580
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Computer-Mediated Coping: Exploring the Quality of Supportive Communication in an Online Discussion Forum for Individuals Who Are Coping with Racial Discrimination

&

References

  • Barak, A., Boniel-Nissim, M., & Suler, J. (2008). Fostering empowerment in online support groups. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1867–1883. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.004
  • Bodie, G. D., Burleson, B. R., & Jones, S. M. (2012). Explaining the relationships among supportive message quality, evaluations, and outcomes: A dual-process approach. Communication Monographs, 79, 1–22. doi:10.1080/03637751.2011.646491
  • Brandolo, E., Brady ver Halen, N., Pencille, M., Beatty, D., & Contrada, R. J. (2009). Coping with racism: A selective review of the literature and a theoretical methodological critique. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 32, 64–88. doi:10.1007/s10865-008-9193-0
  • Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Burleson, B. R. (1982). The development of comforting communication skills in childhood and adolescence. Child Development, 53, 1578–1588. doi:10.2307/1130086
  • Burleson, B. R. (1987). Cognitive complexity. In J. C. McCroskey & J. A. Daly (Eds.), Personality and interpersonal communication (pp. 305–349). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Burleson, B. R. (1994). Comforting communication: Significance, approaches, and effects. In B. R. Burleson, T. L. Albrecht, & I. G. Sarason (Eds.), Communication of social support: Messages, interactions, relationships, and community (pp. 3–28). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Burleson, B. R. (2003). Emotional support skill. In J. O. Greene & B. R. Burleson (Eds.), Handbook of communication and social interaction skills (pp. 551–594). Mawah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Burleson, B. R., & Goldsmith, D. J. (1998). How the comforting process works: Alleviating emotional distress through conversationally induced reappraisals. In P. A. Andersen & L. K. Guerrero (Eds.), Handbook of communication and emotion: Research, theory, applications, and contexts (pp. 245–280). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  • Burleson, B. R., Hanasono, L. K., Bodie, G. D., Holmstrom, A. J., Rack, J. J., Rosier, J. G., & McCullough, J. D. (2009). Explaining gender differences in responses to supportive messages: Two tests of a dual-process approach. Sex Roles, 61, 265–280. doi:10.1007/s11199-009-9623-7
  • Burleson, B. R., Holmstrom, A. J., & Gilstrap, C. M. (2005). “Guys can’t say that to guys”: Four experiments assessing the normative motivation account for deficiencies in the emotional support provided by men. Communication Monographs, 72, 468–501. doi:10.1080/03637750500322636
  • Burleson, B. R., & MacGeorge, E. L. (2002). Supportive communication. In M. L. Knapp, J. A. Daly, & G. R. Miller (Eds.), Handbook of interpersonal communication (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Burleson, B. R., & Mortenson, S. (2003). Explaining cultural differences in evaluations of emotional support behaviors: Exploring the mediating influences of value systems and interaction goals. Communication Research, 30, 113–146. doi:10.1177/0093650202250873
  • Burleson, B. R., & Samter, W. (1985). Consistencies in theoretical and naive evaluations of comforting messages. Communication Monographs, 52, 103–123. doi:10.1080/03637758509376099
  • Clark, R., & Gochett, P. (2006). Interactive effects of perceived racism and coping responses predict a school-based assessment of blood pressure in Black youth. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 32, 1–9. doi:10.1207/s15324796abm3201_1
  • Corneil, D. W. (1998). Social support. In J. M. Stellman (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of occupational health and safety (vol. 4, pp. 1982–1983). Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office.
  • Cutrona, C. E., & Russell, D. W. (1990). Type of social support and specific stress: Toward a theory of optimal matching. In B. R. Sarason, I. G. Sarason, & G. R. Pierce (Eds.), Social support: An interactional view (pp. 319–366). New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Czopp, A. M., & Monteith, M. J. (2003). Confronting prejudice (literally): Reactions to confrontations of racial and gender bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 532–544. doi:10.1177/0146167202250923
  • Davis, K., Randall, D. P., Ambrose, A., & Orand, M. (2014). “I was bullied too”: Sories of bullying and coping in an online community. Information, Communication & Society, 18, 357–375. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2014.952657
  • Eberhardt, J. L., & Fiske, S. T. (1996). Motivating individuals to change: What is a target to do? In C. N. Macrae, C. Stangor, & M. Hewstone (Eds.), Stereotypes and stereotyping (pp. 369–415). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Eichhorn, K. C. (2008). Soliciting and providing social support over the Internet: An investigation of online eating disorder support groups. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14, 67–78. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2008.01431.x
  • Ellison, N., Heino, R., & Gibbs, J. (2006). Managing impressions online: Self-presentation processes in the online dating environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, 415–441. doi:10.1111/jcmc.2006.11.issue-2
  • Experience Project. (2012). I experienced racism. Retrieved from www.experienceproject.com/groups/experience-racism
  • Flynn, M. A., & Stana, A. (2012). Social support in a men’s online eating disorder forum. International Journal of Men’s Health, 11, 150–169. doi:10.3149/jmh.1102.150
  • Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays on face-to-face behavior. Chicago, IL: Aldine.
  • Goldsmith, D. J. (1994). The role of facework in supportive communication. In B. R. Burleson, T. L. Albrecht, & I. G. Sarason (Eds.), Communication of social support: Messages, interactions, relationships, and community (pp. 29–49). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Goldsmith, D. J. (2004). Communicating social support. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
  • Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360–1380. doi:10.1086/ajs.1973.78.issue-6
  • Hanasono, L. K., Chen, L., & Wilson, S. R. (2014). Identifying communities in need: Examining the impact of acculturation on perceived discrimination, social support, and coping amongst racial minority members in the United States. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 7, 216–237. doi:10.1080/17513057.2014.929201
  • Hong, Y., Peña-Purcell, N. C., & Ory, M. G. (2012). Outcomes of online support and resources for cancer survivors: A systematic literature review. Patient Education and Counseling, 86, 288–296. doi:10.1016/j.pec.2011.06.014
  • Jones, C. R., Ferreday, D., & Hodgson, V. (2007). Networked learning a relational approach: Weak and strong ties. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 24, 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2729.2007.00271.x
  • Jones, S. (2004). Putting the person into person-centered and immediate emotional support: Emotional change and perceived helper competence as outcomes of comforting in helping situations. Communication Research, 31, 338–360. doi:10.1177/0093650204263436
  • Jones, S. M., & Guerrero, L. K. (2001). The effects of nonverbal immediacy and verbal person centeredness in the emotional support process. Human Communication Research, 27, 567–596. doi:10.1111/hcre.2001.27.issue-4
  • Kaiser, C. R., & Miller, C. T. (2001). Stop complaining! The social costs of making attributions to discrimination. PSPB, 27(2), 254–263.
  • Kavanaugh, A. L., Reese, D. D., Carroll, J. M., & Rosson, M. B. (2005). Weak ties in networked communities. The Information Society, 21, 119–131. doi:10.1080/01972240590925320
  • Leets, L. (2002). Experiencing hate speech: Perceptions and responses to anti-semitism and antigay speech. Journal of Social Issues, 58, 341–361. doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00264
  • MacGeorge, E. L., Feng, B., Butler, G. L., & Budarz, S. K. (2004). Understanding advice in supportive interactions: Beyond the facework and message evaluation paradigm. Human Communication Research, 30, 42–70.
  • MacGeorge, E. L., Feng, B., & Thompson, E. R. (2008). “Good” and “bad” advice: How to advise more effectively. In M. Motley (Ed.), Applied interpersonal communication: Behaviors that affect outcomes (pp. 145–164). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • MacGeorge, E. L., Gillihan, S. J., Samter, W., & Clark, R. A. (2003). Skill deficit or differential motivation?: Testing alternative explanations for gender differences in the provision of emotional support. Communication Research, 30, 272–303. doi:10.1177/0093650203030003002
  • MacGeorge, E. L., Lichtman, R. M., & Pressey, L. C. (2002). The evaluation of advice in supportive interactions: Facework and contextual factors. Human Communication Research, 28, 451–463. doi:10.1111/hcre.2002.28.issue-3
  • Major, B., & O’Brien, L. T. (2005). The social psychology of stigma. Annual Review of Psychology, 56, 393–421. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070137
  • McCormack, A., & Coulson, N. (2009). Individuals with eating disorders and the use of online support groups as a form of social support. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 3, 1–12.
  • Metts, S. (2000). Face and facework: Implications for the study of personal relationships. In K. Dindia & S. Duck (Eds.), Communication and personal relationships (pp. 77–93). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  • Miller, C. T., & Kaiser, C. R. (2001). Implications of mental models of self and others for the targets of stigmatization. In M. R. Leary (Ed.), Interpersonal rejection (pp. 189–212). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Miller, C. T., & Major, B. (2000). Coping with stigma and prejudice. In T. F. Heatherton, R. E. Kleck, M. R. Hebl, & J. G. Hull (Eds.), The social psychology of stigma (pp. 243–272). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
  • Myers, H. F., Lewis, T. T., & Parker-Dominguez, T. (2003). Stress, coping, and minority health: Biopsychosocial perspective on ethnic health disparities. In G. Bernal, J. E. Trimble, A. K. Burlew, & F. T. L. Leong (Eds.), Handbook of racial and ethnic minority psychology (pp. 377–400). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Parkinson, B., & Manstead, A. S. R. (1993). Making sense of emotion in stories and social life. Cognition & Emotion, 7, 295–323. doi:10.1080/02699939308409191
  • Pascoe, E. A., & Richman, L. S. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 531–554. doi:10.1037/a0016059
  • Servaty-Seib, H. L., & Burleson, B. R. (2007). Bereaved adolescents’ evaluations of the helpfulness of support-intended statements: Associations with person-centeredness and demographic, personality, and contextual factors. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 24, 207–223. doi:10.1177/0265407507075411
  • Spottswood, E. L., Walther, J. B., Holmstrom, A. J., & Ellison, N. B. (2013). Person-centered emotional support and gender attributions in computer-mediated communication. Human Communication Research, 39, 295–316. doi:10.1111/hcre.12006
  • Turner, J. W., Grube, J. A., & Meyers, J. (2001). Developing an optimal match within online communities: An exploration of CMC support communities and traditional support. Journal of Communication, 51(2), 231–251. doi:10.1111/jcom.2001.51.issue-2
  • Tynes, B. M., Giang, M. T., Williams, D. R., & Thompson, G. N. (2008). Online racial discrimination and psychological adjustment among adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 43, 565–569. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.08.021
  • Vayreda, A., & Antaki, C. (2009). Social support and unsolicited advice in a bipolar disorder online forum. Qualitative Health Research, 19, 931–942. doi:10.1177/1049732309338952
  • Walther, J. B. (1992). Interpersonal effects in computer-mediated interaction: A relational perspective. Communication Research, 19, 52–90. doi:10.1177/009365092019001003
  • Williams, S. L., & Mickelson, K. D. (2008). A paradox of support seeking and rejection among the stigmatized. Personal Relationships, 15, 493–509. doi:10.1111/pere.2008.15.issue-4
  • Ye, J. (2006). Traditional and online support networks in the cross-cultural adaptation of Chinese international students in the United States. Journal of Computer‐Mediated Communication, 11, 863–876. doi:10.1111/jcmc.2006.11.issue-3

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.