The Relationship Between Students’ Motives to Communicate With Their Instructors and Classroom Environment

References

• Bingham , S. G. , Carlson , R. E. , Dwyer , K. K. , & Prisbell , M. ( 2009 ). Student misbehaviors, instructor responses, and connected classroom climate: Implications for the basic course . Basic Communication Course Annual , 21 , 30 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Cayanus , J. L. , Martin , M. M. , & Goodboy , A. K. ( 2009 ). The relation between teacher self-disclosure and student motives to communicate . Communication Research Reports , 26 , 105 – 113 . doi: 10.1080/088240902861523
   Google Scholar
• Darling , A. L. , & Civikly , J. M. ( 1987 ). The effects of teacher humor on student perceptions of classroom communicative climate . Journal of Classroom Interaction , 22 , 24 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Dunleavy , K. N. ( 2006 ). The effect of instructor humor on perceived instructor credibility, student state motivation, and student motives to communicate in the classroom . Kentucky Journal of Communication , 25 , 39 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Duran , R. L. , Kelly , L. , & Keaten , J. A. ( 2005 ). College faculty use and perceptions of electronic mail to communicate with students . Communication Quarterly , 53 , 159 – 176 . doi: 10.1080/01463370500090118
   Google Scholar
• Dwyer , K. K. , Bingham , S. G. , Carlson , R. E. , Prisbell , M. , Cruz , A. M. , & Fus , D. A. ( 2004 ). Communication and connectedness in the classroom: Development of the Connected Classroom Climate Inventory . Communication Research Reports , 21 , 264 – 272 . doi: 10.1080/08820490409359988
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , C. , & Myers , S. A. ( 2010 ). The relationship between students’ self-reported aggressive communication and motives to communicate with their instructors . Psychological Reports , 106 , 1 – 3 . doi: 10.2466/PR0.106.1.131-133
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fassinger , P. L. ( 2000 ). How classes influence students’ participation in college classrooms . Journal of Classroom Interaction , 35 ( 2 ), 38 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Forward , G. L. , Czech , K. , & Lee , C. M. (2011). Assessing Gibb's supportive and defensive communication climate: An examination of measurement and construct validity. Communication Research Reports , 28, 1–15. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2011.541360
   Google Scholar
• Friedrich , G. W. , & Cooper , P. ( 1999 ). The first day . In A. L. Vangelisti , J. A. Daly , & G. W. Friedrich (Eds.), Teaching communication: Theory, research, and methods ( , 2nd ed. , pp. 287 – 296 ). Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Frisby , B. N. , & Martin , M. M. ( 2010 ). Instructor–student and student–student rapport in the classroom . Communication Education , 59 , 146 – 164 . doi: 10.1080/03634520903564302
   Google Scholar
• Gendrin , D. M. , & Rucker , M. L. ( 2007 ). Student motives for communicating and instructor immediacy: A matched-race institutional comparison . Atlantic Journal of Communication , 15 , 41 – 60 . doi: 10.1080/15456870701212682
   Google Scholar
• Gibb , J. R. ( 1961 ). Defensive communication . Journal of Communication , 11 , 141 – 148 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaser , H. F. , & Bingham , S. ( 2009 ). Students’ perceptions of their connectedness in the community college basic public speaking course . Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning , 9 , 57 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Goodboy , A. K. , & Bolkan , S. ( 2011 ). Student motives for communicating with instructors as a function of perceived instructor power use . Communication Research Reports , 28 , 109 – 114 . doi: 10.1080/08824096.2011.541368
   Google Scholar
• Goodboy , A. K. , Martin , M. M. , & Bolkan , S. ( 2009 ). The development and validation of the Student Communication Satisfaction scale . Communication Education , 58 , 372 – 396 . doi: 10.1080/03634520902755441
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodboy , A. K. , & Myers , S. A. ( 2008 ). The effect of teacher confirmation on student communication and learning outcomes . Communication Education , 57 , 153 – 179 . doi: 10.1080/03634520701787777
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodboy , A. K. , Myers , S. A. , & Bolkan , S. ( 2010 ). Student motives for communicating with instructors as a function of perceived instructor misbehaviors . Communication Research Reports , 27 , 11 – 19 . doi: 10.1080/08824090903526604
   Google Scholar
• Hays , E. R. ( 1970 ). Ego-threatening classroom communication: A factor analysis of student perceptions . Speech Teacher , 19 , 43 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Houser , M. L. ( 2005 ). Are we violating their expectations?: Instructor communication expectations of traditional and nontraditional students . Communication Quarterly , 53 , 213 – 228 . doi: 10.1080/01463370500090332
   Google Scholar
• Howard , J. R. , Short , L. B. , & Clark , S. M. ( 1996 ). Students’ participation in the mixed-age college classroom . Teaching Sociology , 24 , 8 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. I. ( 2009 ). Connected classroom climate: A validity study . Communication Research Reports , 26 , 146 – 157 . doi: 10.1080/0882409090286122
   Google Scholar
• Jordan , W. J. , & Powers , W. G. ( 2007 ). Development of a measure of student apprehension toward communicating with instructors . Human Communication , 10 , 20 – 32 .
