Bibliography
- Anderson, B., M. J. Gibney, and E. Paoletti. 2013. The Social, Political and Historical Contours of Deportation. New York: Springer.
- Andrijasevic, R., and W. Walters. 2010. “The International Organization for Migration and the International Government of Borders.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 28 (6): 977–999. doi:https://doi.org/10.1068/d1509.
- Bell, S. 2014. “Known until Now as B-189, the Last of 492 MV Sun Sea Migrants in Custody Faces an Uncertain Fate: This Is His Story.” National Post, 14 February. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/sun-sea
- Bigo, D. 2002. “Security and Immigration: Toward a Critique of the Governmentality of Unease.” Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27 (1_suppl): 63–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/03043754020270S105.
- Bourbeau, P. 2011. The Securitization of Migration: A Study of Movement and Order. New York: Taylor and Francis.
- Bureau, B., and S. Robillard. 2019. “‘Distasteful Alliances’: The Secret Story of Canada’s Fight Against Migrants.” CBC News, 21 May. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/harper-trudeau-migrants-immigration-human-trafficking-1.5141288
- Canadian Council for Refugees. 2015. “Sun Sea: Five Years Later.” Accessed January 19, 2022. https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/sun-sea-five-years-later.pdf
- Canadian Press. 2011. “3 or 4 Human Smuggling Efforts Busted, Kenney Says.” CBC News, 5 August. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/3-or-4-human-smuggling-efforts-busted-kenney-says-1.1011597
- CBC News. 2010. “Tamil Migrants to Be Investigated: Toews.” CBC News, 13 August. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/tamil-migrants-to-be-investigated-toews-1.898421#:∼:text=An%20estimated%20490%20Tamil%20migrants%20who%20arrived%20on%20a%20ship,Minister%20Vic%20Toews%20said%20Friday
- Chimni, B. S. 1998. “The Geopolitics of Refugee Studies: A View from the South.” Journal of Refugee Studies 11 (4): 350–374. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/11.4.350-a.
- Collyer, M. 2018. “Paying to Go: Deportability as Development.” In After Deportation: Ethnographic Perspectives, edited by S. Khosravi, 105–125. New York: Springer.
- Corry, O. 2012. “Securitization and ‘Riskification’: Second-Order Security and the Politics of Climate Change.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 40 (2): 235–258. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0305829811419444.
- Crane, A. 2020. “The Politics of Development and Humanitarianism in EU Externalization: Managing Migration in Ukraine.” Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 38 (1): 20–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/2399654419856908.
- Crawley, H., and B. K. Blitz. 2019. “Common Agenda or Europe’s Agenda? International Protection, Human Rights and Migration from the Horn of Africa.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 45 (12): 2258–2274. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1468393.
- De Genova, N. 2010. The Deportation Regime: Sovereignty, Space, and the Freedom of Movement. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Development Research Centre on Migration, Globalisation and Poverty. 2009. “Assisted Voluntary Returns (AVR): An Opportunity for Development?” Briefing No. 20, September 2009, Migration Development Research Centre, University of Sussex. Accessed January 19, 2022. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/SCMR/drc/publications/briefing_papers/BP20.pdf
- Duffield, M. 2011. Global Governance and the New Wars: The Merging of Development and Security. London: Zed Books Ltd.
- Dünnwald, S. 2013. “Voluntary Return: The Practical Failure of a Benevolent Concept.” In Disciplining the Transnational Mobility of People, edited by M. Geiger and A. Pécoud, 228–249. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Fairclough, N. 2013. “Critical Discourse Analysis.” In The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Analysis, edited by J. Gee and M. Handford, 35–46. London: Routledge.
- Fassin, D. 2011. Humanitarian Reason. Oakland: University of California Press.
- Fine, S., and W. Walters. 2021. “No Place Like Home? The International Organization for Migration and the New Political Imaginary of Deportation.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2021.1984218.
- Frowd, P. M. 2018. “Developmental Borderwork and the International Organization for Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44 (10): 1656–1672. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1354046.
- GAC. 2016. “Evaluation of the Anti-crime Capacity-Building program and Counter-terrorism Capacity-Building program.” https://www.international.gc.ca/gac-amc/publications/evaluation/2016/eval_accbp_ctcbp-eval_arclcc_arca.aspx?lang=eng&_ga=2.252011017.1608744847.1645195645-771427123.1645195645.
- Gammeltoft-Hansen, T., and J. C. Hathaway. 2015. “Non-Refoulement in a World of Cooperative Deterrence.” Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 53 (2): 235–284.
- Geiger, M. 2016. “Policy Outsourcing and Remote Management.” In Externalizing Migration Management: Europe, North America and the Spread of ‘Remote Control’ Practices, edited by R. Zaiotti, 261–279. London: Routledge.
- Geiger, M. 2018. “Ideal Partnership or Marriage of Convenience? Canada’s Ambivalent Relationship with the International Organization for Migration.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 44 (10): 1639–1655. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1354033.
- Geiger, M., and A. Pécoud. 2010. “The Politics of International Migration Management.” In Disciplining the Transnational Mobility of People, edited by M. Geiger and A. Pécoud, 1–20. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ghana Web. 2012. “18 People Arrested for Human Trafficking.” Ghana Web. 24 May. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/18-people-arrested-for-human-trafficking/
- Hainsworth, J. 2010. “Canadian Navy Boards Sri Lankan Migrants’ Ship.” NBC News, 12 August. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna38684487
- Hastie, B. 2010. “To Protect and Control: Anti-Trafficking and the Duality of Disciplining Mobility.” In Disciplining the Transnational Mobility of People, edited by M. Geiger and A. Pécoud, 126–144. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Humphreys, A. 2012. “CSIS Tip Led to Bust of Alleged Human Smuggling Ring.” National Post. 25 May. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/csis-tip-led-to-bust-of-alleged-human-smuggling-ring
- Huysmans, J., and A. Buonfino. 2008. “Politics of Exception and Unease: Immigration, Asylum and Terrorism in Parliamentary Debates in the UK.” Political Studies 56 (4): 766–788. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2008.00721.x.
- Hyndman, J. 2000. Managing Displacement: Refugees and the Politics of Humanitarianism. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Hyndman, J., and A. Mountz. “Another Brick in the Wall? Neo-Refoulement and the Externalization of Asylum by Australia and Europe.” Government and Opposition 43, no. 2 (2008): 249–269. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2007.00251.x.
- IOM. 2015. Building Better Futures: Canada and IOM Partnerships in Action. Geneva: IOM. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/canada_iom_partnership_profile.pdf
- IOM. 2018. Migrant Smuggling to Canada: An Enquiry into Vulnerability and Irregularity through Migrant Stories. Geneva: IOM. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/migrant_smuggling_to_canada_2018_final.pdf
- IOM Ghana. 2013. Global Assistance for Irregular Migrants (GAIM - Phase IV): Info Sheet. Accra: IOM Ghana.
- IRCC. 2015. “Evaluation of the Global Assistance for Irregular Migrants Program.” Ottawa. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/ircc/migration/ircc/english/pdf/pub/e2-gaim_eng.pdf
- Koch, A. 2014. “The Politics and Discourse of Migrant Return: The Role of UNHCR and IOM in the Governance of Return.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 40 (6): 905–923. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2013.855073.
- Little, A., and N. Vaughan-Williams. 2017. “Stopping Boats, Saving Lives, Securing Subjects: Humanitarian Borders in Europe and Australia.” European Journal of International Relations 23 (3): 533–556. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066116661227.
- Nieuwenhuys, C., and A. Pécoud. 2007. “Human Trafficking, Information Campaigns, and Strategies of Migration Control.” American Behavioral Scientist 50 (12): 1674–1695. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764207302474.
- Nyers, P. 2006. Rethinking Refugees: Beyond States of Emergency. London: Routledge.
