The development of Singaporean literature in English

References

• Ban , K. C. and Lee , T. P. 1977 . “ ‘Only connect’: Guest and response in Singapore‐Malayan poetry ” . In The English Language in Singapore , Edited by: Crewe , W. 189 – 208 . Singapore : Eastern Universities Press .
   Google Scholar
• Brewster , A. 1987 . “ The discourse of nationalism and multiculturalism in Singapore and Malaysia in the 50s and 60s ” . In Inventing Countries: Essays in Post‐Colonial Literature , Edited by: McGaw , W. 136 – 50 . Wollongong : SPACLALS .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1989 . Towards a Semiotic of Post‐Colonial Discourse: University Writing in Singapore and Malaysia 1949–1965 , Singapore : Heinemann Asia & Centre for Advanced Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Chan , H. C. 1991 . “ Political developments, 1965–1979 ” . Edited by: Chew , E. C. T. and Lee , E. 157 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• Chew , E. C. T. and Lee , E. , eds. 1991 . A History of Singapore , Singapore : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Chua , S. C. 1964 . Report on the Census of Population 1957 , Singapore : Lim Bian Han .
   Google Scholar
• Crewe , W. J. 1978 . The Singapore writer and the English language . RELC Journal , 9 (1) : 77 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• de Souza , D. 1980a . “ The polities of language: Language planning in Singapore ” . In Language and Society in Singapore , Edited by: Afendras , E. A. and Kuo , E. C. Y. 203 – 32 . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1980b . The role of literature in the secondary schools in Singapore . The Singapore Journal of Education , 3 (1) : 18 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1984 . The roots of Malay literature in English . Solidarity , 100 : 37 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Ee , T. H. 1979 . Malaysian poetry in English: Influence and independence . Pacific Quarterly Moana , 4 : 69 – 73 .
   Google Scholar
• Thumboo , E. , ed. 1988 . “ Literature and liberation: The price of freedom ” . In Literature and Liberation , 11 – 41 . Manila : Solidaridad Publishing House .
   Google Scholar
• Fell , H. 1961 . 1957 Population Census of Malaya: Report No. 14 , Kuala Lumpur : Dept. of Statistics .
   Google Scholar
• Fernando , L. 1970 . “ Literary English in the South‐East Asian tradition ” . In National Identity , Edited by: Goodwin , K. L. 57 – 65 . London : Heinemann Educational Books .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1990 . Colonial generation or not, the language problem continues to needle the Southeast Asian writer . Solidarity , 125 : 38 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Gopinathan , S. 1991 . “ Education ” . Edited by: Chew , E. C. T. and Lee , E. 268 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , J. B. 1979 . The crisis of poetic utterance: The case of Singapore . Pacific Quarterly Moana , 4 : 9 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1984 . The ‘second tongue’ myth: English Poetry in polylingual Singapore . Ariel , 15 (4) : 41 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Holaday , W‐P. C. 1983 . Singing in a second tongue . Journal of Commonwealth Literature , 18 : 27 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Hyland , P. 1984 . Singapore: Poet, critic, audience . World Literature Written in English , 23 : 137 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeyaretnam , P. 1990 . Every piece of literature is a collaborative enterprise between the reader and the writer . Solidarity , 125 : 65 – 71 .
   Google Scholar
• Jit , K. 1989 . Modern theatre in Singapore: A preliminary survey . Tenggara , 23 : 210 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• Koh , T. A. 1980 . The Singapore experience: Cultural development in the global village . Southeast Asian Affairs , 7 : 292 – 307 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1981 . “ Singapore writing in English: The literary tradition and cultural identity ” . In Essays on Literature and Society in Southeast Asia , Edited by: Tham , S. C. 160 – 86 . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1989 . “ Culture and the arts ” . In The Management of Success , Edited by: Sandhu , K. S. and Wheatley , P. 710 – 48 . Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1990 . Telling stories, expressing values: The Singapore novel in English . Tenggara , 25 : 96 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Kuo , E. C. Y. 1980 . “ The sociolinguistic situation in Singapore: Unity in diversity ” . In Language and Society in Singapore , Edited by: Afendras , E. A. and Kuo , E. C. Y. 39 – 62 . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• le Blond , M. 1986 . “ Drama in Singapore: Towards an English language theatre ” . In Discharging the Canon , Edited by: Hyland , Peter . 112 – 125 . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , K. C. 1983 . Language and Language Education , Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , T. P. 1985 . “ Introduction to Singapore poetry in English ” . In The Poetry of Singapore , Edited by: Thumboo , E. 451 – 64 . Singapore : The ASEAN committee on Culture and Information .
   Google Scholar
• Lim , B. 1953 . “ Preface ” . In Poems (1951–1953) , Edited by: Lim , T. S. Singapore : Lim Thean Soo .
   Google Scholar
• Lim , S. 1982 . “ Edwin Thumboo: A study of influence in the literary history of Singapore ” . In The Writer's Sense of the Contemporary: Papers in Southeast Asian and Australian Literature , Edited by: Bennett , B. , Ee , T. H. and Shepherd , R. 30 – 34 . Nedlands : The Centre for Studies in Australian Literature .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1985 . The peranakan tradition in English‐language writing from Malaysia and Singapore . Solidarity , 104 & 105 : 50 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1989a . Finding a native voice—Singapore literature in English . Journal of Commonwealth Literature , 24 : 30 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1989b . “ The English‐language writer in Singapore ” . In The Management of Success , Edited by: Sandhu , K. S. and Wheatley , P. 523 – 51 . Singapore : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Lim , S. T. and Gopinathan , S. 1990 . “ 25 years of curriculum planning ” . Edited by: Yip , S. K. J. and Sim , W. K. 59 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Manifesto of the People's Action Party . 1964 . Our First Ten Years: PAP 10th Anniversary Souvenir , 283 – 7 . Singapore : PAP Central Editorial Board .
   Google Scholar
• McLeod , A. L. 1966 . Malaysian literature in English . Literature East and West , 10 : 315 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Ong , T. H. 1982 . A brief survey of Singapore poetry in English . Singapore Book World , 13 : 15 – 7 .
   Google Scholar
• Ooi , C‐T. 1948 . Red Sun Over Malaya , Kuala Lumpur : Self‐published .
   Google Scholar
• Platt , J. T. 1982 . “ English in Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong ” . In English as a World Language , Edited by: Bailey , R. W. and Görlach , M. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Platt , J. T. and Singh , K. 1984 . The use of localised English in Singapore poetry . English World‐Wide , 5 : 43 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Platt , J. T. and Weber , H. K. 1980 . English in Singapore and Malaysia: Status, Features, Functions , Singapore : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shelley , R. 1991 . The Shrimp People , Singapore : Times Books International .
   Google Scholar
• Sim , W. K. and Yip , S. K. J. 1990 . “ Towards the next 25 years ” . Edited by: Yip , S. K. J. and Sim , W. K. 183 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Singh , K. 1977 . Singapore and Malaysian literature in English . Southern Review , 10 : 287 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1980 . Towards a Singapore classic: Edwin Thumboo's ‘Ulysses by the Merlion’ . The Literary Criterion , 15 (2) : 74 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1984 . An approach to Singapore writing in English . Ariel , 15 (2) : 5 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1986 . “ III prose fiction ” . In Singapore Studies: A Critical Survey , Edited by: Kapur , Basant K. 480 – 6 . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Talib , I. S. 1992a . “ A dictionary of Singaporean English and Singaporean literature in English ” . In Words in a Cultural Context: Proceedings of the Lexicography Workshop , Edited by: Pakir , A. 188 – 201 . Singapore : UniPress .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1992b . Why not teach non‐native English literature? . The ELT Journal , 46 : 51 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1994 . “ Responses to the language of Singaporean literature in English ” . In Language, Education and Society in Singapore—Issues and Trends , Edited by: Ho , W. K. , Gopinathan , S. , Saravanan , V. and Pakir , A. Singapore : Times Academic .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . “ A linguistic island?: The English language in Singaporean literature ” . In A Community of Islands? , Edited by: Thumboo , E. Singapore : UniPress . (forthcoming)
   Google Scholar
• Tay , S. 1984 . The writer as a person . Solidarity , 99 : 56 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Teoh , B. S. 1985 . Singapore‐Malaysian literature in English: Context and relevance . Southeast Asian Review of English , 11 : 62 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Thio , E. 1991 . “ The Syonan Years, 1942–1945 ” . Edited by: Chew , E. C. T. and Lee , E. 95 – 114 .
   Google Scholar
• Thumboo , E. 1970 . “ Introduction ” . In The Flowering Tree , Edited by: Thumboo , E. 1 – 13 . Singapore : Educational Publications Bureau .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1973 . “ Introduction ” . In Seven Poets: Singapore and Malaysia , Edited by: Thumboo , E. xiii – xx . Singapore : Singapore University Press .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1976a . English—bridging the gap . New Directions , 3 (2) : 9 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1976b . “ Introduction ” . In The Second Tongue , Edited by: Thumboo , E. vii – xxxv . Singapore : Heinemann Educational Books .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1977a . “ Developing a distinctive style in local writing ” . In Proceedings of the Seminar on Developing Creative Writing in Singapore , Edited by: Tan , N. and Nair , C. 19 – 29 . Singapore : Woodrose Publications .
   Google Scholar
• _____ . 1977b . “ The role of writers in a multi‐racial society ” . In Singapore Writing , Edited by: Nair , C. 5 – 13 . Singapore : Woodrose Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Singaporean literature in English here is understood as the literature in the language written by Singaporeans, or by people who are, during the time that they wrote their works, permanent residents of the British colony of Singapore or independent Singapore. It excludes the memoirs, autobiographies, novels and other literary genres written by visitors and expatriates during the Colonial period.
   Google Scholar