   Google Scholar
• Katt , J. A. , McCroskey , J. C. , Sivo , S. A. , Richmond , V. P. , & Valencic , K. M. ( 2009 ). A structural equation modeling evaluation of the general model of instructional communication . Communication Quarterly , 57 , 239 – 258 . doi: 10.1080014633709/03107196
   Google Scholar
• Kelly , L. , Duran , R. L. , & Zolten , J. J. ( 2001 ). The effect of reticence on college students’ use of electronic mail to communicate with faculty . Communication Education , 50 , 170 – 176 . doi: 10.0180/03634520109379242
   Google Scholar
• Kerssen-Griep , J. , Trees , A. R. , & Hess , J. A. ( 2008 ). Attentive facework during instructional feedback: Key to perceiving mentorship and an optimal learning environment . Communication Education , 57 , 312 – 332 . doi: 10.1080/03634520802027347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp , J. L. ( 2010 ). The influence of students on instructor out-of-class communication, job satisfaction, and motivation . Human Communication , 13 , 171 – 196 .
   Google Scholar
• Mansson , D. H. , & Myers , S. A. ( 2009 ). A reexamination of Swedish and American college students’ communicative attributes . Journal of Intercultural Communication Research , 38 , 9 – 22 . doi: 10.1080/17475750903381622
   Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Cayanus , J. L. , Weber , K. , & Goodboy , A. K. (2006). College students’ stress and its impact on their motivation and communication with their instructors. In M. V. Landow (Ed.), Stress and mental health of college students (pp. 149–169). Hauppauge , NY : Nova Science.
   Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Mottet , T. P. , & Myers , S. A. ( 2000 ). Students’ motives for communicating with their instructors and affective and cognitive learning . Psychological Reports , 87 , 830 – 834 . doi: 10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Myers , S. A. , & Mottet , T. P. ( 1999 ). Students’ motives for communicating with their instructors . Communication Education , 48 , 155 – 164 . doi: 10.1080/03634529003/0163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Myers , S. A. , & Mottet , T. P. ( 2002 ). Student motives for communicating in the college classroom . In J. L. Chesebro & J. C. McCroskey (Eds.), Communication for teachers (pp. 35 – 46 ). Boston , MA : Allyn & Bacon .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Myers , S. A. , & Mottet , T. P. ( 2006 ). Students’ Machiavellianism and motives for communicating with instructors . Psychological Reports , 98 , 861 – 864 . doi: 10.2466/PR0.98.3.861–864
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Valencic , K. M. , & Heisel , A. D. ( 2001 , April ). The relationship between students’ motives for communicating with their instructors with their perceptions of their instructors’ nonverbal immediacy. Paper presented at the meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Portland, ME .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , M. M. , Valencic , K. M. , & Heisel , A. D. ( 2002 ). The relationship between students’ communication apprehension and their motives for communicating with their instructors . Communication Research Reports , 19 , 1 – 7 . doi: 10.1080/08824090209384826
   Google Scholar
• Mazer , J. P. , Murphy , R. E. , & Simonds , C. J. ( 2007 ). I'll see you on “Facebook”: The effects of computer-mediated teacher self-disclosure on student motivation, affective learning, and classroom climate . Communication Education , 56 , 1 – 17 . doi: 10.1080/0363452060100/9710
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCroskey , J. C. , Valencic , K. M. , & Richmond , V. P. ( 2004 ). Toward a general model of instructional communication . Communication Quarterly , 52 , 197 – 210 . doi: 10.1080/01463370409370192
   Google Scholar
• Mottet , T. P. , Martin , M. M. , & Myers , S. A. ( 2004 ). Relationships among perceived instructor verbal approach and avoidance relational strategies and students’ motives for communicating with their instructors . Communication Education , 53 , 116 – 122 . doi: 10.10/0363452032000135814
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. ( 1995 ). Student perceptions of teacher affinity-seeking and classroom climate . Communication Research Reports , 12 , 192 – 199 . doi: 10.1080/088240995093622056
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. ( 2006 ). Using Leader–Member Exchange Theory to explain students’ motives to communicate . Communication Quarterly , 54 , 293 – 304 . doi: 10.1080/0146337060087/8008
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , & Bryant , L. E. ( 2005 ). The relationship between students’ motives to communicate and perceived instructor functional communication skills . Journal of the Speech and Theatre Association of Missouri , 35 , 47 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , Edwards , C. , Wahl , S. T. , & Martin , M. M. ( 2007 ). The relationship between perceived instructor aggressive communication and college student involvement . Communication Education , 56 , 495 – 508 . doi: 10.1080/03634520701466398
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , & Huebner , A. D. ( 2011 ). The relationship between students’ motives to communicate with their instructors and perceived instructor credibility, attraction, and homophily . College Student Journal , 45 , 84 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , Martin , M. M. , & Mottet , T. P. ( 2002a ). The relationship between student communication motives and information seeking . Communication Research Reports , 19 , 352 – 361 . doi: 10.1080/08824090209384863
