Mapping soil moisture in the central Ebro river valley (northeast Spain) with Landsat and NOAA satellite imagery: a comparison with meteorological data

References

• Albertson , J. D and Montaldo , N . 2003 . Temporal dynamics of soil moisture variability: 1. Theoretical basis . Water Resources Research , 39 : Art. No. 1274
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandrov , V. A and Hoogenboom , G . 2000 . The impact of climate variability and change on crop yield in Bulgaria . Agricultural and Forest Meteorology , 104 : 315 – 327 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascaso , A and Casals , M . 1981 . Periodos secos y sequías en la depresión del Ebro . Geographicalia , 11 : 55 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Blyth , E . 2002 . Modelling soil moisture for a grassland and a woodland site in south-east England . Hydrology and Earth System Sciences , 6 : 39 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrough P. A McDonnell R. A 1998 Principles of Geographical Information Systems (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
   Google Scholar
• Carlson , T. N . 1986 . Regional-scale estimates of surface moisture availability and thermal inertia using remote thermal measurements . Remote Sensing Reviews , 1 : 197 – 247 .
   Google Scholar
• Carlson , T. N , Gillies , R. R and Perry , E. M . 1994 . A method to make use of thermal infrared temperature and NDVI measurements to infer soil water content and fractional vegetation cover . Remote Sensing Reviews , 52 : 45 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Carlson , T. N , Gillies , R. R and Schmugge , T. J . 1995 . An interpretation of methodologies for indirect measurement of soil water content . Agricultural and Forest Meteorology , 77 : 191 – 205 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chávez , P. S . 1988 . An improved dark-object substraction technique for atmospheric scattering correction of multispectral data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 24 : 459 – 479 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHE (Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro) 2002 http://www.chebro.es
   Google Scholar
• Che , N and Price , J. C . 1992 . Survey of radiometric calibration results and methods for visible and near infrared channels of NOAA-7, -9 and -11 AVHRRs . Remote Sensing of Environment , 41 : 19 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhury , B. J . 1991 . Multispectral satellite data in the context of land surface heat balance . Reviews on Geophysics , 29 : 217 – 236 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhury , B. J , Ahmed , N. U , Idso , S. B , Reginato , R. J and Daughtru , C. S. T . 1994 . Relation between evaporation coefficients and vegetation indices studied by model simulations . Remote Sensing of Environment , 50 : 1 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chuvieco E 2003 Teledetección ambiental (Madrid: Ariel Ciencia)
   Google Scholar
• Cocero D RiaÑo D Chuvieco E 2000 Estimación de la humedad de diferentes especies vegetales mediterráneas mediante distintos sensores de teledetección In Tecnologías Geográficas para el Desarrollo Sostenible (Alcalá: Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Alcalá), pp. 200–221
   Google Scholar
• Coll , C , Caselles , V , Sobrino , J. A and Valor , E . 1994 . On the atmospheric dependence of the split-window equation for land surface temperature . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 15 : 105 – 122 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cracknell , A. P and Xue , Y . 1996 . Thermal inertia determination from space (a tutorial review) . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 17 : 431 – 461 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Creus J 2001 Las sequías en el valle del Ebro In Causas y consecuencias de las sequías en España, edited by A. Gil Olcina and A. Morales Gil (Alicante: Universidad de Alicante), pp. 231–260
   Google Scholar
• Crist , E. P and Cicone , R. C . 1984 . A physically-based transformation of thematic mapper data—the TM Tasseled Cap . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 22 : 256 – 263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CSIC 1970 Mapas de suelos de las provincias de Zaragoza, Huesca y Logroño. Instituto de Edafología y agrobiología José Ma Albareda, Madrid, Spain
   Google Scholar
• Cuadrat J. M 1999 El clima de Aragón (Zaragoza, Spain: CAI)
   Google Scholar
• Davenport , M. L and Nicholson , S. E . 1993 . On the relation between rainfall and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for diverse vegetation types in East Africa . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 14 : 2369 – 2389 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downing T. E 1996 Climate Change and World Food Security. NATO ASI Series. Series I: Global Environmental Change 37 (Berlin: Springer)
   Google Scholar
• Dupigny-Giroux , L. A and Lewis , J. E . 1999 . A moisture index for surface characterization over a semiarid area . Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , 65 : 937 – 945 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eltahir , E. A. B . 1998 . A soil moisture-rainfall feedback mechanism . Water Resources Research , 34 : 765 – 776 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florisnsky , I. V , Kulagina , T. B and Meshalkina , J. L . 1994 . Influence of topography on landscape radiation temperature distribution . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 15 : 3147 – 3153 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foody , G. M . 1991 . Soil moisture content ground data for remote sensing investigations of agricultural regions . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 12 : 1461 – 1469 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foody G. M Curran J. P 1994 Scale and environmental remote sensing In Environmental Remote Sensing from Regional to Global Scales, edited by G. M. Foody and P. J. Curran (New York: Wiley), pp. 223–232
   Google Scholar
• FranÇois , C . 2002 . The potential of directional radiometric temperatures for monitoring soil and leaf temperature and soil moisture status . Remote Sensing of Environment , 80 : 122 – 133 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galantowicz , J. F , Entekhabi , D and Njoku , E. G . 2000 . Estimation of soil-type heterogeneity effects in the retrieval of soil moisture from radiobrightness . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 38 : 312 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillies , R. R and Carlson , T. N . 1995 . Thermal remote sensing of surface soil water content with partial vegetation cover for incorporation into climate models . Journal of Applied Meteorology , 34 : 745 – 756 .
   Google Scholar
• Gillies , R. R , Carlson , T. N , Cui , J , Kustas , W. P and Humes , K. S . 1997 . A verification of the triangle method for obtaining surface soil water content and energy fluxes from remote measurements of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and surface radiant temperature . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 18 : 3145 – 3166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goward , S. N , Cruickshanks , G. D and Hope , A. S . 1985 . Observed relation between thermal emission and reflected spectral radiance of a complex vegetated landscape . Remote Sensing of Environment , 48 : 1 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Gutman , G . 1991 . Vegetation indices from AVHRR data: an update and future prospects . Remote Sensing of Environment , 35 : 121 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutman , G. G . 1999 . On the monitoring of land surface temperatures with the NOAA/AVHRR: removing the effect of satellite orbit drift . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 20 : 3407 – 3413 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutman , G and Ignatov , A . 1995 . Global land monitoring from AVHRR: potential and limitations . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 16 : 2301 – 2309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guttman , N. B . 1999 . Accepting the Standardized Precipitation Index: a calculation algorithm . Journal of the American Water Resources Association , 35 : 311 – 322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair J. F Anderson R. E Tatham R. L Black W. C 1998 Multivariate Data Analysis (New York: Prentice Hall)
   Google Scholar
• Hawke , R. M and McConchie , J. A . 2003 . Variability of in situ moisture measurements and implications for modeling hillslope processes . Environmental Engineering Geoscience , 9 : 213 – 223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holben , B. N , Kaufman , Y and Kendall , J . 1990 . NOAA-11 AVHRR visible and near-IR in-flight calibration . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 : 1511 – 1519 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Justice , C. O , Eck , T. F , Tauré , D and Holben , B. N . 1991 . The effect of water vapour on the normalized difference vegetation index derived for the Sahelian region from NOAA-AVHRR data . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 12 : 1165 – 1187 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan , F . 2001 . Operational space technology for global vegetation assessment . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , 82 : 1949 – 1964 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan , F and Zhu , X . 2001 . Evolution of long-term errors in NDVI time series: 1985–1999 . Advances in Space Research , 28 : 149 – 153 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshmi , V . 2000 . A simple surface temperature assimilation scheme for use in land surface models . Water Resources Research , 36 : 3687 – 3700 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshmi , V , Jackson , T. J and Zehrfuhs , D . 2003 . Soil moisture–temperature relationships: results from two field experiments . Hydrological Processes , 17 : 3041 – 3057 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambin , E. F and Ehrlich , D . 1996 . The surface temperature-vegetation index space for land cover and land-cover change analysis . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 17 : 463 – 487 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levit , D. G , Simpson , J. R and Huete , A. R . 1990 . Estimates of surface soil water content using linear combinations of spectral wavebands . Theoretical and Applied Climatology , 42 : 245 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu , W. T and Kogan , F. N . 1996 . Monitoring regional drought using the Vegetation Condition Index . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 17 : 2761 – 2782 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd-Hughes , B and Saunders , M. A . 2002 . A drought climatology for Europe . International Journal of Climatology , 22 : 1571 – 1592 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKee T. B. N Doesken J Kleist J 1993 The relationship of drought frecuency and duration to time scales Proceedings of the Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology, Anaheim, CA (Anaheim, CA: American Meteorological Society), pp. 179–184
   Google Scholar
• McKee T. B. N Doesken J Kleist J 1995 Drought monitoring with multiple time scales Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Applied Climatology, Dallas, TX (Dallas, TX: American Meteorological Society), pp. 233–236
   Google Scholar
• Markham , B. L and Barker , J. L . 1986 . Landsat MSS and TM Post-Calibration dynamic ranges, exoatmospheric reflectances and at-satellite temperatures . EOSAT Landsat Technical Notes , 1 : 3 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Martínez-Cob A Faci J. M Bercero A 1997 Evapotranspiración y necesidades de riego de los principales cultivos en las comarcas de Aragón (Zaragoza: Institución Fernando el Católico)
   Google Scholar
• Mitasova , H and Mitas , L . 1993 . Interpolation by regularized spline with tension . Mathematical Geology , 25 : 641 – 655 .
