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Slavery & Abolition
A Journal of Slave and Post-Slave Studies
Volume 20, 1999 - Issue 3
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Original Articles

Family ties that bind: Anglo‐African slave traders in Africa and Florida, John Fraser and his descendants

Pages 1-21 | Published online: 13 Jun 2008

Notes

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  • Claire C. and Klein , Martin A. , eds. 1983 . “ ‘Women Slavers of Guinea‐Conakry’ ” . In Women and Slavery in Africa , 325 Madison : University of Wisconsin Press .
  • Holcomb , Brent H. 1985 . South Carolina Naturalizations, 1783–1850 , 93 Baltimore : Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. .
  • Mouser . ‘Trade, Coasters, and Conflict in the Rio Pongo from 1790 to 1808’ . Journal of African History , 14 45
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  • Fyfe , Christopher . 1962 . A History of Sierra Leone , 61 203 Oxford University Press .
  • Stevens , Michael E. 1986 . “To get as many slaves as you can”;: an 1807 Slaving Voyage’ . South Carolina Historical Magazine , 87 July : 187 – 96 .
  • Derks , Scott , ed. 1994 . “ ‘Composite Commodity Price Index’ ” . In The Value of A Dollar: Prices and Incomes in the United States, 1860–1989 , 2 Detroit : A Manly, Inc. .
  • 1993 . ‘"A Class of People Neither Freemen Nor Slaves”;: From Spanish to American Race Relations in Florida, 1821–1861’ . Journal of Social History , 26 Spring : 587 – 609 .
  • Patrick's , Rembert . 1951 . Florida Fiasco: Rampant Rebels on the Florida‐Georgia Border, 1810–1815 Athens, GA
  • 1850 . The Florida Republican (Jacksonville) , 17 Jan. reported
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  • Mouser . ‘Women Slavers’ . 326
  • Hawkins , Joseph . 1797 . A History of a Voyage to the Coast of Africa 155 – 7 . Troy, NY
  • Mouser . 1996 . ‘lies de Los as bulking center in the slave trade, 1750–1800’ . Revue française d'histoire d'outre‐mer , 83 : 83
  • Conneau , Captain Theophilus . 1976 . A Slaver's Log Book or 20 Years’ Residence in Africa: The Original [1853] Manuscript , New York : Avon Books .
  • Fyfe , Christopher . A History of Sierra Leone , 120 – 1 .
  • Brooks , George E. 1970 . Yankee Traders, Old Coasters, & African Middlemen: A History of American Legitimate Trade with West Africa in the Nineteenth Century , 171 Boston : Boston University Press .
  • Littlefield , Daniel C. 1981 . Rice and Slaves: Ethnicity and the Slave Trade in Colonial South Carolina , Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press .
  • Carney , Judith A. 1993 . ‘From Hands to Tutors: African Expertise in the South Carolina Rice Economy’ . Agricultural History , 67 Summer : 1 – 30 .
  • Thornton , John . 1992 . Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1680 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Morgan , Philip D. 1997 . “ ‘The Cultural Implications of the Atlantic Slave Trade: African Regional Origins, American Destinations and New World Developments’ ” . In Routes to Slavery: Direction, Ethnicity and Mortality in the Atlantic Slave Trade , Edited by: Elds , David and Richardson , David . 123 – 45 . Londn and Portland, OR : Frank Cass .
  • ‘West Africa and the Translatlantic Slave Trade: New Evidence of Long‐Run Trends’ . Routes to Slavery , 1 – 15 . 16 – 35 .
  • Papers , Napier . 1829 . The St Augustine Florida Herald , 5 Aug.
  • 1832 . Florida Herald , 9 Aug.
  • 1997 . Anna Kingsley , Rev. Ed. , St Augustine Historical Society .
  • Weber , David J. 1992 . The Spanish Frontier in North America , 299 – 301 . New Haven : Yale University Press .
  • Fretwell , Jacqueline K. , ed. 1984 . Kingsley Beatty Gibbs and His Journal of 1840–1843 , 29 – 30 . St Augustine Historical Society .
  • Fretwell . Kingsley Beatty Gibbs , 31
  • Colburn , David R. and Landers , Jane L. , eds. 1995 . “ ‘Freedom Was as Close as the River: African Americans and the Civil War in Northeast Florida’ ” . In The African American Heritage of Florida , 157 – 84 . Gainesville : University Press of Florida .
  • Mouser . Trade and Politics in the Nunez and Pongo Rivers’ . 310
  • Robertson and Klein , eds. “ ‘A Nhara of the Guinea‐Bissau Region: Mae Aurelia Correia’ ” . In Women and Slavery in Africa 295 – 319 .
  • Hafkin , J.J. and Bay , E.G. , eds. 1976 . “ ‘The Signares of Saint‐Louis and Goree: Women Entrepreneurs in Eighteenth‐Century Senegal’ ” . In Women in Africa: Studies in Social and Economic Change , Stanford University Press .
  • Mouser . ‘Women Slavers’ . 328
  • Bennett , Norman R. and Brooks , George E. Jr. , eds. 1965 . New England Merchants in Africa: A History Through Documents, 1802–1865 , 288 – 9 . Boston University Press .
  • Coifman , Victoria Bomba . 1994 . “ ‘The Western West African and European Frontier: Contributions from Former Archbishop of Conakry Raymond‐Marie Tchidimbo's Autobiography for West African History ” . In Paths Toward the Past: African Historical Essays in Honor of Jan Vansina , Edited by: Harms , Robert W. 273 – 92 . Atlanta, GA. : African Studies Association Press .
  • Bennett and Brooks . New England Merchants in Africa , 303 – 4 .
  • Coifman . ‘The Western West African and European Frontier’ . 284 – 6 .
  • Brooks . Yankee Traders , 203
  • Coifman . ‘...West African and European Frontier’ . 284 – 6 .
  • Brooks . Yankee Traders , 193 – 203 . 205
  • Fyfe . A History of Sierra Leone , 255 – 7 .
  • Ward , W.E.F. 1969 . The Royal Navy and the Slavers , New York : Pantheon Books .
  • Miers , Suzanne and Roberts , Richard . 1988 . The End of Slavery in Africa , 203 – 219 . Madison, WI : University of Wisconsin Press .
  • Fyfe . A History of Sierra Leone , 61
  • Mouser . ‘Women Slavers’ . 329
  • Brooks . Yankee Traders , 203 206

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