Sexual violence in armed conflicts: research progress and remaining gaps

Bibliography

• Annan, J., C. Blattman, D. Mazurana, and K. Carlson. “Civil War, Reintegration, and Gender in Northern Uganda.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 55, no. 6 ( December 1, 2011): 877–908. doi:10.1177/0022002711408013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bass, Judith K., Jeannie Annan, Sarah McIvor Murray, Debra Kaysen, Shelly Griffiths, Talita Cetinoglu, Karin Wachter, Laura K. Murray, and Paul A. Bolton. “Controlled Trial of Psychotherapy for Congolese Survivors of Sexual Violence.” New England Journal of Medicine 368, no. 23 ( June 6, 2013): 2182–2191.10.1056/NEJMoa1211853
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastick, Megan, Karin Grimm, and Rahel Kunz. Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict: Global Overview and Implications for the Security Sector. Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Bidwell, Shelford. Modern Warfare: A Study of Men, Weapons and Theories. London: Penguin, 1973.
   Google Scholar
• Boesten, Jelke. Sexual Violence During War and Peace: Gender, Power, and Post-Conflict Justice in Peru. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.10.1057/9781137383457
   Google Scholar
• Bowles, Samuel. “Being Human: Conflict: Altruism’s Midwife.” Nature 456, no. 7220 ( November 20, 2008): 326–327.10.1038/456326a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownmiller, Susan. Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Buss, Doris E. “Rethinking ‘Rape as a Weapon of War’.” Feminist Legal Studies 17, no. 2 ( July 17, 2009): 145–163. doi:10.1007/s10691-009-9118-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, Christopher K., Tali Gluch, and Neil J. Mitchell. “Security Forces and Sexual Violence: A Cross-National Analysis of a Principal – Agent Argument.” Journal of Peace Research 44, no. 6 ( November 1, 2007): 669–687. doi:10.1177/0022343307082058.10.1177/0022343307082058
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, Christopher K., and Jessica L. Jones. “Establishing a Baseline: Can Peacetime Levels of Sexual Violence Predict Levels of Sexual Violence in Civil Conflict?” 2014. http://www.unm.edu/~ckbutler/workingpapers/ButlerJones2014SVACWorkshop.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter, Charli. “Recognizing Gender-Based Violence Against Civilian Men and Boys in Conflict Situations.” Security Dialogue 37, no. 1 ( March 1, 2006): 83–103. doi:10.1177/0967010606064139.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, Ishita, and Mark M. Lanier. “Rape and HIV as Methods of Waging War: Epidemiological Criminology’s Response.” Advances in Applied Sociology 02, no. 01 (2012): 47–52. doi:10.4236/aasoci.2012.21006.
   Google Scholar
• Christian, Mervyn, Octave Safari, Paul Ramazani, Gilbert Burnham, and Nancy Glass. “Sexual and Gender Based Violence against Men in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Effects on Survivors, Their Families and the Community.” Medicine, Conflict and Survival 27, no. 4 (2011): 227–246.10.1080/13623699.2011.645144
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cockburn, Cynthia. “The Gendered Dynamics of Armed Conflict and Political Violence.” In Victims, Perpetrators Or Actors?: Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Violence, edited by Caroline N. O. Moser and Fiona Clark. London, New York: Zed Books, 2001
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, Dara Kay. “Explaining Rape during Civil War: Cross-National Evidence (1980–2009).” American Political Science Review 107, no. 3 (August 2013): 461–477. doi:10.1017/S0003055413000221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, Dara Kay. “Female Combatants and the Perpetration of Violence: Wartime Rape in the Sierra Leone Civil War.” World Politics 65, no. 3 (July 2013): 383–415. doi:10.1017/S0043887113000105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, Dara Kay, and Ragnhild Nordås. “Sexual Violence in Armed Conflict Introducing the SVAC Dataset, 1989–2009.” Journal of Peace Research 51, no. 3 ( May 1, 2014): 418–428. doi:10.1177/0022343314523028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, Dara Kay, and Elisabeth Wood. “Is Sexual Violence during War Exceptional – or a Continuation of Everyday Violence?” ISQ Online, 2016. http://www.isanet.org/Publications/ISQ/Posts/ID/5239/Is-sexual-violence-during-war-exceptional-or-a-continuation-of-everyday-violence
   Google Scholar
• Davies, Sara E., and Jacqui True. “Reframing Conflict-Related Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: Bringing Gender Analysis Back in.” Security Dialogue 46, no. 6 ( December 1, 2015): 495–512. doi:10.1177/0967010615601389.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denov, Myriam. “Wartime Sexual Violence: Assessing a Human Security Response to War-Affected Girls in Sierra Leone.” Security Dialogue 37, no. 3 (2006): 319–342. doi:10.1177/0967010615601389.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elbert, Thomas, Harald Hinkel, Anna Mädl, Katharin Hermenau, Tobias Hecker, Maggie Schauer, Heike Riedke, Nina Winkler, and Philip Lancaster. Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo Insights from Former Combatants. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Elbert, Thomas, Roland Weierstall, and Maggie Schauer. “Fascination Violence: On Mind and Brain of Man Hunters.” European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 260, no. Suppl 2 (November 2010): S100–105. doi:10.1007/s00406-010-0144-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson Baaz, Maria, and Maria Stern. Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War? Perceptions, Prescriptions, Problems in the Congo and Beyond. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet; Zed Books, 2013. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:617148
   Google Scholar
• Eriksson Baaz, Maria, and Maria Stern. “Why Do Soldiers Rape? Masculinity, Violence, and Sexuality in the Armed Forces in the Congo (DRC).” International Studies Quarterly 53, no. 2 ( June 1, 2009): 495–518. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00543.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottschall, Jonathan. “Explaining Wartime Rape.” Journal of Sex Research 41, no. 2 (May 2004): 129–136.10.1080/00224490409552221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, Jennifer L. “Uncovering Collective Rape: A Comparative Study of Political Sexual Violence.” International Journal of Sociology 34, no. 1 ( April 1, 2004): 97–116.
   Google Scholar
• Hagen, Kristen, and Sophie Yohani. “The Nature and Psychosocial Consequences of War Rape for Individuals and Communities.” International Journal of Psychological Studies 2, no. 2 (2010): p14.
   Google Scholar
• Hankins, Catherine A., Samuel R. Friedman, Tariq Zafar, and Steffanie A. Strathdee. “Transmission and Prevention of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections in War Settings: Implications for Current and Future Armed Conflicts.” Aids 16, no. 17 (2002): 2245–2252.10.1097/00002030-200211220-00003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry, Nicola. “Theorizing Wartime Rape Deconstructing Gender, Sexuality, and Violence.” Gender & Society 30, no. 1 (2016): 44–56. doi:10.1177/0891243215608780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Human Security Report Project. “Human Security Report 2012: Sexual Violence, Education, and War: Beyond the Mainstream Narrative.” Human Security Press. Vancouver: Human Security Press, 2012. http://hsrgroup.org/docs/Publications/HSR2012/2012HumanSecurityReport-Part1-SexualViolenceEducationandWar.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, Jocelyn, Theresa Betancourt, Dennis Mukwege, Robert Lipton, and Michael J. VanRooyen. “Experiences of Female Survivors of Sexual Violence in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Mixed-Methods Study.” Conflict and Health 5, no. 1 (2011): 1–8. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-5-25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kelly, Jocelyn. Rape in War: Motives of Militia in DRC. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, 2010. http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/Resources/Government/vaw_rapeinwarmotivesofmilitiaindrc_usip_2010.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, Jocelyn, Michael VanRooyen, Justin Kabanga, Beth Maclin, and C. Mullin. “Hope for the Future Again: Tracing the Effects of Sexual Violence and Conflict on Families and Communities in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.” In Harvard Humanitarian Initiative. Cambridge, MA, 2011. http://hhi.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/publications/hope-for-the-future-again.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Kirby, Paul. “Ending Sexual Violence in Conflict: The Preventing Sexual Violence Initiative and Its Critics.” International Affairs 91, no. 3 ( May 1, 2015): 457–472. doi:10.1111/1468-2346.12283.10.1111/inta.2015.91.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby, Paul. “How Is Rape a Weapon of War? Feminist International Relations, Modes of Critical Explanation and the Study of Wartime Sexual Violence.” European Journal of International Relations 19, no. 4 ( December 1, 2013): 797–821. doi:10.1177/1354066111427614.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirby, Paul. “The Security Fetish.” ISQ Online, 2016. http://www.isanet.org/Publications/ISQ/Posts/ID/5237/The-Security-Fetish
   Google Scholar
• Kuwert, Philipp, Heide Glaesmer, Svenja Eichhorn, Elena Grundke, Robert H. Pietrzak, Harald J. Freyberger, and Thomas Klauer. “Long-Term Effects of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Compared with Non-Sexual War Trauma in Female World War II Survivors: A Matched Pairs Study.” Archives of Sexual Behavior 43, no. 6 (August 2014): 1059–1064. doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0272-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leiby, Michele L. “Wartime Sexual Violence in Guatemala and Peru.” International Studies Quarterly 53, no. 2 (2009): 445–468. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00541.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKinnon, Catharine A. “Rape, Genocide, and Women’s Human Rights.” Harvard Women’s Law Journal 17 (1994): 5–16.