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , Martin , M. M. , & Mottet , T. P. ( 2002b ). Students’ motives for communicating with their instructors: Considering instructor socio-communicative style, socio-communicative orientation, and student gender . Communication Education , 51 , 121 – 133 . doi: 10.1080/03634520216511
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , Mottet , T. P. , & Martin , M. M. (2000). The relationship between student communication motives and perceived instructor communicator style. Communication Research Reports , 17, 161–170. doi: 10.1080/08824090009388762
   Google Scholar
• Myers , S. A. , & Rocca , K. A. ( 2001 ). Perceived instructor argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness in the college classroom: Effects on student perceptions of climate, apprehension, and state motivation . Western Journal of Communication , 65 , 113 – 137 . doi: 10.1080/10570310109374696
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neer , M. R. , & Kircher , W. F. ( 1989 ). Apprehensives’ perception of classroom factors influencing their class participation . Communication Research Reports , 6 , 70 – 77 . doi: 10.1080/08824098904359836
   Google Scholar
• Plax , T. G. , Kearney , P. , McCroskey , J. C. , & Richmond , V. P. ( 1986 ). Power in the classroom VI: Verbal control strategies, nonverbal immediacy, and affective learning . Communication Education , 35 , 43 – 55 . doi: 10.1080/03634528609388318
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prisbell , M. ( 1990 ). Classroom communication satisfaction, teacher uncertainty and course certainty over time . Communication Research Reports , 7 , 20 – 23 . doi: 10.1080/08824099009359849
   Google Scholar
• Prisbell , M. , Dwyer , K. K. , Carlson , R. E. , Bingham , S. , & Cruz , A. M. ( 2009 ). Connected classroom climate and communication in the basic course: Associations with learning . Basic Communication Course Annual , 21 , 145 – 177 .
   Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld , L. B. ( 1983 ). Communication climate and coping mechanisms in the college classroom . Communication Education , 32 , 167 – 174 . doi: 10.1080/03634528309378526
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld , L. B. , & Jarrard , M. W. ( 1985 ). The effects of perceive sexism in female and male college professors on students’ descriptions of classroom climate . Communication Education , 34 , 205 – 213 . doi: 10.1080/03634628509378608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidelinger , R. J. , & Booth-Butterfield , M. ( 2010 ). Co-constructing student involvement: An examination of teacher confirmation and student-to-student connectedness in the college classroom . Communication Education , 59 , 165 – 184 . doi: 10.1080/03634520903390867
   Google Scholar
• Strage , A. ( 2008 ). Traditional and non-traditional college students’ descriptions of the “ideal” professor and the “ideal” course and perceived strengths and limitations . College Student Journal , 42 , 225 – 231 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuart , W. D. , & Rosenfeld , L. R. ( 1994 ). Student perceptions of teacher humor and classroom climate . Communication Research Reports , 11 , 87 – 97 . doi: 10.1080/08824099409359944
   Google Scholar
• Trickett , E. J. , & Moos , R. H. ( 1973 ). Social environment of junior high and high school classrooms . Journal of Educational Psychology , 65 , 93 – 102 . doi: 10.1037/h0034823
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldeck , J. H. ( 2006 ). Raising the question #3: What does “personalized education” mean for faculty, and how should it serve our students? Communication Education , 55 , 345 – 352 . doi: 10.1080/03634520600748649
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldeck , J. H. ( 2007 ). Answering the question: Student perceptions of personalized education and the construct's relationship to learning outcomes . Communication Education , 56 , 409 – 432 . doi: 10.1080/036345207014000090
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver , R. R. , & Qi , J. ( 2005 ). Classroom organization and participation: College students’ perceptions . Journal of Higher Education , 76 , 571 – 601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber , K. , Martin , M. M. , & Cayanus , J. L. ( 2005 ). Student interest: A two-study re-examination of the concept . Communication Quarterly , 53 , 71 – 86 . doi: 10.1080/01463375000055996
   Google Scholar
• Weiss , S. D. , & Houser , M. L. ( 2007 ). Student communication motives and interpersonal attraction toward instructor . Communication Research Reports , 24 , 215 – 224 . doi: 10.1080/08824090701439091
   Google Scholar
• Williams , K. D. , & Frymier , A. B. ( 2007 ). The relationship between student educational orientation and motives for out-of-class communication . Communication Research Reports , 24 , 249 – 256 . doi: 10.1080/08824090701446625
   Google Scholar
• Worley , D. , Titsworth , S. , Worley , D. W. , & Cornett-DeVito , M. ( 2007 ). Instructional communication competence: Lessons learned from award-winning teachers . Communication Studies , 58 , 207 – 222 . doi: 10.1080/10510970701341170
   Google Scholar