aber , J. D . 1997 . High spectral resolution remote sensing of forest canopy lignin, nitrogen, and ecosystem processes . Ecological Applications , 7 : 431 – 443 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGraw , J. B , Warner , T. A , Key , T. L and Lamar , W. L . 1998 . High spatial resolution remote sensing of forest trees . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 13 : 300 – 301 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Means , J. E , Acker , S. A , Harding , D. J , Blair , J. B , Lefsky , M. A , Cohen , W. B , Harmon , M. E and McKee , W. A . 1999 . Use of large-footprint scanning airborne lidar to estimate forest stand characteristics in the western cascades of Oregon . Remote Sensing of Environment , 67 : 298 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Means , J. E , Acker , S. A , Fitt , B. J , Renslow , M , Emerson , L and Hendrix , C. J . 2000 . Predicting forest stand characteristics with airborne scanning lidar . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 66 : 1367 – 1371 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers , B. J and Benson , M. L . 1981 . Rainforest species on large-scale colour photos . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 47 : 505 – 513 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers , N , Mittermeier , R. A , Mittermeier , C. G , Da Fonseca , G. A and Kent , J . 2000 . Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities . Nature , 403 : 853 – 858 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , R , Oderwald , R and Gregoire , T. G . 1997 . Separating the ground and airborne laser sampling phase to estimate tropical forest basal area, volume, and biomass . Remote Sensing of Environment , 60 : 311 – 326 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , R , Jimenez , J , Schnell , C , Hartshorn , G , Gregoire , T and Oderwald , R . 2000 . Canopy height models and airborne lasers to estimate forest biomass: two problems . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 21 : 2153 – 2162 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nepstad , D. C , Verissimo , A , Alencar , A , Nobres , C , Lima , E , Lefebre , P , Schlessinger , P , Potter , C , Moutinho , P , Mendoza , E , Cochrane , M and Brooks , V . 1999 . Large-scale impoverishment of Amazonian forest by logging and fire . Nature , 398 : 505 – 508 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilsson , M . 1996 . Estimation of tree heights and stand volume using an airborne lidar system . Remote Sensing of Environment , 56 : 1 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien , S. T , Hubbell , S. P , Spiro , P and Foster , R. B . 1995 . Diameter, height, crown, and age relationships in eight Neotropical tree species . Ecology , 76 : 1926 – 1939 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persson , A , Holmgren , J and Soderman , U . 2002 . Detecting and measuring individual trees using an airborne laser scanner . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 68 : 925 – 932 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips , O. L , Malhi , Y , Higuchi , N , Laurance , W. F , Nunez , P. V , Vasquez , R. M , Laurance , S. G , Ferreira , L. V , Stren , M , Brown , S and Grace , J . 1998 . Changes in carbon balance of tropical forests: evidence from long-term plots . Science , 282 : 439 – 442 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price , J. C . 1994 . How unique are spectral signatures? . Remote Sensing of Environment , 49 : 181 – 186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steininger , M. K . 2000 . Satellite estimation of tropical secondary forest above-ground biomass: data from Brazil and Bolivia . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 21 : 1139 – 1157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treitz , P. M and Howarth , P. J . 1999 . Hyperspectral remote sensing for estimating biophysical parameters of forest ecosystems . Progress in Physical Geography , 23 : 359 – 390 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , I. M . 1996 . Species loss in fragments of tropical rain forest: a review of the evidence . Journal of Applied Ecology , 33 : 200 – 209 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , I. M and Corlett , R. T . 1996 . The conservation value of small, isolated fragments of lowland tropical rain forest . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 11 : 330 – 333 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weishampel , J. F , Ranson , K. J and Harding , D. J . 1996 . Remote sensing of forest canopies . Selbyana , 17 : 6 – 14 .
   Google Scholar
• Weishampel , J. F , Blair , J. B , Dubayah , R , Clark , D. B and Knox , R. G . 2000a . Canopy topography of an old-growth tropical rain forest landscape . Selbyana , 21 : 79 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Weishampel , J. F , Blair , J. B , Knox , R. G , Dubayah , R and Clark , D. B . 2000b . Volumetric lidar return patterns from old-growth tropical rain forest canopy . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 21 : 409 – 415 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitmore T. C 1997 Tropical forest disturbance, disappearance, and species loss In Tropical Forest Remnants edited by W. F. Laurance and R. O. Bierregaard (Chicago: University of Chicago Press), pp. 3–12
   Google Scholar
• Wulder , M , Niemann , K. O and Goodenough , D. G . 2000 . Local maximum filtering for the extraction of tree locations and basal area from high spatial resolution imagery . Remote Sensing of Environment , 73 : 103 – 114 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar