References
- This article is based on a paper of the same title presented to the Association of African Studies UK Biennial Conference, Trinity College, University of Cambridge, 12 September 2000.
- Wolfensohn , J . 1998 . 'Rethinking development--principles, approaches, and projects' . Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics . 1998 . pp. 59
- Kanbur , R and Vines , D . 2000 . "The World Bank and poverty reduction: past, present and future' ” . In The World Bank: Structure and Policies , Edited by: Gilbert , C and Vines , D . 95 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
- Collier , P . “ 'Conditionality, dependence and coordination: three current debates in aid policy' ” . In The World Bank Edited by: Gilbert and Vines . 299 Conditionality is usefully and broadly defined by Collier as 'the idea that international public resources should be used to induce policy reform'.
- World Bank . 1981 . Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action , i Washington, DC : World Bank .
- Williamson , J . 1999 . “ 'What should the World Bank think about the Washington consensus?' ” . Washington, DC : World Bank . mimeo
- World Bank . 1994 . Adjustment in Africa: Reforms, Results and the Road Ahead , xi New York : Oxford University Press .
- World Bank . Accelerated Development 5
- Williamson , J . 1990 . “ 'What Washington means by policy reform ” . In Latin American Adjustment: How Much Has Happened?. , Edited by: Williamson . Washington, DC : Institute for International Economies . Williamson has expressed concern regarding the widespread misinterpretation of his 1989 synthesis the 'Washington consensus'. He notes that it 'has come to be used to describe an extreme and dogmatic commitment to the belief that markets can handle everything' (Williamson, 'What should the World Bank think'). In fact, Williamson's synthesis importantly described a modification away from this outlook, noting that the state had a legitimate role to play, for example in government investment in health, education and infrastructure. However, the Washington consensus envisaged a considerably more restricted role for the state than in other contending development models of the period
- Williamson . “ 'What Washington means by policy reform' ” . 19
- Mohan , G , Brown , E , Milward , B and Zack-Williams , A . Structural Adjustment: Theory, Practice, Impacts , 120 London : Routledge .
- Williamson . “ 'What Washington means by policy reform' ” . 8
- World Bank . Accelerated Development 7
- World Bank . Adjustment in Africa 39
- Krugman , P . 1995 . 'Dutch tulips and emerging markets' . Foreign Policy , 74 (4) : 28 – 44 .
- World Bank . 1993 . The East Asian Miracle: Economic Growth and Public Policy , New York : Oxford University Press . The High Performing Asian Economies are defined by the World Bank as: Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and China
- World Bank . The East Asian Miracle 10
- Kanbur and Vines . “ 'The World Bank and poverty reduction' ” . 98
- World Bank . 1990 . World Development Report 1990: Poverty , New York : Oxford University Press .
- World Bank . Adjustment in Africa 2
- Ibid, p. 15.
- Hirsch , M . 1995 . Orchestrating a revival' . Newsweek , 9 October : 41 – 45 .
- Krugman , P . “ 'Dutch tulips and emerging markets' ” . 29 30
- Ibid, p. 29.
- Ibid, pp 31-35.
- Wolf , M . 1995 . Troubled giant of H Street' . Financial Times , 6 October : 8
- Prest , M . 1996 . 'Special report: Wolfensohn's World Bank' . Prospect , August/September
- World Bank Task Force . 1995 . “ 'The multilateral debt facility' ” . Washington, DC : World Bank . mimeo
- Brauer , D . 2000 . 'The paternalist attitude of the World Bank must change', interview with Joseph Stiglitz . Development and Cooperation , 2 : 26 – 27 .
- Ibid, p. 26.
- Stiglitz , J . 1997 . 'An agenda for development in the twenty-first century' . Annual Conference on Development Economics , : 17 – 31 .
- Ibid, p. 20.
- Stiglitz , J . 1998 . 'More instruments and broader goals: moving towards the post-Washington consensus' . WIDER annual lectures , 2 January
- Ibid.
- Wolfensohn , J . 1997 . "The challenge of inclusion' . Annual Meetings Address , 23 September
- Stiglitz, 'More instruments and broader goals'.
- Stiglitz . “ 'An agenda for development' ” . 17
- Wolfensohn , J . 1998 . "The other crisis' . Annual Meetings Address , 6 October
- Ibid.
- World Bank . 1999 . Entering the 21st Century: World Development Report 1999/2000 , 16 New York : Oxford University Press .
- Stiglitz , J . 1998 . 'Knowledge for development: economic science, economic policy, and economic advice' . Annual World Bank Conference on Economics , : 9
- Wolfensohn, "The other crisis'.
- Kanbur and Vines . "The World Bank and poverty reduction' ” . 100 – 102 .
- Ibid, p. 88.
- www.worldbank.org (www.worldbank.org)
- Narayan , D , Chambers , R , Shah , M and Petesch , P . 2000 . Voices of the Poor: Crying Out for Change , xv New York : Oxford University Press .
- Ibid, p. 264.
- UNDP . 1996 . Human Development Report 1996 , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Kanbur , R and Squire , L . 1999 . "The evolution of thinking about poverty: exploring the interactions' ” . Washington, DC : World Bank . mimeo
- Narayan . Voices of the Poor 264
- Sen , A . 1999 . Development as Freedom , 10 New York : Anchor Books .
- Kanbur & Squire, "The evolution of thinking about poverty'.
- World Bank, World Development Report 2000/2001: A Very First Cut, unpublished draft, can be accessed at www.worldbank.org/poverty/wdrpoverty (www.worldbank.org/poverty/wdrpoverty)
- World Bank . 2001 . World Development Report 2000/2001: Attacking Poverty , 8 New York : Oxford University Press .
- Ibid, p. 76.
- Ibid, pl 5.
- World Bank . World Development Report 1999/2000 21
- Wolfensohn, 'The other crisis'.
- World Bank . World Development Report 1999/2000 14
- Ibid, p. 21.
- See World Bank, World Development Report 1999/2000.
- Collier . “ 'Conditionality, dependence and coordination' ” . 323
- Hopkins , R , Powell , A , Roy , A and Gilbert , C . "The World Bank, conditionality and the Comprehensive Development Framework' ” . In The World Bank Edited by: Gilbert and Vines . 290
- World Bank . 1998 . Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn't and Why , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Collier, 'Conditionality, dependence and coordination'.
- World Bank, Assessing Aid.
- World Bank . World Development Report 2000/2001 197