- 1996 . 'National development and the globalisation discourse: confronting "imperative" and "convergence" notions' . Third World Quarterly , 17 (5) : 875 – 901 . I place the term ' globalisation ' in quotation marks to signal my effort to maintain a critical posture in relation to this horizon. See my
- Beckles , H . 1998 . Corporate Power in Barbades, Bridgetown: Lighthouse Communications. 1989; and DD Marshall , London:Macmillan : Caribbean Political Economy of the Crossroads . The reasons for the hegemony of circulation over production-merchants over industrialists--in these parts extend back to the colonial legacy of plantation economy which featured the production, sale and export of sugar under British imperial subsidy and protection. The plantation owners who often found themselves indebted to merchants became acculturated to low-risk entrepreneurial endeavours. For more on this, see
- See the OECS Secretariat. Towards an OECS Development Strategy, St Lucia. 1999. This strategy document reflects a wide consensus shared by policy professionals and economists within the Eastern Caribbean academic community. In the meta-narrative of the strategy report, the assumption made is that small countries deserve special consideration, independently of the levels of their average incomes. Moreover, there is a number of over-generalisations with reference to what constitutes structural features of small states that are true of the Caribbean circumstance but not of the small countries of the Pacific. I refer to low aggregate GDP. limited range of industrial, agricultural and commercial activities, low domestic savings and investment capacity, etc. These positions continue to cry out for a clear argument as they form and frame the negotiation context governing the region's post-Lomé talks and Free Trade Area of the Americas negotiations.
- Payne , A and Sutton , P , eds. 1993 . Moderna Caribbean Politics , Baltimore, MD : John Hopkins University Press .
- Stone , C . 1980 . Democracy and Cliemelism , New Jersey : New Brunswick .
- Stone . Class, State of Democracy in Jamaice , New York : Praeger .
- Thomas , CY . 1988 . The Poor and thePowerless , New York : Monthly Review Press .
- Levitt , K and Witter , M , eds. 1986 . The CriticalTradition of Caribbean Political Economy. The Legacy of George Beckford , Kingston : Ian Randle .
- Watson , HA , Lewis , L , Meeks , B , Valdes , NP and Allahar , Anton L , eds. 2001 . Caribbean Charisma. Reflections on Leadership, Legitimacy and Politics , Kingston : IanRadle and Boulder. CO: Lynne Reinner . See the contributions of
- 1999 . United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 1999 , 53 New York : Oxford University Press .
- Drucker , P . 1993 . Post-capitalist Society , New York : Harper and Row .
- Derrida , J . 1994 . Spectres of Marx. The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning, and the New International , 79 New York : Routledge .
- Stopford , J , Strange , S and Henley , JS . 1991 . Rival States, Rival Firms , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . For more on this depiction, see
- Strange , S . 1995 . 'The defective state' . Daeh Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Science , 124 (2) : 55 – 74 .
- Leys , C . 1996 . The "Crisis" in development theory' . New Political Economy , 1 (1) : 42 As one scholar remarks, 'by the end of the 1980s the only development policy that was officially approved was not having one-leaving it to the market to allocate resources, not the state
- Gereffi , G . 1996 . 'Latin America in the global economy: running faster to stay in place' . NACLA Report on the Americas , XXIX (4)
- ibid . as well as P Martin. Trade and Migration: NAFTA and Agriculture , Washington, DC : Institute for International Economics .
- Reich , Robert . 1991 . The Work of Nations: Preparing Ourselves for 21st Century Capitalism , New York : Knopf .
- Ruigrok , W and Tulder , R van . The Work of Nations: Prepating Ourselves for 21st Century Capitalism . New ,
- Bell , D . 1973 . The Coming of Post-Industrial Society , New York : Basic Books .
- Piore , M and Sabel , C . 1984 . The Second Industrial Divide , New York : Basic Books . Reich, The Work of Nations
- Brown , R and Julius , D . “ 'Is manufacturing still special in the New World Order? ” . In Finance and International Economy , Edited by: Brien , R O . Vol. VoI 7 , Oxford : Oxford University Press . For contributions to this debate see
- Cohen , S and Zysman , J . 1987 . Manufacturing Matters , New York : Basic Books .
- Sturgeon , T. 1997 . 'Does manufacturing still matter?: the organisational delinking of production from innovation' . Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy (BRlE) Working Paper 92B ,
- LaI , Deepak . 1998 . Unintended Consequences: The Impact of Factor Endowments, Culture and Politics on Long Run Economic Performance , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
- Rosecrance , Richard . 1999 . The Rise of the Virtual State. Wealth and Power in the coming Centur , 10 New York : Basic Books .
- Grabber , G and Stark , D , eds. 1997 . Restructuring Networks in Post-Socialism. Legacies, Linkages and Localities , Oxford : Oxford University Press . For more on these points of view see the collection by
- Rosecrance. The Rise of the Virtual State.
- Cohen & Zysman. Manufacturing Matters.
- Lt LaI. Unintended Consequences.
- Weyland , K . 1999 . 'The Brazilian state in the new democracy ' . Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs , : 64 – 65 .
- Gereffi. 'Latin America in the global economy'
- Evans , P . 1987 . “ 'The state as a problem and solution: predation, embedded autonomy and structural change ” . In The Politics of Economic Adjustment , Edited by: Haggard , S and Kaufman , RR . Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press .
- Weyland , K . 1999 . 'Neoliberal populism in Latin America and Eastern Europe' . Comparative Politics , 31 (4) : 379 – 401 .
