A Process‐Oriented Evaluation of a Computerised Treatment for Dyslexia

References

• Bakker , DJ . 1965 . Leesstoornissen: Een foutenanalyse [Reading disorders: An analysis of errors], Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie , 20 : 173 – 183 .
   Google Scholar
• Beitchman , JH and Young , AR . 1997 . Learning disorders with a special emphasis on reading disorders: A review of the past 10 years, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 36 : 1020 – 1032 .
   Google Scholar
• Benson , NJ , Lovett , MW and Kroeber , CL . 1997 . Training and transfer‐of‐learning effects in disabled and normal readers: Evidence of specific deficits, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 64 : 343 – 366 .
   Google Scholar
• Berk , LE . 1994 . Why children talk to themselves, Scientific American , 271 (5) : 60 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Brus B Voeten MJM 1973 Ee´n‐Minuut‐Test, vorm A en B. Verantwoording en handleiding [Brus one‐minute‐test, form A and B. Account and manual], Nijmegen, the Netherlands: Berkhout Testmateriaal
   Google Scholar
• Clay M 1985 The early detection of reading difficulties (3rd ed.), Tadworth, UK: Heinemann
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J 1988 Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
   Google Scholar
• Crain S Shankweiler D 1991 Modularity and learning to read In Mattingly IG Studdert‐Kennedy M (Eds.) Modularity and the motor theory of speech perception: Proceedings of a conference to honor Alvin M. Liberman 375 392 Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Dietrich , JA and Brady , SA . 2001 . Phonological representations of adult poor readers: An investigation of specificity and stability, Applied Psycholinguistics , 22 : 383 – 418 .
   Google Scholar
• Elbro , C , Borstrøm , I and Petersen , DK . 1998 . Predicting dyslexia from kindergarten: The importance of distinctness of phonological representations of lexical items, Reading Research Quarterly , 33 : 36 – 57 .
   Google Scholar
• Goswami , U . 2000 . Phonological representations, reading development and dyslexia: Towards a cross‐linguistic theoretical framework, Dyslexia , 6 : 133 – 151 .
   Google Scholar
• Guilford JP 1971 The nature of human intelligence London: McGraw‐Hill
   Google Scholar
• Harel T Schaap T 1981 De samenhang van spellingsfouten [The connection of spelling errors]. Unpublished manuscript, University of Amsterdam
   Google Scholar
• Hatcher , PJ . 2000 . Sound links in reading and spelling with discrepancy‐defined dyslexics and children with moderate learning difficulties, Reading and Writing , 13 : 257 – 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Hatcher , PJ and Hulme , C . 1999 . Phonemes, rhymes, and intelligence as predictors of children's responsiveness to remedial reading instruction: Evidence from a longitudinal intervention study, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 72 : 130 – 153 .
   Google Scholar
• Hatcher , PJ , Hulme , C and Ellis , AW . 1994 . Ameliorating early reading failure by integrating the teaching of reading and phonological skills: The phonological linkage hypothesis, Child Development , 65 : 41 – 57 .
   Google Scholar
• Henneman K 2000 Problemen van gevorderde spellers: Signalering, diagnostiek en begeleiding [Problems of advanced spellers: Signalising, diagnostics and guiding] (2nd ed.), Bussum, the Netherlands: Coutinho
   Google Scholar
• Hoeks JJWM 1985 Vaardigheden in begrijpend lezen : Onderzoek naar de konstrukt‐ en prediktievaliditeit van een achttal semantische SI‐faktoren met betrekking tot het begrijpend lezen van leerlingen uit de bovenbouw van het gewoon lager onderwijs [Skills in reading comprehension: A study to the construct and predictive validity of eight semantic SI factors concerning the reading comprehension of students from the upper classes of regular elementary education], Doctoral dissertation, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
   Google Scholar
• Hoeks J Schaap T 1992 Treatment of dyslexia: Treatment of lexico‐phonological processing problems Poster presented at the 5th Conference on Developmental Psychology, September 1992, Seville, Spain.
   Google Scholar
• Leonard , CM , Eckert , MA , Lombardino , LJ , Oakland , T , Kranzler , J , Mohr , CM , King , WM and Freeman , A . 2001 . Anatomical risk factors for phonological dyslexia, Cerebral Cortex , 11 : 148 – 157 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leong , CK . 2000 . Rapid processing of base and derived forms of words and grades 4, 5 and 6 children's spelling, Reading and Writing , 12 : 277 – 302 .
