GOCI-II based sea surface salinity estimation using machine learning for the first-year summer

References

• Ahn, J. H., K. S. Kim, E. K. Lee, S. J. Bae, K. S. Lee, J. E. Moon, T. H. Han, and Y. J. Park. 2021. ”Introduction of GOCI-II Atmospheric Correction Algorithm and Its Initial Validations.” Korean Journal of Remote Sensing 37 (5_2): 1259–1268. (in Korean with English abstract).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn, J. H., and Y. J. Park. 2020. “Estimating Water Reflectance at Near-Infrared Wavelengths for Turbid Water Atmospheric Correction: A Preliminary Study for GOCI-II.” Remote Sensing 12 (22): 3791. doi:10.3390/rs12223791.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahn, Y. H., P. Shanmugam, J. E. Moon, and J. H. Ryu. 2008. “Satellite Remote Sensing of a Low-Salinity Water Plume in the East China Sea.” Annales Geophysicae 26 (7): 2019–2035. doi:10.5194/angeo-26-2019-2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, Y., D. Pan, W. J. Cai, X. He, D. Wang, B. Tao, and Q. Zhu. 2013. “Remote Sensing of Salinity from Satellite‐derived CDOM in the Changjiang River Dominated East China Sea.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118 (1): 227–243. doi:10.1029/2012JC008467.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beardsley, R. C., R. Limeburner, H. Yu, and G. A. Cannon. 1985. “Discharge of the Changjiang (Yangtze River) into the East China Sea.” Continental Shelf Research 4 (1–2): 57–76. doi:10.1016/0278-4343(85)90022-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binding, C. E., and D. G. Bowers. 2003. “Measuring the Salinity of the Clyde Sea from Remotely Sensed Ocean Colour.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 57 (4): 605–611. doi:10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00399-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, P. H., and A. Isobe. 2003. “A Numerical Study on the Changjiang Diluted Water in the Yellow and East China Seas.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 108 (C9). doi:10.1029/2002JC001749.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, R. F. 1999. “In situ Fluorescence Measurements in Coastal Waters.” Organic Geochemistry 30 (6): 397–409. doi:10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00025-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S., and C. Hu. 2017. “Estimating Sea Surface Salinity in the Northern Gulf of Mexico from Satellite Ocean Color Measurements.” Remote Sensing of Environment 201: 115–132. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.09.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, J. K., Y. B. Son, M. S. Park, D. J. Hwang, J. H. Ahn, and Y. G. Park. 2021. “The Applicability of the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager to the Mapping of Sea Surface Salinity in the East China Sea.” Remote Sensing 13 (14): 2676. doi:10.3390/rs13142676.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiger, E. F., M. D. Grossi, A. C. Trembanis, J. T. Kohut, and M. J. Oliver. 2013. “Satellite-Derived Coastal Ocean and Estuarine Salinity in the Mid-Atlantic.” Continental Shelf Research 63: S235–242. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2011.12.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ha, K. J., S. Nam, J. Y. Jeong, I. J. Moon, M. Lee, J. Yun, C. J. Jang, et al. 2019. “Observations Utilizing Korea Ocean Research Stations and Their Applications for Process Studies.” American Meteorological Society 100 (10): 2061–2075. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0305.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, Z., D. P. Wang, D. Pan, X. He, Y. Miyazawa, Y. Bai, D. Wang, and F. Gong. 2016. “Mapping Surface Tidal Currents and Changjiang Plume in the East China Sea from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 121 (3): 1563–1572. doi:10.1002/2015JC011469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jang, E., Y. J. Kim, J. Im, and Y. G. Park. 2021. “Improvement of SMAP Sea Surface Salinity in River-Dominated Oceans Using Machine Learning Approaches.” GIScience & Remote Sensing 58 (1): 138–160. doi:10.1080/15481603.2021.1872228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D. W., S. H. Kim, and Y. H. Jo. 2021. ”A Development for Sea Surface Salinity Algorithm Using GOCI in the East China Sea.” Korean Journal of Remote Sensing 37 (5_2): 1307–1315. (in Korean with English abstract).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D. W., S. H. Kim, and Y. H. Jo. 2022. “Machine Learning to Identify Three Types of Oceanic Fronts Associated with the Changjiang Diluted Water in the East China Sea Between 1997 and 2021.” Remote Sensing 14 (15): 3574. doi:10.3390/rs14153574.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, W., T. Lim, J. H. Ahn, and J. K. Choi. 2021. ”A Preliminary Analysis on the Radiometric Difference Across the Level 1B Slot Images of GOCI-II.” Korean Journal of Remote Sensing 37 (5_2): 1269–1279. (in Korean with English abstract).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D. W., Y. J. Park, J. Y. Jeong, and Y. H. Jo. 2020. “Estimation of Hourly Sea Surface Salinity in the East China Sea Using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager Measurements.” Remote Sensing 12 (5): 755. doi:10.3390/rs12050755.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H. C., H. Yamaguchi, S. Yoo, J. Zhu, K. Okamura, Y. Kiyomoto, K. Tanaka, et al. 2009. “Distribution of Changjiang Diluted Water Detected by Satellite Chlorophyll-A and Its Interannual Variation During 1998–2007.” Journal of Oceanography 65 (1): 129–135. doi:10.1007/s10872-009-0013-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagerloef, G., F. R. Colomb, D. Le Vine, F. Wentz, S. Yueh, C. Ruf, J. Lilly, et al. 2008. “The Aquarius/sac-D Mission: Designed to Meet the Salinity Remote-Sensing Challenge.” Oceanography 21 (1): 68–81. doi:10.5670/oceanog.2008.68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, D., J. Y. Jeong, H. K. Jang, J. O. Min, M. J. Kim, S. H. Youn, T. Lee, and S. H. Lee. 2019. “Comparison of Particulate Organic Carbon to Chlorophyll-A Ratio Based on the Ocean Color Satellite Data at the Ieodo and Socheongcho Ocean Research Stations.” Journal of Coastal Research 90 (SI): 267–271. doi:10.2112/SI90-033.1.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, D. K., J. I. Kwon, and S. Son. 2015. “Horizontal Distribution of Changjiang Diluted Water in Summer Inferred from Total Suspended Sediment in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea.” Acta Oceanologica Sinica 34 (12): 44–50. doi:10.1007/s13131-015-0776-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, R., J. Zhang, H. Yao, T. Cui, N. Wang, Y. Zhang, L. Wu, and J. An. 2017. “Hourly Changes in Sea Surface Salinity in Coastal Waters Recorded by Geostationary Ocean Color Imager.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 196: 227–236. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2017.07.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lou, X., and C. Hu. 2014. “Diurnal Changes of a Harmful Algal Bloom in the East China Sea: Observations from GOCI.” Remote Sensing of Environment 140: 562–572. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.09.031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, J. H., T. Kim, Y. B. Son, J. S. Hong, J. H. Lee, P. H. Chang, and S. K. Kim. 2019. “Contribution of Low-Salinity Water to Sea Surface Warming of the East China Sea in the Summer of 2016.” Progress in Oceanography 175: 68–80. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2019.03.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon, J. H., I. C. Pang, and J. H. Yoon. 2009. “Response of the Changjiang Diluted Water Around Jeju Island to External Forcings: A Modeling Study of 2002 and 2006.” Continental Shelf Research 29 (13): 1549–1564. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2009.04.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakada, S., S. Kobayashi, M. Hayashi, J. Ishizaka, S. Akiyama, M. Fuchi, and M. Nakajima. 2018. “High-Resolution Surface Salinity Maps in Coastal Oceans Based on Geostationary Ocean Color Images: Quantitative Analysis of River Plume Dynamics.” Journal of Oceanography journal of Oceanography 74 (3): 287–304. doi:10.1007/s10872-017-0459-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Reilly, J. E., S. Maritorena, B. G. Mitchell, D. A. Siegel, K. L. Carder, S. A. Garver, M. Kahru, and C. McClain. 1998. “Ocean Color Chlorophyll Algorithms for SeaWifs.