Investigation of genotoxic effects of paraben in cultured human lymphocytes

References

• Albertini, R.J., et al., 2000. IPCS guidelines for the monitoring of genotoxic effects of carcinogens in humans. Mutation Research/Reviewers, 463, 111–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barr, L., et al., 2012. Measurement of paraben concentrations in human breast tissue at serial locations across the breast from axilla to sternum. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 32, 219–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bazin, I., et al., 2010. Hydroxy benzoate preservatives (parabens) in the environment: data for environmental toxicity assessment. In: D. Fatta-Kassinos, K. Bester, K. Kummerer, eds. Xenobiotics in the urbanwater cycle: mass flows, environmental processes, mitigation and treatment strategies. Environmental Pollution. New York: Springer, 245–257.
   Google Scholar
• Blair, R.M., et al., 2000. The estrogen receptor relative binding affinities of 188 natural and xenochemicals: structural diversity of ligands. Toxicological Sciences, 54, 138–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Błędzka, D., Gromadzińska, J., and Wąsowicz, W., 2014. Review Parabens. From environmental studies to human health. Environment International, 67, 27–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boberg, J., et al., 2010. Review possible endocrine disrupting effects of parabens and their metabolites. Reproductive Toxicology, 30, 301–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonassi, S., et al., 2000. Chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes predict human cancer independently of exposure to carcinogens. European Study Group on Cytogenetic Biomarkers and Health Cancer Research, 60 (6), 1619–1625.
   Google Scholar
• Bonassi, S., et al., 2010. Micronuclei frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes and cancer risk: evidence from human studies. Mutagenesis, 26, 93–100.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buzek, J. and Ask, B., 2009. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products, OJ L 342. Brussels: The European Commission.
   Google Scholar
• Byford, J.R., et al., 2002. Oestrogenic activity of parabens in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 80 (1), 49–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charles, A.K. and Darbre, P.D., 2013. Combinations of parabens at concentrations measured in human breast tissue can increase proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 33, 390–398.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, A.R., 2014. Measuring oxidative damage to DNA and its repair with the comet assay. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta, 1840, 794–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darbre, P.D., et al., 2004. Concentrations of parabens in human breast tumours. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 24, 5–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darbre, P.D. and Harvey, P.W., 2008. Review Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure and discussion of potential human health risks. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 28, 561–578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doak, H.S., Liu, Y., and Chen, C., 2012. Genotoxicity and cancer. Adverse Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials, 14, 243–261.
   Google Scholar
• Dobbins, L.L., et al., 2009. Probabilistic ecotoxicological hazard assessment of parabens using Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 28, 2744–2753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubey, D., et al., 2017. Photosensitized methyl paraben induces apoptosis via caspase dependent pathway under ambient UVB exposure in human skin cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 108, 171–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans, H.J., 1984. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes for the analysis of chromosome aberrations in mutagen tests. In: B.J. Kilbey, M. Legator, W. Nichols and C. Ramel, eds. Handbook of mutagenicity test procedures, 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Sciences, 405–427.
   Google Scholar
• FAO/WHO. 2006. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. 67th meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). 20–29 June 2006, Rome, Italy. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp. 1–49.
   Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., 1993. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus technique and its application to genotoxicity studies in human populations. Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements, 3, 101–107.
   Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., et al., 1999. The human micronucleus project-an international collaborative study on the use of the micronucleus technique for measuring DNA damage in humans. Mutation Research, 428, 271–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., 2000. The in vitro micronucleus technique. Mutation Research, 455 (1–2), 81–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., 2006. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay evolves into a “cytome” assay of chromosomal instability, mitotic dysfunction and cell death. Mutation Research, 600, 58–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., et al., 2011. The HUMN and HUMNxL international collaboration projects on human micronucleus assays in lymphocytes and buccal cells–past, present and future. Mutagenesis, 26 (1), 239–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galloway, S.M., 2000. Cytotoxicity and chromosome aberrations in vitro: experience in industry and the case for an upper limit on toxicity in the aberration assay. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 35 (3), 191–201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, Y. and Kannan, K., 2013. A survey of phthalates and parabens in personal care products from the United States and its implications for human exposure. Environmental Science & Technology, 47, 14442–14449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, P.W. and Everett, D.J., 2006. Regulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals: critical overview and deficiencies in toxicology and risk assessment for human health. Best Practise & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 20, 145–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrero, O., et al., 2012. Toxicological evaluation of three contaminants of emerging concern by use of the Allium cepa test. Mutation Research, 743, 20–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanna, S., Dash, P.R., and Darbre, P.D., 2014. Exposure to parabens at the concentration of maximal proliferative response increases migratory and invasive activity of human breast cancer cells in vitro. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 34, 1051–1059.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, M.J., et al., 2015. Toxicological evaluation of isopropylparaben and isobutylparaben mixture in Sprague-Dawley rats following 28 days of dermal exposure. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 73, 544–551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirchhof, M.G. and de Gannes, G.C., 2013. The health controversies of parabens. Skin Therapy Letters, 8, 5–7.
   Google Scholar
• Klopčič, I., Kolšek, K., and Dolenc, M.S., 2015. Glucocorticoid-like activity of propylparaben, butylparaben, diethylhexyl phthalate and tetramethrin mixtures studied in the MDA-kb2 cell line. Toxicology Letters, 232, 376–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mamur, S., et al., 2010. Does potassium sorbate induce genotoxic or mutagenic effects in lymphocytes? Toxicology In Vitro, 24, 790–794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, J.M.P., et al., 2010. Oxidative DNA damage contributes to the toxic activity of propylparaben in mammalian cells Mutation Research, 702, 86–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, J.M.P., et al., 2014. The antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole potentiates the toxic effects of propylparaben in cultured mammalian cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 72, 195–203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meeker, J.D., et al., 2011. Urinary concentrations of parabens and serum hormone levels, semen quality parameters, and sperm DNA damage. Environmental Health Perspect, 119 (2), 252–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mpountoukas, P., et al., 2010. Cytogenetic evaluation and DNA interaction studies of the food colorants amaranth, erythrosine and tartrazine. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48, 2934–2944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, Y. and Moldeus, P., 1998. Mechanism of p-hydroxybenzoate ester-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochemical Pharmacology, 55, 1907–1914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa, Y., et al., 1999. P-Hydroxybenzoate alkyl esters cause cytotoxicity via mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated rat hepatocytes. Tokyo Toritsu Eisei Kenkyusho Kenkyu Nenpo, 49, 297–301. Abstract from TOXCENTER 1999:141047.
   Google Scholar
• Norppa, H. and Falck, G.C.M., 2003. What do human micronuclei contain? Mutagenesis, 18 (3), 221–233.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norppa, H., et al., 2006. Chromosomal aberrations and SCEs as biomarkers of cancer risk. Mutation Research, 600, 37–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamoto, Y., et al., 2008. Combined activation of methyl paraben by light irradiation and esterase metabolism toward oxidative DNA damage. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 21 (8), 1594–1599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okubo, T., et al., 2001. ER-dependent estrogenic activity of parabens assessed by proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and expression of ERa and PR. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 39, 1225–1232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry, P.E. and Thompson, E.J., 1984. The methodology of sister chromatid exchanges. In: B.J. Kilbey, M. Legator, W. Nichols and C. Ramel, eds. Handbook of mutagenicity test procedures. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Sciences, 495–529.
   Google Scholar
• Polati, S., Gosetti, F., and Gennaro, M.C., 2007. Chapter 5: Preservatives in cosmetics. Analytical Methods. In: A. Salvador and A. Chisvert, eds. Analysis of cosmetic products. New York: Elsevier, 215–245.
   Google Scholar
• Pollock, T., et al., 2017. Butyl paraben and propyl paraben modulate bisphenol A and estradiol concentrations in female and male mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 325, 18–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rencuzogulları, E., et al., 2004. Genotoxicity of aspartame. Drug Chemical Toxicology, 27, 257–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandanger, T.M., et al., 2011. Plasma concentrations of parabens in postmenopausal women and self-reported use of personal care products: the NOWAC postgenome study. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 21, 595–600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santovito, A., Cervella, P., and Delpero, M., 2014. Increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of radiology technicians chronically exposed to low levels of ionizing radiations. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 37, 396–403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki, Y.F., et al., 2002. The comet assay with 8 mouse organs: results with 39 currently used food additives. Mutation Research, 519, 1–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS). 2010. Opinion on Parabens – COLIPA n° P82, SCCS/1348/10.
   Google Scholar
• Shekhar, S., et al., 2017. Detection of phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from maternal blood plasma and amniotic fluid in Indian population. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 241, 100–107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, S., Kubwabo, C., and Harris, S.A., 2016. A review of the role of emerging environmental contaminants in the development of breast cancer in women. Emerging Contaminants, 2, 204–219.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, N.P., et al., 1988. A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Experimental Cell Research, 175, 184–191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soni, M.G., Carabin, I.G., and Burdock, G.A., 2005. Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens)). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 43, 985–1015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speit, G. and Haupter, S., 1985. On the mechanisms of differential giemsa staining of bromodeoxyuridine-substituted chromosomes. II Differences between the demonstration of sister chromatid differentiation and replication patterns. Human Genetics, 70, 126–129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Surralles, J., et al., 1995. The suitability of the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes as a new biomarker of excision repair. Mutation Research, 342, 43–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szeląg, S., et al., 2016. Propylparaben-induced disruption of energy metabolism in human HepG2 cell line leads to increased synthesis of superoxide anions and apoptosis. Toxicology In Vitro, 31, 30–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tayama, S., Nakagawa, Y., and Tayama, K., 2008. Genotoxic effects of environmental estrogen-like compounds in CHO-K1 cells. Mutation Research, 649, 114–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tice, R.R., et al., 2000. Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 35, 206–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, J., et al., 2015. Elevated accumulation of parabens and their metabolites in marine mammals from the United States coastal waters. Environmental Science & Technology, 49 (20), 12071–12079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, J. and Kannan, K., 2016. Accumulation profiles of parabens and their metabolites in fish, black bear, and birds, including bald eagles and albatrosses. Environment International, 94, 546–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto, H., et al., 2011. Aquatic toxicity and ecological risk assessment of seven parabens: individual and additive approach. Science of the Total Environment, 102 (11), 410–411.
   Google Scholar
• Ye, X., et al., 2006. Parabens as urinary biomarkers of exposure in humans. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 1843–1846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, A., Ryoo, K.K., and Lee, M.Y., 2010. Suppressive effect of electrolyzed reduced water on the paraben-induced DNA damage in human dermal fibroblast cells. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 11, 4427–4443.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, S., 2008. The Genotoxic Effect Of Some Food Additives, Ph.D. Thesis, Gazi Unıversıty, Institute Of Science and Technology, Ankara.
   Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, S., Unal, F., and Yuzbasioglu, D., 2009. The in vitro genotoxicity of benzoic acid in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Cytotechnology, 60, 55–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuzbasıoglu, D., et al., 2006. Clastogenicity of the fungicide afugan in cultured human lymphocytes. Mutation Research, 604 (1–2), 53–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuzbasioglu, D., et al., 2013. Genotoxicity assessment of vaccine adjuvant squalene. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 56, 240–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, Y., et al., 2013. Comparative study on transcriptional activity of 17 parabens mediated by estrogen receptor and band androgen receptor. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 57, 227–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong, V.W.C., et al., 2005. The Comet assay: a biomonitoring tool for neutraceutical research. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 3 (1), 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Zengin, N., et al., 2011. The evaluation of the genotoxicity of two food preservatives: sodium benzoate and potassium benzoate. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 763–769.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar