Investigating the effects of sound masking on the use of audio CAPTCHAs

References

• von Ahn, L., Blum, M., and Langford, J., 2004. Telling humans and computers apart automatically. Communications of the ACM, 47 (2), 56–60. doi: 10.1145/966389.966390
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BBC, 2013. Blind Federation criticises Captcha security test [Online]. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-22754006 [Accessed 31 July 2013].
   Google Scholar
• Beggs, J. and Thede, D., 2001. Designing web audio. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Bigham, J.P. and Cavender, A.C., 2009. Evaluating existing audio CAPTCHAs and an interface optimized for non-visual use. 27th international conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI 2009), Boston, MA, 1829–1838.
   Google Scholar
• Bursztein, E., et al., 2011. The failure of noise-based noncontinuous audio Captchas. 2011 IEEE symposium on security and privacy, 22–25 May. New York: ACM, 19–31.
   Google Scholar
• Chandavale, A. and Sapkal, A., 2011. An improved adaptive noise reduction for secured Captcha. 2011 fourth international conference of emerging trends in engineering & technology, 18–20 November. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, 12–17.
   Google Scholar
• Chellapilla, K. and Simard, P.Y., 2004. Using machine learning to break visual human interaction proofs. In: L.K. Saul, Y. Weiss, and L. Bottou, eds. Neural information processing systems (NIPS), vol. 17. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 265–272.
   Google Scholar
• Chellapilla, K., et al., 2005a. Designing human friendly human interaction proofs (HIPs). ACM SIGGHI conference on human factors in computing systems, vol. 1. New York: ACM, 711–720.
   Google Scholar
• Chellapilla, K., et al., 2005b. Computers beat humans at single character recognition in reading-based human interaction proofs (HIPs). Second conference on email and anti-spam (CEAS), 2–2 July. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, J., 2008. Beyond CAPTCHA: no bots allowed! [Online]. Available from: http://www.sitepoint.com/captcha-problems-alternatives/ [Accessed 20 May 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Fidas, C.A., Voyiatzis, A.G., and Avouris, N.M., 2011. On the necessity of user-friendly CAPTCHA. 2011 annual conference on human factors in computing systems (CHI ’11). New York: ACM, 2623–2626.
   Google Scholar
• Gelfand, S.A., 2009. Essentials of audiology. New York: Thieme Medical.
   Google Scholar
• Goodin, D., 2012. How a trio of hackers brought Google's reCAPTCHA to its knees [Online]. Available from: http://arstechnica.com/security/2012/05/google-recaptcha-brought-to-its-knees/ [Accessed 11 June 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Holman, J., Lazar, J., and Feng, J., 2008. Investigating the security-related challenges of blind users on the web. In: P. Langdon, J. Clarkson, and P. Robinson, eds., Designing inclusive futures. London: Springer, 129–138.
   Google Scholar
• Javed, Y., Nazir, M., and Li, S., 2012. Captchæcker: reconfigurable CAPTCHAs based on automated security and usability analysis. 4th symposium on configuration analytics and automation (SafeConfig 2011), 31 October–1 November. Arlington, VA: IEEE.
   Google Scholar
• Lazar, J., 2009. Making CAPTCHA more accessible for the blind [Online]. Available from: http://nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/bm/bm09/bm0901/bm090108.htm [Accessed 20 May 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Lazar, J., et al., 2007. What frustrates screen reader users on the web: a study of 100 blind users. International Journal of Human Computer Studies, 22 (3), 247–269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazar, J., et al., 2012. The SoundsRight CAPTCHA: an improved approach to audio human interaction proofs for blind users. SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York: CHI, 2267–2276.
   Google Scholar
• Li, S., et al., 2010. Breaking e-banking CAPTCHAs. 26th annual computer security applications conference (ACSAC ’10 ). New York: ACM, 171–180.
   Google Scholar
• May, M., 2005. Inaccessibility of CAPTCHA [Online]. Available from: http://www.w3.org/TR/turingtest/ [Accessed 23 February 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Mori, G. and Malik, J., 2003. Recognizing objects in adversarial clutter: breaking a visual CAPTCHA. Computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR) conference, 18–20 June. Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society, I-134-I-141.
   Google Scholar
• Sauer, G., et al., 2010a. Accessible privacy and security: a universally usable human-interaction proof. Universal Access in the Information Society, 9 (3), 239–248. doi: 10.1007/s10209-009-0171-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sauer, G., et al., 2010b. Towards a universally usable human interaction proof: evaluation of task completion strategies. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing, 2, 15: 11–15:32.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz, M.J., 2011. Audio Captchas easy to defeat [Online]. InformationWeek Available from: http://www.informationweek.com/news/security/vulnerabilities/229625482 [Accessed 20 May 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Shirali-Shahreza, S. and Shirali-Shahreza, M.H., 2011. Accessibility of CAPTCHA methods. AISec’11, 21 October. New York: ACM, 109–110.
   Google Scholar
• Tam, J., et al., 2009. Breaking audio CAPTCHAs. 22nd annual conference on advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS) 2008, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1625–1632.
   Google Scholar
• Yan, J. and El Ahmad, A.S., 2008. Usability of CAPTCHAs or usability issues in CAPTCHA design. Symposium on usable privacy and security (SOUPS). New York: ACM, 44–52.
   Google Scholar