- Nyers, P. 2018. Irregular Citizenship, Immigration, and Deportation. London: Routledge.
- Pallister-Wilkins, P. 2017. “Humanitarian Rescue/Sovereign Capture and the Policing of Possible Responses of Violent Borders.” Global Policy 8 (1): 19–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12401.
- Perkowski, N. 2018. “Frontex and the Convergence of Humanitarianism, Human Rights and Security.” Security Dialogue 49 (6): 457–475. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010618796670.
- Quan, D. 2020. “He Was Accused of Owning the MV Sun Sea Migrant Ship That Reached Canada. Ten Years Later, He’s Speaking Publicly for the First Time.” Toronto Star. 13 August. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2020/08/13/he-was-accused-of-owning-the-mv-sun-sea-migrant-ship-that-reached-canada-ten-years-later-hes-speaking-publicly-for-the-first-time.html
- Raj, A. 2011. “Tamil Boat Potentially Bound for Canada Held in Indonesia.” National Post. 12 July. Accessed January 19, 2022. https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/tamil-boat-headed-to-canada-held-in-indonesia
- Rehaag, S. 2010. “2010 Refugee Claim Data and IRB Member Grant Rates.” Accessed January 19, 2022. https://ccrweb.ca/en/2010-refugee-claim-data
- Robinson, C. 2017. “Tracing and Explaining Securitization: Social Mechanisms, Process Tracing and the Securitization of Irregular Migration.” Security Dialogue 48 (6): 505–523. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010617721872.
- Robinson, C. 2018. “Making Migration Knowable and Governable: Benchmarking Practices as Technologies of Global Migration Governance.” International Political Sociology 12 (4): 418–437. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ips/oly020.
- Robinson, C. 2020. “Measuring ‘Well-Governed Migration’: The International Organization for Migration’s Migration Governance Indicators.” In The International Organization for Migration: The New ‘UN Migration Agency’ in a Critical Perspective, edited by M. Geiger and A. Pécoud, 123–143. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
- UNHCR. 2021. UNHCR Note on the ‘Externalization’ of International Protection. New York: UNHCR.
- UNODC. 2013. Transnational Organized Crime in East Asia and the Pacific: A Threat Assessment. New York: UNODC.
- Vaughan-Williams, N. 2015. Europe’s Border Crisis: Biopolitical Security and beyond. Oxford University Press.
- Walby, K., and M. Larsen. 2011. “Getting at the Live Archive: On Access to Information Research in Canada.” Canadian Journal of Law and Society 26 (3): 623–633. doi:https://doi.org/10.3138/cjls.26.3.623.
- Walters, W. 2008. “Anti-Policy and Anti-Politics: Critical Reflections on Certain Schemes to Govern Bad Things.” European Journal of Cultural Studies 11 (3): 267–288. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549408091844.
- Walters, W. 2010. “Imagined Migration World: The European Union’s anti-Illegal Immigration Discourse.” In Disciplining the Transnational Mobility of People, edited by M. Geiger and A. Pécoud, 73–95. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Walters, W. 2011. “Foucault and Frontiers: Notes on the Birth of the Humanitarian Border.” In Governmentality: Current Issues and Future Challenges, edited by U. Brockling, S. Krasmann, and T. Lemke, 138–164. New York: Routledge.
- Watson, S. D. 2011. “The ‘Human’ as Referent Object? Humanitarianism as Securitization.” Security Dialogue 42 (1): 3–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0967010610393549.
- Webber, F. 2011. “How Voluntary Are Voluntary Returns?” Race & Class 52 (4): 98–107. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0306396810396606.
- Weiss, G. 2012. The Cage: The Fight for Sri Lanka and the Last Days of the Tamil Tigers. New York: Bellevue Literary Press.
Interviews cited
- Interview #6, Senior Canadian government official. 5 February 2016.
- Interview #13, Senior Canadian government official. 1 April 2016.
- Interview #18, Senior Canadian government official. 21 April 2016.