57
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Stratospheric minor gas distribution over the Antarctic Peninsula during the APE–GAIA campaign

, , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 3343-3360 | Published online: 22 Feb 2007

References

  • Abrams , M. C. , Manney , G. L. , Gunson , M. R. , Abbas , M. M. , Chang , A. Y. , Goldman , A. , Irion , F. W. , Michelson , H. A. , Newchurch , M. J. , Rinsland , C. P. , Salawithc , R. J. , Stiller , G. P. and Zander , R. 1996 . ATMOS/ATLAS‐3 observations of long‐lived tracers and descent in the Antarctic vortex in November 1994. . Geophysical Research Letters , 23 : 2341 – 2344 .
  • Anderson , J. G. , Brune , W. H. and Proffitt , M. H. 1998 . Ozone destruction by chlorine radicals within the Antarctic vortex: the spatial and temporal evolution of ClO–O3 anticorrelation based on in situ ER2 data. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 94 : 11 645 – 11 479 .
  • Brune , W. H. , Anderson , J. G. and Chan , K. R. 1989 . In situ observation of BrO over Antartica: ER‐2 aircraft results from 54°S to 72°S latitude. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 94 : 16 639 – 16 647 .
  • Carli , B. , Ade , P. , Cortesi , U. , Dickinson , P. , Epifani , M. , Gannaway , F. , Gignoli , A. , Keim , C. , Lee , C. , Leotin , J. , Mencaraglia , F. , Murray , A. G. , Nolt , I. G. and Ridolfi , M. 1999 . SAFIRE‐A – Spectroscopy of the Atmosphere using Far‐InfraRed mission /Airborne. . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technologies , 16 : 1313 – 1328 .
  • Carli , B. , Cortesi , U. , Redaelli , G. , Blom , C. and Chipperfield , M. 2000a . Airborne Polar Experiment–Geophysica Aircraft In Antarctica (APE–GAIA). . SPARC Newsletter , 15 : 21 – 24 .
  • Carli , B. , Ade , P. , Carlotti , M. , Cortesi , U. , Gignoli , A. , Hamilton , P. , Lanfranchi , M. , Lee , C. , MacKenzie , R. and Phillips , A. 2000b . Minor constituent concentrations measured from a high altitude aircraft using high resolution far‐infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. . Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry , 35 : 273 – 293 .
  • Chen , P. 1994 . The permeability of the Antarctic vortex edge. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 99 : 20 563 – 20 571 .
  • Cortesi , U. and Carli , B. 2000 . “ APE–GAIA: Airborne Polar Experiment – Geophysica Aircraft In Antarctica. ” . In Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer , NATO Science Series, 557 Edited by: Zerefos , C . 251 – 264 . Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
  • Cortesi , U. , Bianchini , G. , Carli , B. , Gignoli , A. , Palchetti , L. , Dinelli , B. M. , Lee , C. , Ade , P. , Blom , C. E. , Höpfner , M. and Lessenich , K. 2001 . Remote‐sensing measurements of inorganic chlorine species during the APE–GAIA campaign. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 3, GRA3, p. 7079, XXVI General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society, March 25–30, Nice, France .
  • Fahey , D. W. , Murphy , D. M. , Kelly , K. K. , Ko , M. K. W. , Proffitt , M. H. , Eubank , C. S. , Ferry , G. V. , Loewenstein , M. and Chan , K. R. 1989 . Measurements of nitric oxide and total reactive nitrogen in the Antarctic stratosphere: Observation and chemical implications. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 94 : 16 665 – 16 681 .
  • Fiocco , G. , Calisse , P. G. , Cacciani , M. , Casadio , S. , Pace , G. and Fuà , D. 1999 . ABLE: development of an Airborne Lidar. . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technologies , 16 : 1337 – 1344 .
  • Gao , R. S. , Fahey , D. W. , Salawitch , R. J. , Lloyd , S. A. , Anderson , D. E. , DeMajistre , R. , McElroy , C. T. , Woodbridge , E. L. , Wamsley , R. C. , Donnelly , S. G. , Del Negro , L. A. , Proffitt , M. H. , Stimpfle , R. M. , Kohn , D. W. , Kawa , S. R. , Lait , L. R. , Loewenstein , M. , Podolske , J. R. , Keim , E. R. , Dye , J. E. , Wilson , J. C. and Chan , K. R. 1997 . Partitioning of the reactive nitrogen reservoir in the lower stratosphere of the southern hemisphere: Observations and modelling. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 102 : 3935 – 3949 .
  • Giovanelli , G. , Bonasoni , P. , Cervino , M. , Evangelisti , F. and Ravegnani , F. 1994 . “ Ozone ground‐base measurements by the GASCOD near‐UV and Visible DOAS system. ” . In Proceedings of the Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 1992, ‘Ozone in the troposphere and stratosphere – Part. 2’ , (NASA Conference Publication, 3266) 707 – 711 .
  • Grooss , J.‐U. , Pierce , R. B. , Crutzen , P. J. , Grose , W. L. and Russell , J. M. III. 1997 . Re‐formation of chlorine reservoirs in southern hemisphere polar spring. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 102 : 13 141 – 13 152 .
  • Kawa , S. R. , Newman , P. A. , Lait , L. R. , Schoeberl , M. R. , Stimpfle , R. M. , Kohn , D. W. , Webster , C. R. , May , R. D. , Baumgardner , D. , Dye , J. E. , Wilson , J. C. , Chan , K. R. and Loewenstein , M. 1997 . Activation of chlorine in sulfate aerosol as inferred from aircraft observations. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 102 : 3921 – 3933 .