   Google Scholar
• Levelt WJM 1989 Speaking: From intention to articulation Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
   Google Scholar
• Levelt , WJM . 2001 . Spoken word production: A theory of lexical access, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 98 : 13464 – 13471 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberman AM 1997 How theories of speech affect research in reading and writing In Blachman BA (Ed.) Foundations of reading acquisition and dyslexia 3 19 Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
   Google Scholar
• Lovett MW 1997 Developmental reading disorders In Feinberg TE Farah MJ (Eds.) Behavioral neurology and neuropsychology 773 787 New York: McGraw‐Hill
   Google Scholar
• Lovett , MW , Borden , SL , DeLuca , T , Lacerenza , L , Benson , NJ and Brackstone , D . 1994 . Treating the core deficits of developmental dyslexia: Evidence of transfer of learning after phonologically‐ and strategy‐based reading training programs, Developmental Psychology , 30 : 805 – 822 .
   Google Scholar
• Lovett , MW , Lacerenza , L , Borden , SL , Frijters , JC , Steinbach , KA and De Palma , M . 2000 . Components of effective remediation for developmental reading disabilities: Combining phonological and strategy‐based instruction to improve outcomes, Journal of Educational Psychology , 92 : 263 – 283 .
   Google Scholar
• Lovett , MW and Steinbach , KA . 1997 . The effectiveness of remedial programs for reading disabled children of different ages: Does the benefit decrease for older children?, Learning Disability Quarterly , 20 : 189 – 210 .
   Google Scholar
• Lyon , GR . 1995a . Toward a definition of dyslexia, Annals of Dyslexia , 45 : 3 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyon , GR . 1995b . Research initiatives in learning disabilities: Contributions from scientists supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Journal of Child Neurology , 10 : S120 – S126 .
   Google Scholar
• Lyon , GR and Moats , LC . 1988 . Critical issues in the instruction of the learning disabled, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 56 : 830 – 835 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyon , GR and Moats , LC . 1997 . Critical conceptual and methodological considerations in reading intervention research, Journal of Learning Disabilities , 30 : 578 – 588 .
   Google Scholar
• Mahony , D , Singson , M and Mann , V . 2000 . Reading ability and sensitivity to morphological relations, Reading and Writing , 12 : 191 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann V 1998 Language problems: A key to early reading problems In Wong BYL (Ed.) Learning about learning disabilities (2nd ed. 163 201 San Diego, CA: Academic Press
   Google Scholar
• Mann , VA . 2000 . Introduction to special issue on morphology and the acquisition of alphabetic writing systems, Reading and Writing , 12 : 143 – 147 .
   Google Scholar
• Mody , M , Studdert‐Kennedy , M and Brady , S . 1997 . Speech perception deficits in poor readers: Auditory processing or phonological coding?, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 64 : 199 – 231 .
   Google Scholar
• Pennington BF 1991 Diagnosing learning disorders: A neuropsychological framework New York: Guilford
   Google Scholar
• Pennington , BF , Van Orden , GC , Smith , SD , Green , PA and Haith , MM . 1990 . Phonological processing skills and deficits in adult dyslexics, Child Development , 61 : 1753 – 1778 .
   Google Scholar
• Perfetti CA 1992 The representation problem in reading acquisition In Gough PB Ehri LC Treiman R (Eds.) Reading acquisition 145 174 Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.
   Google Scholar
• Perfetti CA 1999 Cognitive research and the misconceptions of reading education In Oakhill J Beard R (Eds.) Reading development and the teaching of reading 42 58 Oxford, UK: Blackwell
   Google Scholar
• Pinker S 1994 The language instinct: The new science of language and mind London: Penguin Books
   Google Scholar
• Pinker S 1999 Words and rules: The ingredients of language London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson
   Google Scholar
• Pogorzelski , S and Wheldall , K . 2002 . Do differences in phonological processing performance predict gains made by older low‐progress readers following intensive literacy intervention?, Educational Psychology , 22 : 413 – 427 .
   Google Scholar
• Schaap T 1986 Hardop Leestekst: konstructie en normen [Text for reading aloud: Construction and norms], IWAL: Amsterdam
   Google Scholar
• Schaap T 1997, September The LEXY program for dyslexia Poster session presented at the Fourth Congress on Dyslexia, Thessaloniki, Greece
   Google Scholar
• Schiller NO 1997 The role of the syllable in speech production: Evidence from lexical statistics, metalinguistics, masked priming, and electromagnetic midsagittal articulography Doctoral dissertation, Nijmegen University, the Netherlands
   Google Scholar
• Shankweiler D Lundquist E 1992 On the relations between learning to spell and learning to read In Frost R Katz L (Eds.) Orthography, phonology, morphology, and meaning 179 192 Amsterdam: Elsevier
   Google Scholar
• Shaywitz , SE . 1996 . Dyslexia, Scientific American , 275 (5) : 78 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• Siegel , LS . 1993 . Phonological processing deficits as the basis of a reading disability, Developmental Review , 13 : 246 – 257 .
   Google Scholar
• Snowling MJ 2000 Dyslexia (2nd ed.), Oxford, UK: Blackwell
   Google Scholar
• Snowling , MJ . 2001 . From language to reading and dyslexia, Dyslexia , 7 : 37 – 46 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Snowling MJ Nation KA 1997 Language, phonology and learning to read In Hulme C Snowling MJ (Eds.) Dyslexia: Biology, cognition and intervention 153 166 London: Whurr Publishers
   Google Scholar
• Swan , D and Goswami , U . 1997a . Phonological awareness deficits in developmental dyslexia and the phonological representations hypothesis, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 61 : 18 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Swan , D and Goswami , U . 1997b . Picture naming deficits in developmental dyslexia: The phonological representations hypothesis, Brain and Language , 56 : 334 – 353 .
   Google Scholar
• Swanson , HL . 1999 . Reading research for students with LD: A meta‐analysis of intervention outcomes, Journal of Learning Disabilities , 32 : 504 – 532 .
   Google Scholar
• Tijms J Hoeks JJWM Paulussen‐Hoogeboom MC Smolenaars AJ (2003) Long‐term effects of a psycholinguistic treatment for dyslexia, Journal of Research in Reading.
   Google Scholar
• Torgesen , JK , Alexander , AW , Wagner , RK , Rashotte , CA , Voeller , KKS and Conway , T . 2001 . Intensive remedial instruction for children with severe reading disabilities: Immediate and long‐term outcomes from two instructional approaches, Journal of Learning Disabilities , 34 : 33 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Torgesen JK Wagner RK Rashotte CA 1997 Approaches to the prevention and remediation of phonologically based reading disabilities In Blachman BA (Ed.) Foundations of reading acquisition and dyslexia 287 304 Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
   Google Scholar
• Torgesen , JK , Wagner , RK , Rashotte , CA , Rose , E , Lindamood , P , Conway , T and Garvan , C . 1999 . Preventing reading failure in young children with phonological processing disabilities: Group and individual responses to instruction, Journal of Educational Psychology , 91 : 579 – 593 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Bon WHJ 1982 Handleiding taaltest voor kinderen, TvK [Manual language tests for children, LfC], Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger
   Google Scholar
• Van Daal , HP and Reitsma , P . 1999 . Effects of outpatient treatment of dyslexia, Journal of Learning Disabilities , 32 : 447 – 456 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Akker W Hoeks JJWM Mellenbergh GJ 1986 Effecten van behandeling van dyslexie [Effects of treatment for dyslexia], Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam
   Google Scholar
• Van der Wissel A 1963 Spellingsmoeilijkheden, minusvariant of dysorthografie [Problems with spelling, minus‐variant or dysorthography] Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie 18 13 42
   Google Scholar
• Van Haasen PP De Bruyn EEJ Pijl YL Poortinga YH Lutje Spelberg HC Van der Steene G et al 1985 WISC‐R, Nederlandse uitgave [WISC‐R, Dutch edition], Lisse, the Netherlands: Swets and Zeitlinger
   Google Scholar
• Vellutino FR 1979 Dyslexia: Research and theory Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
   Google Scholar
• Vellutino , FR , Scanlon , DM and Spearing , D . 1995 . Semantic and phonological coding in poor and normal readers, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 59 : 76 – 123 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vermunt JK 1996 Log‐linear event history analysis: A general approach with missing data, latent variables, and unobserved heterogeneity Tilburg, the Netherlands: Tilburg University Press
   Google Scholar
• Wagner , RK and Torgesen , JK . 1987 . The nature of phonological processing and its causal role in the acquisition of reading skills, Psychological Bulletin , 101 : 192 – 212 .
   Google Scholar
• Wagner , RK , Torgesen , JK and Rashotte , CA . 1994 . Development of reading‐related phonological processing abilities: New evidence of bidirectional causality from a latent variable longitudinal study, Developmental Psychology , 30 : 73 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Wagner RK Torgesen JK Rashotte CA 1999 Comprehensive test of phonological processing Austin, TX: Pro‐Ed.
   Google Scholar
• Wickens TD 1989 Multiway contingency tables analysis for the social sciences Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , KV . 1956 . A distribution‐free test of analysis of variance hypotheses, Psychological Bulletin , 53 : 96 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wise , BW , Ring , J and Olson , RK . 1999 . Training phonological awareness with and without explicit attention to articulation, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 72 : 271 – 304 .
   Google Scholar
• Wise , BW , Ring , J and Olson , RK . 2000 . Individual differences in gains from computer‐assisted remedial reading, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 77 : 197 – 235 .
   Google Scholar