Locomotor Behavioral Response of Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) to Subacute Mercury Stress Monitored by Video Tracking System

REFERENCES

• Alazemi B. M., Lewis J. W., Andrews E. B. Gill damage in the freshwater fish Gnathonemus petersii (Family: Mormyridae) exposed to selected pollutants: an ultrastructural study. Environ. Technol. 1996; 17(3)225–238
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen P., Yoke S., Keong W. M. Acute effects of mercury chloride on intracellular GSH level and mercury distribution in the fish Oreochromis aureus. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1988; 40: 178–184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almazán-Rueda P., Schrama J. W., Verreth J. A. J. Behavioural responses under different feeding methods and light regimes of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles. Aquaculture 2004; 231(1–4)347–359
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• APHA. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater20th. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC 1998
   Google Scholar
• Brewer S. K., Little E. E., DeLonay A. J., Beauvais S. L., Jones S. B., Ellersieck M. R. Behavioural dysfunctions correlate to altered physiology in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to cholinesterase-inhibiting chemicals. Arch. Environ. Con. Tox. 2001; 40: 70–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bridges C. M. Tadpole swimming performance and activity affected by acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1997; 16(9)1935–1939
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burger J., Gaines K. F., Boring C. S., Stephens W. L., Jr., Snodgrass J., Gochfeld M. Mercury and selenium in fish from the Savannah River: species, trophic level, and locational differences. Environ. Res. 2001; 87(1)108–118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cengiz E. I., Unlu E. Histopathological changes in the gills of mosquito fish, (Gambusia affinis) exposed to endosulfan. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2002; 68(2)290–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cengiz E. I., Unlu E., Balci K. The histopathological effects of thiodan on the liver and gut of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). J. Environ. Sci. Health B. 2001; 36(1)75–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohn J., MacPhail R. C. Ethological and experimental approaches to behaviour analysis: implications for ecotoxicology. Environ. Health Perspectives. 1996; 104: 299–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke S. J., Chandroo K. P., Beddow T. A., Moccia R. D., McKinley R. S. Swimming activity and energetic expenditure of captive rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) estimated by electromyogram telemetry. Aquac. Res. 2000; 31: 495–505
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daoust P. Y., Wobeser G., Newstead J. D. Acute pathological effects of inorganic mercury and copper in gills of rainbow trout. Vet. Pathol. 1984; 21: 93–101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dell'Omo G., Pleskacheva M. G., Wolfer D. P., Lipp H. P., Shore R. F. Comparative effects of exposure to an organophosphate pesticide on locomotor activity of laboratory mice and five species of wild rodents. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2003; 70(1)138–145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devereux R., Michael R. W., Janet W., David A. S. Depth profile of sulfate-reducing bacterial ribosomal RNA and mercury methylation in an estuarine sediment. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 1996; 20: 23–31
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisler R. Mercury Hazards to Fish, Wildlife and Invertebrates: A Synoptic Review. Biological Report No. 85 (1.10), 1987, Washington, DC: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
   Google Scholar
• Finney D. J. Probit Analysis2nd. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1953
   Google Scholar
• Gilmour C. C., Henry E. A., Mitchell R. Sulfate stimulation of mercury methylation in freshwater sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1992; 26: 2287–2294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall B. D., Bodaly R. A., Fudge R. J. P., Rudd J. W. M., Rosenberg D. M. Food as the dominant pathway of methylmercury uptake by fish. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1997; 100(1–2)13–24
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen J. A., Marr J. C. A., Lipton J., Cacela D., Bergman H. L. Difference in neurobehavioural response of chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and rainbow trout, Oncorynchus mykiss exposed to copper and cobalt, behavioural avoidance. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1999; 18: 1972–1978
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassanein H. M. Toxicological effects of the herbicide oxyfluorfen on acetylcholinesterase in two fish species: Oreochromis niloticus and Gambusia affinis. J. Environ. Sci. Health A 2002; 37(4)521–527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heath A. C. Water Pollution and Fish Physiology2nd. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL 1995, Lewis
   Google Scholar
• Hopkins W. A., Tatara C. P., Brant H. A., Jagoe C. H. Relationships between mercury body concentrations, standard metabolic rate, and body mass in Eastern Mosquitofish (Gambusia Holbrooki) from three experimental populations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2003; 22(3)586–590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Israeli-Weinstein D., Kimmel E. Behavioural response of carp Cyprinus carpio to ammonia stress. Aquaculture 1998; 165(1)81–93
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kane A. S., Salierno J. D., Gipson G. T., Molteno T. C. A., Hunter C. A video-based movement analysis system to quantify behavioural stress responses of fish. Water Res. 2004; 38(18)3993–4001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khangarot B. S., Ray P. K. Correlation between heavy metals acute toxicity values in Dhaphnia magna and fish. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1987; 38: 722–726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristiansen T. S., Ferno A., Holm J. C., Privitera L., Bakke S., Fosseidengen J. E. Swimming behaviour as an indicator of low growth rate and impaired welfare in Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. reared at three stocking densities. Aquaculture 2004; 230(1–4)137–151
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilius H., Isomaa B., Holmstr M. T. A comparison of the toxicity of 50 reference chemicals to freshly isolated rainbow trout hepatocytes and Daphnia magna. Aquat. Toxicol. 1994; 30: 47–60
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little E. E., Finger S. E. Swimming behavior as an indicator of sublethal toxicity in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1990; 9: 13–19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucas P., Noldus J. J., Andrew S., Ruud A., Tegelenbosh J. Computerized video tracking, movement analysis and behavior recognition in insects. Comput. Electron. Agric. 2002; 35(2–3)201–227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin J. A portrait of locomotor behaviour in Drosophila determined by a video-tracking paradigm. Behav. Process. 2003; 67(2)207–219
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McFarlane W. J., Cubitt K. F., Williams H., Rowsell D., Moccia R., Gosine R., McKinley R. S. Can feeding status and stress level be assessed by analyzing patterns of muscle activity in free swimming rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Aquaculture 2004; 239(4)467–484
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira R. C. A., Pelletier E., Pfeiffer W. C., Rouleau C. Comparative uptake, bioaccumulation and gill damages of inorganic mercury in tropical and nordic freshwater fish. Environ. Res. 2000; 83(3)286–292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelletier E. Environmental organometallic chemistry of mercury, tin and lead. Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems, A. Tessier, D. R. Turner. John Wiley & Sons, New York 1995; 3: 103–149
   Google Scholar
• Pereira J. J. Morphological effects of mercury exposure on windowpane flounder gills as observed by scanning electron microscopy. J. Fish Biol. 1988; 33: 571–580
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rand G. M., Potrocelli S. R. Introduction. Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology: Methods and Application, G. M. Rand, S. R. Potrocelli. Hemisphere Publishing, London 1985; 1–28
   Google Scholar
• Saglio P., Trijasse S. Behavioural responses to atrazine and diuron in goldfish. Arch. Environ. Con. Tox. 1998; 35(3)484–491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherrer E. Behavioural responses as indicator of environmental alterations: approaches, results, developments. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 1992; 8: 122–131
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadehl H., Häder D. P. Automated biomonitoring using real time movement analysis of Euglena gracilis. Ecotox. Environ. Safe 2001; 48: 161–169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNEP/FAO/IAEA. Estimation of the Acute Lethal Toxicity of Pollutants to Marine Fish and Invertebrates. Reference Methods for Marine Pollution Studies No. 43, 1989, Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme
   Google Scholar
• Venkateswara Rao J., Parvathi K., Kavitha P., Jakka N. M., Pallela R. Effect of chlorpyrifos and monocrotophos on locomotor behaviour and acetylcholinesterase activity of subterranean termites, Odontotermes obesus. Pest Manag. Sci. 2005; 61(4)417–421
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkateswara Rao J., Begum Ghousia, Jakka N. M., Srikanth K., Nageswara Rao R. Sublethal effects of profenofos on locomotor behavior and gill architecture of the mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 2006a; 29: 255–267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venkateswara Rao J., Srikanth K., Arepalli S. K., Gunda V. G. Toxic effects of acephate on Paramecium caudatum with special emphasis on morphology, behaviour and generation time. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 2006b; 86: 131–139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vogl C., Grillitsch B., Wytek R., Hunrich Spieser O., Scholz W. Qualification of spontaneous undirected locomotor behaviour of fish for sublethal toxicity testing. Part I. Variability of measurement parameters under general test conditions. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 1999; 18(12)2736–2742
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webb M. The metallothioneins. The Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biology of Cadmium, M. Webb. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam 1979; 195–266
   Google Scholar
• Wiener J. G., Spry D. J. Toxicological significance of mercury in freshwater fish. Environmental Contaminants in Wildlife: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations, W. N. Beyer, G. H. Heinz, A. W. Redmon-Norwood. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL 1996; 297–339
   Google Scholar
• Wobeser G. Acute toxicity of methylmercury chloride and mercuric chloride for rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fry and fingerlings. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 1975; 32: 2005–2013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar