References
- Akumu, P. 2018. “This Tax on Social Media Can’t Prevent Ugandans Taunting their Leaders.” The Observer, July 14. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jul/14/uganda-tax-social-media-museveni-internet-dissent.
- Albagli, S. 2017. “Technical‐scientific‐informational milieu, networks and territories.” In Milton Santos: A Pioneer in Critical Geography from the Global South, edited by L. Melgaço and C. Prouse, 33–44. Cham: Springer.
- Al-Jenaibi, B. 2014. “The Nature of Arab Public Discourse: Social Media and the ‘Arab Spring’.” Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies 3 (2): 241–260. doi:10.1386/ajms.3.2.241_1.
- Amnesty International. 2018. “Cameroon: Horrific Violence Escalates Further in Anglophone Regions,” September 18. Accessed February 14, 2019. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/09/cameroon-horrific-violence-escalates-further-in-anglophone-regions/.
- Arena, M. D. P. 2017. “Changing Foreign Policy: The Obama Administration’s Decision to Oust Mubarak.” Revista Brasileira De Politica Internacional 60 (1): 17. doi:10.1590/0034-7329201700121.
- BBC Africa. 2017. “Deaths in Cameroon Independence Protests,” October 2. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-41461007.
- BBC News. 2017. Why has Cameroon Blocked the Internet? Accessed June 21, 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-38895541.
- Brym, R., M. Godbout, A. Hoffbauer, G. Menard, and T. H. Zhang. 2014. “Social Media in the 2011 Egyptian Uprising.” The British Journal of Sociology 65 (2): 266–292. doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12080.
- Cameroon. 2018. Government Emergency Humanitarian Assistance Plan in the North-West and South-West Regions 2018-2019. Bamenda, NWR. http://www.northwest-cameroon.com/home-37-file-inner-0-detail-71.html.
- Cheka, Cosmas. 2007. “The State of the Process of Decentralization in Cameroon.” Africa Development XXXII (2): 181–196.
- CNN. 2016. Rights Groups Call for Probe Into Protesters’ Deaths in Cameroon. Accessed June 21, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/15/world/cameroon-protesters-deaths/index.html.
- Crawford, K., and M. Finn. 2015. “The Limits of Crisis Data: Analytical and Ethical Challenges of Using Social and Mobile Data to Understand Disasters.” Geojournal 80 (4): 491–502. doi:10.1007/s10708-014-9597-z.
- Crisis Group International. 2017. “Cameroon’s Worsening Anglophone Crisis Calls for Strong Measures.” Briefing No. 130, October 19. https://www.crisisgroup.org/africa/central-africa/cameroon/130-cameroon-worsening-anglophone-crisis-calls-strong-measures.
- Gurman, T. A., and N. Ellenberger. 2015. “Reaching the Global Community During Disasters: Findings from a Content Analysis of the Organizational Use of Twitter after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake.” Journal of Health Communication 20 (6): 687–696. doi:10.1080/10810730.2015.1018566.
- Hashimoto, T., Y. Shirota, and B. Chakraborty. 2016. “Developing a Framework for an Advisory Message Board for Female Victims after Disasters: A Case Study after East Japan Great Earthquake.” Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 31 (4): 711–724. doi:10.1093/llc/fqv017.
- Jung, J. Y., and M. Moro. 2014. “Multi-Level Functionality of Social Media in the Aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake.” Disasters 38: s123–s143. doi:10.1111/disa.12071.
- Kallio, K. P., and J. Häkli. 2016. “Geosocial Lives in Topological Polis: Mohamed Bouazizi as a Political Agent.” Geopolitics 22 (1): 91–109. doi:10.1080/14650045.2016.1208654.
- Khondker, H. H. 2011. “Role of the New Media in the Arab Spring.” Globalizations 8 (5): 675–679. doi:10.1080/14747731.2011.621287.
- Kim, J., J. Bae, and M. Hastak. 2018. “Emergency Information Diffusion on Online Social Media During Storm Cindy in US.” International Journal of Information Management 40: 153–165. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.02.003.
- Kipfer, S., and K. Goonewardena. 2007. “Colonization and The New Imperialism: On the Meaning of Urbicide Today.” Theory and Event 10 (2): 1–39.
- Kiriya, I. 2014. “Social Media as a Tool of Political Isolation in the Russian Public Sphere.” Journal of Print and Media Technology Research 3 (2): 131–138.
- Kotsiopoulos, I. 2014. “Social Media in Crisis Management: Role, Potential and Risk.” IEEE/ACM 7th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing (UCC), London, UK, December 8–11.
- Luna, S., and M. J. Pennock. 2018. “Social Media Applications and Emergency Management: A Literature Review and Research Agenda.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 28: 565–577. doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.01.006.
- Matsumura, N., A. Miura, M. Komori, and K. Hiraishi. 2016. “Media and Sentiments in the Great East Japan Earthquake Related Tweets – Social Media as ‘Meta Media’.” 10th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC), Laguna Hills, CA, February 4–6.
- McIntyre, M., and H. Nast. 2011. “Bio(Necro)Polis: Marx, Surplus Populations, and the Spatial Dialectics of Reproduction and ‘Race’.” Antipode 43 (5): 1465–1488. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00906.x
- Miklian, J., and K. Hoelscher. 2018. “A New Research Approach for Peace Innovation.” Innovation and Development 8 (2): 189–207. doi:10.1080/2157930X.2017.1349580.
- Min, S. J., and D. Y. Wohn. 2018. “All the News That you Don’t Like: Cross-Cutting Exposure and Political Participation in the Age of Social Media.” Computers in Human Behavior 83: 24–31. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.01.015.
- NAR (Never Again Rwanda). 2018. Building a ‘Digital Space’ For Peace. http://neveragainrwanda.org/news/building-%E2%80%98digital-space%E2%80%99-peace.
- Ngoh, V. 2001. Southern Cameroons, 1922–1961: A Constitutional History. Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Nyamnjoh, Francis. 2017. Literature List on the Anglophone Crisis and Internet Shutdown in Cameroon [Online]. Accessed June 12, 2018. http://www.ascleiden.nl/news/reading-list-anglophone-crisis-and-internet-shutdown-cameroon.
- Okada, A., Y. Ishida, and N. Yamauchi. 2017. “Effectiveness of Social Media in Disaster Fundraising: Mobilizing the Public Towards Voluntary Actions.” International Journal of Public Administration in the Digital Age 4 (1): 49–68. doi:10.4018/ijpada.2017010104.
- Olatunde, J. 2016. “The Influence of Social Media on Peacebuilding in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria.” Research Report. http://196.222.5.9/bitstream/handle/123456789/4356/Fajimbola%2C%20Joshua%20Olatunde.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
- Osakwe, C. 2014. “The Arab Spring and its Implications for Nigerian National Security.” Journal of Politics and Law 7 (1): 23–29. doi:10.5539/jpl.v7n1p23.
- Prouse, C. 2017. “Autoconstruction 2.0: Social Media Contestations of Racialized Violence in Complexo do AlemAo.” Antipode 50 (3): 621–640. doi:10.1111/anti.12370.
- Pugliese, J. 2014. “Permanent Revolution: Mohamed Bouazizi’s Incendiary Ethics of Revolt.” Law Culture and the Humanities 10 (3): 408–420. doi:10.1177/1743872112448339.
- Roy Rosenzweig Center for History and New Media and the Corporation for Digital Scholarship. 2019. Zotero [Computer software]. www.zotero.org.
- Sarrica, M., M. Farinosi, F. Comunello, S. Brondi, L. Parisi, and L. Fortunati. 2018. “Shaken and Stirred: Social Representations, Social Media, and Community Empowerment in Emergency Contexts.” Semiotica 2018 (222): 321–346. doi:10.1515/sem-2016-0208.
- Schneider, Christopher J. 2016. Policing and Social Media: Social Control in an Era of New Media. London: Lexington Books.
- Shin, J., L. Jian, K. Driscoll, and F. Bar. 2018. “The Diffusion of Misinformation on Social Media: Temporal Pattern, Message, and Source.” Computers in Human Behavior 83: 278–287. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.008.
- Silverman, C. 2018. Can Positive Messaging on Social Media Promote Peacebuilding in Myanmar? http://muep.mau.se/handle/2043/25017.
- Smidi, A., and S. Shahin. 2017. “Social Media and Social Mobilisation in the Middle East: A Survey of Research on the Arab Spring.” India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 73 (2): 196–209. doi:10.1177/0974928417700798.
- Social Media [Def. 1]. n.d. Cambridge Dictionary Online. Accessed February 14, 2019. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/social-media.
- Takang, A. B. 2017. “Press Release: President Biya Orders Release of Detained Anglophone Leaders & Others,” April 24. http://www.cameroon-embassy.nl/press-release-president-biya-orders-release-of-detained-anglophone-leaders-others.
- UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs). 2018. “Emergency Response Plan,” May. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/cmr_nw_sw_fa_2018-05_summary_v07_light_0.pdf.
- Wolfsfeld, G., E. Segev, and T. Sheafer. 2013. “Social Media and the Arab Spring: Politics Comes First.” The International Journal of Press/Politics 18 (2): 115–137. doi:10.1177/1940161212471716.
- Yearworth, M., and L. White. 2018. “Spontaneous Emergence of Community OR: Self-Initiating, Self-Organising Problem Structuring Mediated by Social Media.” European Journal of Operational Research 268 (3): 809–824. doi:10.1016/j.ejor.2018.01.024.
- Yiftachel, O. 2009. “Critical Theory and ‘Gray Space’: Mobilization of the Colonized.” City 13 (2/3): 246–263. doi:10.1080/13604810902982227.