- Clark , M . 1997 . 'Transnational alliances and development policy in Latin America . Latin American Research Review , 32 (2) : 71 – 98 . She shows this by examining Costa Rica's efforts to promote non-traditional export industries. See
- Doner , RF and Linger , D . 1994 . “ 'Thailand: economic and political gradualism ” . In Democrats; Political Liberalisation and Economic Adjustments , Edited by: Haggard , S and Webb , SB . New York : Oxford University Press . The most recent affirmation of this view can be found in
- Cumings , B . 1987 . “ 'The origins and development of the Northeast Asian political economy' ” . In The Political Economy of the New Asian Industrialism , Edited by: Deyo , FC . 66 Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press .
- Davidson , P . 1995 . 'Culture, structure and regional levels of entrepreneurship ' . Entrepreneurship and Regional Development , 7 (1 ) : 42
- Schein , E . 1994 . 'Commentary: what is an entrepreneur? . Entrepreneurship Theor\ and Practice , 19 (2) : 87
- Collier , D . 1979 . The New Authoritarianism in Latin America , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press . For more on this, see
- Mahoney , J . 2001 . 'Radical, reformist and aborted liberalism: origins of national regimes in Central America . Journal of Latin American Studies , 33 : 221 – 256 .
- Schneider , BR . 1991 . Politics Within the State. Elite Bureaucrats and Industrial Policy in Brazil , Pittsburgh, PA : University of Pittsburgh Press .
- Skidmore , T . 1988 . The Politics of Military Rule in Brazil, 1964-1985 , New York : Oxford University Press .
- Arthur , Hon Owen . 8 October 1997 . 'Structural adjustment-Phase Two', an Address to the Barbados Chamber of Commerce 8 October , Bridgetown In his 1997 address to the Barbados Chamber of Commerce, he alluded to the technical inefficiencies of the private sector that inhibit the growth of a genuine market economy. See
- Barbados Requirements for Sustained Development . 1991 . Country Department 111. Latin America and the Caribbean Region , Washington. DC : World Bank .
- January-March 1999 . “ 'Barbados vs Caribbean stay-over arrivals 1991-98' ” . In Caribbean Tourism Organisation , January-March , 11 Barbadis Stay-over Visitor Survey . Another study confirmed that this situation extended back to the 1980s. See also 'Export competitiveness and marketing study in Barbados'. Maxwell Stamp PLC Final Report. Executive Summary (prepared for the Government of Barbados). 1991
- I refer to information revealed in an Opening Address 'The international business sector in Barbados: challenges and the way forward' by Dr Marion Williams. Governor of the Central Bank of Barbados. 12 April 2002. The occasion was a Policy Forum Seminar jointly hosted by the Bank and the Sir Arthur Lewis Institute of Social and Economic Studies.
- Hoekman , B and Braga , CA Primo . 1997 . “ 'Protection and trade in services' ” . World BankPolicy Research Working Paper 1747 Washington. DC : World Bank .
- Dicken , P . 1998 . Global Shift: Transforming the World Economy , 392 New York : Guilford Press .
- Tolchin , Martin . 1993 . ' Shift urged on foreign stakes in airlines' . New York Times , 9 January : 41 A case in point is the airline services industry. Domestic air carriers can run into difficulty trying to penetrate foreign markets. In some cases, the reasons are economic (ie linked to costs associated with establishing local hubs); in others it is the problem of limited space at popular airports. The British have claimed that Heathrow airport can only handle a limited amount of air traffic. US carriers see this as a de facto market access barrier and they are unable to overcome this and other obstacles through FDl. The result is that alliances with foreign carriers have become essential to establish an international presence. For more on this, see
- Borrus , Michael and Zysman , John . 'Globalization with borders: the rise of Wintelism as the future of global competition' , BRlE Working Paper 96B Berkeley : University of California .
- Peters , Thomas J . 1991 . Liberation Management: Necessary Disorganisation for the Nanosecond Nineties , New York : Knopf .
- 1996 . “ 'Leading the way for forty years: the BlDC story' ” . In Pelican House , Bridgetown : Barbados Investment and Development Corporation .
- 1993 . “ 'The action centre for information services for the 1990s and beyond' ” . In Barbados Investment and Development Corporation , 14 Bridgetown : Barbados .
- Hoffman , K and Kaplinsky , R . Driving Force The Global Restructuring of Technology, Labour and Investment in the Automobile and Components Industris , Boulder : CO: Westview Press .
- UNCTC study , Jessop , B , Nielsen , K , Kastendiek , H and Pedersen , OK , eds. 1991 . The Politics of Flexibility Restructuring State and Industry in Britain , Germany and Scandinavia : Aldershot: Edward Elgar .
- See 'Prospects for Caribbean political unity', an address by the Rt Hon Owen Arthur to the Symposium on Caribbean Unity organised by the Clement Payne Movement. 24 April 1998; and the Opening Address by the Rt Hon Owen Arthur at the 23rd ACP-EU Council of Ministers Meeting. 7 May 1998.
- Commission Press Release . 7-8 May 1998 . 23rd Meeting of the ACP-EU Council of Ministers , 7-8 May , Bridgetown : Barbados .
- Zysman , J , Doherty , E and Schwartz , A . 1995 . 'Reorganising the European economy: lessons of East Asia for Central/Eastern Europe , BRlE Working Paper 83
Third World Quarterly
Volume 23, 2002 - Issue 4