  • Keim , E. R. , Loewenstein , M. , Podolske , J. R. , Fahey , D. W. , Gao , R. S. , Woodbridge , E. L. , Wamsley , R. C. , Donnelly , S. G. , DelNegro , L. A. , Nevison , C. D. , Solomon , S. , Rosenlof , K. H. , Scott , C. J. , Ko , M. K. W. , Weisenstein , D. and Chan , K. R. 1997 . Measurements of the NOy–N2O correlation in the lower stratosphere: latitudinal and seasonal changes and model comparison. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 102 : 13 193 – 13 212 .
  • Kylling , A. and Mayer , B. 2000 . Libradtran: library for radiative transfer calculations , Edition 1.0 for libRadtran version 0.15. http://www.libradtran.org/
  • Manney , G. L. , Zurek , R. W. , O'Neill , A. and Swinbank , R. 1994 . On the motion of air through the stratospheric polar vortex. . Journal of Atmospheric Science , 51 : 2973 – 2994 .
  • Nevison , C. D. , Solomon , S. , Garcia , R. R. , Fahey , D. W. , Keim , E. R. , Loewenstein , M. , Podolske , J. R. , Gao , R. S. , Wamsley , R. C. , Donnelly , S. G. and DelNegro , L. A. 1997 . Influence of Antarctic denitrification on two‐dimensional model NOy/N2O correlations in the lower stratosphere. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 102 : 13 183 – 13 192 .
  • Otten , C. , Ferlemann , F. , Platt , U. , Wagner , T. and Pfeilsticker , K. 1998 . Ground based DOAS UV/visible measurements at Kiruna (Sweden) during SESAME winters 1993/94 and 1994/95. . Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry , 30 : 143 – 162 .
  • Petritoli , A. , Giovanelli , G. , Ravegnani , F. , Bortoli , D. , Kostadinov , I. and Oulanovsky , A. 2002 . Off‐Axis measurements of atmospheric trace gases from an airborne UV‐Vis spectroradiometer. . Applied Optics: Lasers, Photonics, and Environmental Optics , 41 : 5593 – 5599 .
  • Proffitt , M. H. , Poxell , J. A. , Tuck , A. F. , Fahey , D. W. , Kelly , K. K. , Krueger , A. J. , Schoeberl , M. R. , Gary , B. L. , Margitan , J. J. , Chan , K. R. , Lowenstein , M. and Podolske , J. R. 1989 . A chemical definition of the boundary of the Antarctic ozone hole. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 94 : 11 437 – 11 448 .
  • Rex , M. , Salawitch , R. J. , Toon , G. C. , Sen , B. , Margitan , J. J. , Osterman , G. B. , Blavier , J.‐F. , Gao , R. S. , Donnelly , S. , Keim , E. , Neuman , J. , Fahey , D. W. , Webster , C. R. , Scott , D. C. , Herman , R. L. , May , R. D. , Moyer , E. J. , Gunson , M. R. , Irion , F. W. , Chang , A. Y. , Rinsland , C. P. and Bui , T. P. 1999 . Subsidence, mixing, and denitrification of Antarctic polar vortex air measured during POLARIS. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 104 : 26 611 – 26 623 .
  • Rosenfield , J. E. , Newmann , P. A. and Schoeberl , M. R. 1994 . Computations of diabatic descent in the stratospheric vortex. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 99 : 16 677 – 16 689 .
  • Sanders , R. W. , Solomon , S. , Carrol , M. A. and Schmeltekopf , A. L. 1989 . Visible and near‐ultraviolet spectroscopy at McMurdo station, Antarctica 4. Overview and daily measurements of NO2, O3 and OClO during 1987. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 100 : 11 381 – 11 391 .
  • Solomon , S. 1999 . Stratospheric ozone depletion: a review of concepts and history. . Reviews of Geophysics , 37 : 275 – 316 .
  • Solomon , S. and Garcia , R. R. 1984 . On the distributions of long‐lived tracers and chlorine species in the middle atmosphere. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 89 : 11 633 – 11 644 .
  • Stefanutti , L. , Sokolov , L. , Balestri , S. , MacKenzie , A. R. and Khattatov , V. 1999 . The M55 Geophysica as a platform for the Airborne Polar Experiment. . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technologies , 16 : 1303 – 1312 .
  • Stimpfle , R. M. , Cohen , R. C. , Bonne , G. P. , Voss , P. B. , Perkins , K. K. , Koch , L. C. , Anderson , J. G. , Salawitch , R. J. , Lloyd , S. A. , Gao , R. S. , Del Negro , L. A. , Keim , E. R. and Bui , T. P. 1999 . The coupling of ClONO2, ClO, and NO2 in the lower stratosphere from in situ observation using the NASA ER‐2 aircraft. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 104 : 26 705 – 26 714 .
  • Toon , G. C. , Farmer , C. B. , Lower , L. L. , Shaper , P. W. , Blavier , J. F. and Norton , R. H. 1989 . Infrared aircraft measurements of stratospheric composition over Antarctica during September 1987. . Journal of Geophysical Research , 94 : 16 571 – 16 596 .
  • Varotsos , C. 2002 . The southern hemisphere ozone hole split in 2002. . Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 9 : 375 – 376 .
  • Varotsos , C. 2003 . What is the lesson from the unprecedented event over Antarctica in 2002? . Environmental Science and Pollution Research , 10 : 80 – 81 .
  • Varotsos C. 2004. The extraordinary events of the major, sudden stratospheric warming, the diminutive Antarctic ozone hole, and its split in 2002. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2004.05.205

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.