   Google Scholar
• Moran , M. S , Hymer , D. C , Qi , J and Herr , Y . 2002 . Comparison of ERS-2 SAR and Landsat-TM imagery for monitoring agricultural crop and soil conditions . Remote Sensing of Environment , 79 : 243 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller-Edzards C De Vries W Erisman J. W 1997 Ten years of Monitoring Forest Condition in Europe, European Commision, compiled by: Federal Research Center for Forestry and Forest Products (Geneva: EC-UN/ECE)
   Google Scholar
• Musick , H. B and Pelletier , R. E . 1988 . Response to soil moisture of spectral indexes derived from bidirectional reflectance in Thematic Mapper wavebands . Remote Sensing of Environment , 25 : 167 – 184 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naden , P. S and Watts , C. D . 2001 . Estimating climate-induced change in soil moisture at the landscape scale: an application to five areas of ecological interest in the UK . Climatic Change , 49 : 411 – 440 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nemani , R , Pierce , L and Running , S . 1993 . Developing satellite-derived estimates of surface moisture status . Journal of Applied Meteorology , 32 : 548 – 557 .
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson , S. E , Davenport , M. L and Malo , A. R . 1990 . A comparison of the vegetation response to rainfall in the Sahel and East Africa. Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from NOAA-AVHRR . Climatic Change , 17 : 209 – 241 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palà , V and Pons , X . 1995 . Incorporation of relief in polynomial-based geometric corrections . Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing , 61 : 935 – 944 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellenq , J , Kalma , J Boulet , G . 2003 . A disaggregation scheme for soil moisture based on topography and soil depth . Journal of Hydrology , 276 : 112 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellicer F Echeverría M. T 1990 Formas de relieve del centro de la Depresión del Ebro (Zaragoza, Spain: Institución Fernando el Católico)
   Google Scholar
• Pons X 1997 Estimación de la radiación solar a partir de modelos digitales de elevaciones. Propuesta metodológica VII Coloquio de Geografía Cuantitativa, Sistemas de Información Geográfica y Teledetección, edited by J. Juriasti and I. Moro (Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain: AGE), pp. 87–97
   Google Scholar
• Pons X 1998 Manual of Miramon. Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing Software Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Bellaterra, http://www.creaf.uab.es/miramon
   Google Scholar
• Pons , X and Solé , L . 1994 . A simple radiometric correction model to improve automatic mapping of vegetation from multispectral satellite data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 48 : 191 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price , J. C . 1991 . Timing of NOAA afternoon passes . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 12 : 193 – 198 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao , C. R. N and Chen , J . 1996 . Post-launch calibration of the visible and near-infrared channels of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer on the NOAA-14 spacecraft . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 17 : 2743 – 2747 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards J. A 1993 Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis (Berlin: Springer-Verlag)
   Google Scholar
• Sandholt , I , Rasmussen , K and Andersen , J . 2002 . A simple interpretation of the surface temperature/vegetation index space for assessment of surface moisture status . Remote Sensing of Environment , 79 : 213 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz , P. A and Halpert , M. S . 1995 . Global analysis of the relationships among a vegetation index, precipitation and land surface temperature . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 16 : 2755 – 2777 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumugge , T. J , Wang , J. R and Asrar , G . 1988 . Results from the push broom microwave radiometer flights near the Konza praire in 1985 . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 26 : 590 – 596 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schumugge , T. J , Kustas , W. P , Ritchie , J. C , Jackson , T. J and Rango , A . 2002 . Remote sensing in hydrology . Advances in Water Resources , 25 : 1367 – 1385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seguin , B , Lagouarde , J. P and Savane , M . 1991 . The assessment of regional crop water conditions from meteorological satellite thermal infrared data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 35 : 141 – 148 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiler , R. A , Kogan , F and Wei , G . 2000 . Monitoring weather impact and crop yield from NOAA-AVHRR data in Argentina . Advances in Space Research , 26 : 1177 – 1185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd , A , McGinn , S. M and Wyseure , G. C. L . 2002 . Simulation of the effect of water shortage on the yields of winter wheat in North-East England . Ecological Modelling , 147 : 41 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims , A. P , Nigoyi , D. S and Raman , S . 2002 . Adopting indices for estimating soil moisture: a North Carolina case study . Geophysical Research Letters , 29 : Art. No. 1183
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , R. C. G and Choudhury , B. J . 1990 . On the correlation of indices of vegetation and surface temperature over south-eastern Australia . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 : 2113 – 2120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , R. C. G and Choudhury , B. J . 1991 . Analysis of normalized difference and surface temperature observations over southeastern Australia . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 12 : 2021 – 2044 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobrino , J. A and Raissouni , N . 2000 . Toward remote sensing methods for land cover dynamics monitoring, application to Morocco . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 20 : 353 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobrino , J. A , Raissouni , N and Li , Z. L . 2001 . A comparative study of land surface emmisivity retrieval from NOAA data . Remote Sensing of Environment , 75 : 256 – 266 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suárez F Sáinz H Santos T Bernáldez F. G 1992 Las estepas ibéricas. Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transportes, Centro de Publicaciones. Madrid
   Google Scholar
• Szalai S Szinell C Zoboki J 2000 Drought monitoring in Hungary In Early Warning Systems for Drought Preparedness and Drought Management (Lisbon: World Meteorological Organization), pp. 182–199
   Google Scholar
• Teillet , P. M and Holben , B. N . 1994 . Towards operational radiometric calibration of NOAA-AVHRR imagery in the visible and near-infrared channels . Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing , 20 : 1 – 10 .
   Google Scholar
• Teillet , P. M , Staenz , K and Williams , D. J . 1997 . Effects on spectral, spatial and radiometric characteristics on remote sensing vegetation index of forested regions . Remote Sensing of Environment , 61 : 139 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , C. J . 1979 . Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation . Remote Sensing of Environment , 8 : 127 – 150 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker , C. J . 1980 . Remote sensing of leaf water content in the near infrared . Remote Sensing of Environment , 10 : 23 – 32 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Loon , E. E and Troch , P. A . 2002 . Tikhonov regularization as a tool for assimilating soil moisture data in distributed hydrological models . Hydrological Processes , 16 : 531 – 556 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidal A Devaux-Ros C Moran M. S 1994 Atmospheric correction of Landsat TM thermal band using surface energy balance Proceedings of the ISPRS 6th International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing, Val d'Isère, France, 17–21 January, pp. 159–166
   Google Scholar
• Wang , J. R , Shiue , J. C , Schumugge , T. J and Engman , E. T . 1989 . Mapping surface soil moisture with L-band radiometric measurements . Remote Sensing of Environment , 27 : 305 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , J , Price , K. P and Rich , P. M . 2001 . Spatial patterns of NDVI in response to precipitation and temperature in the central Great Plains . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 22 : 3827 – 3844 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warner , T. A and Chen , X . 2001 . Normalization of Landsat thermal imagery for the effects of solar heating and topography . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 22 : 773 – 788 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Western , A. W , Grayson , R. B , Blöschl , G , Willgoose , G. R and McMahon , T. A . 1999 . Observed spatial organization of soil moisture and its relation to terrain indices . Water Resources Research , 35 : 797 – 810 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodcock , C. E and Strahler , A. H . 1987 . The factor of scale in remote sensing . Remote Sensing of Environment , 21 : 311 – 332 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , S , Qiu , Ch and Xu , Q . 2004 . Estimating soil water content from soil temperature measurements by using adaptive Kalman filter . Journal of Applied Meteorology , 43 : 379 – 389 .
   Google Scholar