   Google Scholar
• Meger, Sara. “Rape of the Congo: Understanding Sexual Violence in the Conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo.” Journal of Contemporary African Studies 28, no. 2 (April 2010): 119–135.
   Google Scholar
• Meger, Sara. “The Fetishization of Sexual Violence in International Security.” International Studies Quarterly 60, no. 1 ( March 1, 2016): 149–159. doi:10.1093/isq/sqw003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukamana, Donatilla, and Petra Brysiewicz. “The Lived Experience of Genocide Rape Survivors in Rwanda.” Journal of Nursing Scholarship 40, no. 4 (2008): 379–384. doi:10.1111/j.1547-5069.2008.00253.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordås, Ragnhild, and Siri Rustad. “Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Peacekeepers: Understanding Variation.” International Interactions 39, no. 4 (2013): 511–534. doi:10.1080/03050629.2013.805128.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohambe, Marie Claire Omanyondo, Jean Berkmans Bahananga Muhigwa, Barnabé Mulyumba Wa Mamba, Réseau des Femmes pour un Développement Associatif, Réseau des Femmes pour la Défense des Droits et la Paix, and International Alert (Organization). Women’s Bodies as a Battleground: Sexual Violence against Women and Girls during the War in the Democratic Republic of Congo : South Kivu (1996-2003). London: International Alert, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Peterman, Amber, Tia Palermo, and Caryn Bredenkamp. “Estimates and Determinants of Sexual Violence against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo.” American Journal of Public Health 101, no. 6 (2011): 1060–1067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quillard, Marion. “All Those Who Have Been Raped Raise Your Hand.” De Groene Amsterdammer Special Edition edition, 2016. https://www.groene.nl/artikel/all-those-who-have-been-raped-raise-your-hand
   Google Scholar
• Seifert, Ruth. “The Second Front: The Logic of Sexual Violence in Wars.” Women’s Studies International Forum 19, no. 1–2 (January 1996): 35–43. doi:10.1016/0277-5395(95)00078-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seifert, Ruth. “War and Rape: A Preliminary Analysis.” In Mass Rape: The War Against Women in Bosnia-Herzegovina, edited by Alexandra Stiglmayer, 54–72. Lincoln: U of Nebraska Press, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Sideris, Tina. “War, Gender and Culture: Mozambican Women Refugees.” Social Science & Medicine 56, no. 4 (2003): 713–724.10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00067-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skjelsbaek, Inger. “Sexual Violence and War: Mapping out a Complex Relationship.” European Journal of International Relations 7, no. 2 (2001): 211–237.10.1177/1354066101007002003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skjelsbaek, Inger. “Victim and Survivor: Narrated Social Identities of Women Who Experienced Rape During the War in Bosnia-Herzegovina.” Feminism & Psychology 16, no. 4 ( November 1, 2006): 373–403.10.1177/0959353506068746
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stark, Lindsay. “Cleansing the Wounds of War: An Examination of Traditional Healing, Psychosocial Health and Reintegration in Sierra Leone.” Intervention 4, no. 3 (2006): 206–218.10.1097/WTF.0b013e328011a7d2
   Google Scholar
• Theidon, Kimberly. “Gender in Transition: Common Sense, Women, and War.” Journal of Human Rights 6, no. 4 ( December 11, 2007): 453–478. doi:10.1080/14754830701693011.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, Dorothy Q., and Ralph Regan. “Rape in War: Challenging the Tradition of Impunity.” SAIS Review 14, no. 1 (1994): 81–99. Journal Article.10.1353/sais.1994.0019
   Google Scholar
• Trenholm, J. E., P. Olsson, and B. M. Ahlberg. “Battles on Women’s Bodies: War, Rape and Traumatisation in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.” Global Public Health 6, no. 2 (March 2011): 139–152.10.1080/17441690903212065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• True, Jacqui. The Political Economy of Violence against Women. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199755929.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Utas, Mats. “Sexual Abuse Survivors and the Complex of Traditional Healing. (G)local Prospects in the Aftermath of an African War.” In Policy Dialogue. Uppsala, Sweden: The Nordic Africa Institute, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, E. J. “Armed Groups and Sexual Violence: When Is Wartime Rape Rare?” Politics & Society 37, no. 1 ( March 1, 2009): 131–161. doi:10.1177/0032329208329755.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, E. J. “Variation in Sexual Violence during War.” Politics & Society 34, no. 3 ( September 1, 2006): 307–342. doi:10.1177/0032329206290426.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, Elisabeth. “Conflict-Related Sexual Violence and the Policy Implications of Recent Research.” International Review of the Red Cross 96, no. 894 (June 2014): 457–478. doi:10.1017/S1816383115000077.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar