Publication Cover
Educational Psychology
An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology
Volume 25, 2005 - Issue 4
2,858
Views
69
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

State anxiety and working memory in children: A test of processing efficiency theory

Pages 379-393 | Published online: 05 Oct 2010

References

  • American Psychological Association. (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders – Text revision Washington DC Author
  • Ashcraft , MH . (2002) . Math anxiety: Personal, educational and cognitive consequences . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 11 : 181 – 185 .
  • Ashcraft , MH and Kirk , EP . (2001) . The relationships among working memory, math anxiety and performance . Journal of Experimental Psychology – General , 2 : 224 – 237 .
  • Baddeley AD (1999) Essentials of human memory London Psychology Press
  • Borkovec , TD . (1985) . Worry: A potentially valuable concept . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 23 : 481 – 482 .
  • Borkovec , TD and Inz , J . (1990) . The nature of worry in generalised anxiety disorder: A predominance of thought activity . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 28 : 153 – 158 .
  • Calvo , MG . (1985) . Effort, aversive representations and performance in test anxiety . Personality and Individual Differences , 6 : 563 – 571 .
  • Calvo , MG , Ramos , PM and Estevez , A . (1992) . Test anxiety and comprehension efficiency – the role of prior knowledge and working memory deficits . Anxiety, Stress and Coping , 5 : 125 – 138 .
  • Crozier , WR and Hostettler , K . (2003) . The influence of shyness on children’s test performance . British Journal of Educational Psychology , 73 : 317 – 328 .
  • Dalgleish , T , Taghavi , R , Neshat‐Doost , H , Moradi , A , Yule , W and Canterbury , R . (1997) . Information processing in clinically depressed and anxious children and adolescents . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 38 : 535 – 541 .
  • Darke , S . (1988a) . Anxiety and working memory capacity . Cognition and Emotion , 2 : 145 – 154 .
  • Darke , S . (1988b) . Effects of anxiety on inferential reasoning task performance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 55 : 499 – 505 .
  • Dineen , K and Hadwin , JA . (2004) . Anxious and depressive symptoms and children’s judgements of their own and others’ interpretation of ambiguous social scenarios . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 18 : 499 – 513 .
  • Dutke , S and Stöber , J . (2001) . Test anxiety, working memory, and cognitive performance: Supportive effects of sequential demands . Cognition and Emotion , 15 : 381 – 389 .
  • Elliman , NA , Green , MW , Rogers , PJ and Finch , GM . (1997) . Processing‐efficiency theory and the working memory system: Impairments associated with subclinical anxiety . Personality and Individual Differences , 23 : 31 – 35 .
  • Essau CA Barrett P (2001) Developmental issues in the assessment of anxiety In C. A. Essau & F. Peterson (Eds.) Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents (pp. 75–110) New York Brunner‐Routledge
  • Eysenck , MW and Calvo , MG . (1992) . Anxiety and performance: The processing efficiency theory . Cognition and Emotion , 6 : 409 – 434 .
  • Gumora , G and Arsenio , WF . (2002) . Emotionality, emotion regulation and school performance in middle school children . Journal of School Psychology , 40 : 395 – 413 .
  • Humphreys , MS and Revelle , W . (1984) . Personality, motivation and performance: A theory of the relationship between individual differences and information processing . Psychological Review , 91 : 153 – 184 .
  • Ikeda , M , Iwanga , M and Seiwa , H . (1996) . Test anxiety and working memory system . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 82 : 1223 – 1231 .
  • Kellog , JS , Hopko , MA and Ashcraft , MH . (1999) . The effects of arithmetic on time performance . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 13 : 591 – 600 .
  • Kendall , PC and Chansky , TE . (1991) . Considering cognition in anxiety‐disordered children . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 5 : 167 – 185 .
  • Kessler , RC , Foster , CL , Saunders , WB and Stang , PE . (1995) . Social consequences of psychiatric disorders I: Educational attainment . American Journal of Psychiatry , 157 : 1026 – 1032 .
  • Lang PJ (1985) The cognitive psychophysiology of emotion: Fear and anxiety In A. H. Tuma & J. D. Maser (Eds.) Anxiety and the anxiety disorders pp. 131–170 Hillsdale NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
  • Lehto , J . (1996) . Are executive function tests dependent on working memory capacity? . The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , 49A : 29 – 50 .
  • Mathews , A . (1990) . Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 28 : 455 – 468 .
  • McDonald , AS . (2001) . The prevalence and effects of test anxiety in school children . Educational Psychology , 21 : 89 – 101 .
  • Mullen , R and Hardy , L . (2000) . State anxiety and motor performance: Testing the conscious processing hypothesis . Journal of Sports Sciences , 18 : 785 – 799 .
  • Muris , P , Merckelbach , H , Ollendick , T , King , N and Bogie , N . (2002) . Three traditional and three new childhood anxiety questionnaires: Their reliability and validity in a normal adolescent sample . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 40 : 753 – 772 .
  • Power M Dalgleish T (1997) Cognition and emotion London Psychology Press
  • Rabian B Silverman WK (2000) Anxiety disorders In M. Hersen & R. T. Ammerman (Eds.) Advanced abnormal child psychology (pp. 271–289) London Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
  • Sarason , IG . (1984) . Stress, anxiety, and cognitive interference: Reactions to tests . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 46 : 929 – 938 .
  • Schniering , CA , Hudson , JL and Rapee , RM . (2000) . Issues in the diagnosis and assessment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents . Clinical Psychology Review , 20 : 458 – 478 .
  • Smith , NC , Bellamy , M , Collins , DJ and Newell , D . (2001) . A test of processing efficiency theory in a team sport . Journal of Sports Sciences , 19 : 321 – 332 .
  • Spielberger C (1973) Manual for the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children Palo Alto CA Consulting Psychologists Press
  • Van Ameringen , M , Mancini , C and Farvolden , P . (2003) . The impact of anxiety disorders on educational achievement . Anxiety Disorders , 17 : 561 – 571 .
  • Weschler D (1992) WISC‐III manual Sidcup UK The Psychological Corporation
  • Woodward , LJ and Fergusson , DM . (2001) . Life course outcomes of young people with anxiety disorders in adolescence . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 40 : 1086 – 1093 .
  • Zijlstra FRH (1993) Efficiency in work behaviour: A design approach for modern tools Delft Delft University Press

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.