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 103 (C11): 24937–24953. doi:10.1029/98JC02160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, M. S., H. C. Jung, S. Lee, J. H. Ahn, S. Bae, and J. K. Choi. 2021. ”The GOCI-II Early Mission Ocean Color Products in Comparison with the GOCI Toward the Continuity of Chollian Multi-Satellite Ocean Color Data.” Korean Journal of Remote Sensing 37 (5_2): 1281–1293. (in Korean with English abstract).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, J. E., K. A. Park, D. S. Ullman, P. C. Cornillon, and Y. J. Park. 2016. “Observation of Diurnal Variations in Mesoscale Eddy Sea-Surface Currents Using GOCI Data.” Remote Sensing Letter 7 (12): 1131–1140. doi:10.1080/2150704X.2016.1219423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pawlowicz, R., D. G. Wright, and F. J. Millero. 2011. “The Effects of Biogeochemical Processes on Oceanic Conductivity/Salinity/Density Relationships and the Characterization of Real Seawater.” Ocean Science 7 (3): 363–387. doi:10.5194/os-7-363-2011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pei, S., Z. Shen, and E. A. Laws. 2009. “Nutrient Dynamics in the Upwelling Area of Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary.” Journal of Coastal Research 25 (3): 569–580. doi:10.2112/07-0948.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qing, S., J. Zhang, T. Cui, and Y. Bao. 2013. “Retrieval of Sea Surface Salinity with MERIS and MODIS Data in the Bohai Sea.” Remote Sensing of Environment 136: 117–125. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, Z., Z. Li, M. Bilal, S. Wang, D. Sun, and Y. Chen. 2018. “Automatic Method to Monitor Floating Macroalgae Blooms Based on Multilayer Perceptron: Case Study of Yellow Sea Using GOCI Images.” Optics Express 26 (21): 26810–26829. doi:10.1364/OE.26.026810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki, H., E. Siswanto, K. Nishiuchi, K. Tanaka, T. Hasegawa, and J. Ishizaka. 2008. “Mapping the Low Salinity Changjiang Diluted Water Using Satellite‐retrieved Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) in the East China Sea During High River Flow Season.” Geophysical Research Letters 35 (4). doi:10.1029/2007GL032637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, J., J. S. Lee, L. H. Jang, J. Lim, B. K. Khim, and Y. H. Jo. 2021. “Sargassum Detection Using Machine Learning Models: A Case Study with the First 6 Months of GOCI-II Imagery.” Remote Sensing 13 (23): 4844. doi:10.3390/rs13234844.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siswanto, E., J. Tang, H. Yamaguchi, Y. H. Ahn, J. Ishizaka, S. Yoo, S. W. Kim, et al. 2011. “Empirical Ocean-Color Algorithms to Retrieve Chlorophyll-A, Total Suspended Matter, and Colored Dissolved Organic Matter Absorption Coefficient in the Yellow and East China Seas.” Journal of Oceanography 67 (5): 627–650. doi:10.1007/s10872-011-0062-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Son, Y. B., W. D. Gardner, M. J. Richardson, J. Ishizaka, J. H. Ryu, S. H. Kim, and S. H. Lee. 2012. “Tracing Offshore Low-Salinity Plumes in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico During the Summer Season by Use of Multispectral Remote-Sensing Data.” Journal of Oceanography 68 (5): 743–760. doi:10.1007/s10872-012-0131-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, D., X. Su, Z. Qiu, S. Wang, Z. Mao, and Y. He. 2019. “Remote Sensing Estimation of Sea Surface Salinity from GOCI Measurements in the Southern Yellow Sea.” Remote Sensing 11 (7): 775. doi:10.3390/rs11070775.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, J., Z. Lee, and S. Shang. 2016. “A System to Measure the Data Quality of Spectral Remote-Sensing Reflectance of Aquatic Environments.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 121 (11): 8189–8207. doi:10.1002/2016JC012126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, H., J. K. Choi, Y. J. Park, H. J. Han, and J. H. Ryu. 2014. “Application of the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) to Estimates of Ocean Surface Currents.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 119 (6): 3988–4000. doi:10.1002/2014JC009981.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, F., J. Xuan, X. Ni, and D. Huang. 2009. “A Preliminary Study of Variations of the Changjiang Diluted Water Between August of 1999 and 2006.” Acta Oceanologica Sinica 28 (6): 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar