31
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Forensic Determination of Drugs of Abuse Using Liquid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection: A Review

&
Pages 345-375 | Published online: 05 Dec 2006

References

  • Baker , P. B. and Phillips , G. F. 1983 . The forensic analysis of drugs of abuse . Analyst , 108 : 777
  • Doms , D. J. and Lott , P. F. 1982 . Forensic chromatography . TrAC , 1 : 105
  • Gough , T. A. and Baker , P. B. 1982 . Identification of major drugs of abuse using chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 20 : 289
  • Gough , T. A. and Baker , P. B. 1983 . Identification of major drugs of abuse using chromatography: an update . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 21 : 145
  • Lurie , I. S. 1984 . Problems in using high performance liquid chromatography for drug analysis . J. Forensic Sci. , 29 : 607
  • Krull , I. S. and Lurie , I. S. 1986 . Recent advances in forensic drug analysis by HPLC, , Second Ed. Edited by: Davies , G. Washington, D. C. : American Chemical Society . inForensic Science(, Ed.), in press(.
  • Johnson , D. C. , Weber , S. G. , Bond , A. M. , Wightman , R. M. , Shoup , R. E. and Krull , I. S. 1986 . Electroanalytical voltammetry in flowing solutions, special issue of Anal. . Chim. Acta , in press(.
  • Wilson , T. D. 1984 . Structural influences on the amperometric detection of opiates in high performance liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. , 301 : 39
  • Peterson , R. G. , Rumack , B. H. , Sullivan , J. B. and Makowski , A. 1980 . Amperometric high performance liquid chromatographic method for narcotic alkaloids . J. Chromatogr. , 188 : 420
  • Raffa , R. B. , O'Neill , J. J. and Tallarida , R. J. 1982 . Rapid extraction and measurement of morphine and opiate antagonists from rat brain using high performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection . J. Chromatogr. , 238 : 515
  • White , M. W. 1979 . Determination of morphine and its major metabolite, morphine-3-glucuronide, in blood by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . J. Chromatogr. , 178 : 229
  • Todd , R. D. , Muldoon , S. M. and Watson , R. L. 1982 . Determination of morphine in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . J. Chromatogr. , 232 : 101
  • Vandenberghe , H , MacLeod , S. M. , Chinyanga , H. and Soldin , S. J. 1982 . Analysis of morphine in serum by high performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection . Ther. Drug Monit. , 4 : 307
  • Owen , J. A. and Sitar , D. S. 1983 . Morphine analysis by high performance liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. , 276 : 202
  • Ishikawa , K. , McGaugh , J. L. , Shibanoki , S. and Kubo , T. 1982 . A sensitive procedure for determination of morphine in mouse whole blood by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . Japan. J. Pharmacol. , 32 : 969
  • Ishikawa , K. , Martinez , J. L. and McCaugh , J. L. 1982 . Simultaneous determination of morphine and monoamine transmitters in a single mouse brain . J. Chromatogr. , 231 : 255
  • Wallace , J. E. , Harris , S. C. and Peek , M. W. 1980 . Determination of morphine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . Anal. Chem. , 52 : 1328
  • Smith , R. V. and Humphrey , D. W. 1981 . Determination of apomorphine in tablets using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . Anal. Letters , 14 : 601
  • Yang , R.-K. , Hsieh , J. Y-K , Kendler , K. S. and Davis , K. L. 1984 . Rapid determination of apomorphine in brain and plasma using high performance liquid chromatography . J. Liquid Chromatogr. , 7 : 191
  • Westerink , B. H. C. and Horn , A. S. 1979 . Do neuroleptics prevent the penetration of dopamine agonists into the brain? . Eur. J. Pharmacol. , 58 : 39
  • Schwartz , R. S. and Benjamin , C. R. 1982 . Voltammetric determination of morphine in poppy straw concentrate at a glassy carbon electrode . Anal. Chim. Acta , 141 : 365
  • Russell , C. D. 1963 . Reaction of triethylamine at platinum anodes in acetonitrile solution; solvent background with perchlorate supporting electrolyte . Anal. Chem. , 35 : 1291
  • Mann , C. K. 1964 . Cyclic stationary electrode voltammetry of some aliphatic amines . Anal. Chem. , 36 : 2424
  • Sayo , H. and Masui , M. 1973 . Anodic oxidation of amines. Part III., . J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. II , : 1640
  • Schwartz , R. S. and David , K. O. 1985 . Liquid chromatography of opium alkaloids, heroin, cocaine, and related compounds using electrochemical detection . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 1362
  • Schwartz , R. S. 1985 . personal communication (May.
  • Bratin , K. , Blank , C. L. , Krull , I. S. , Lunte , C. E. and Shoup , R. E. 1984 . Recent advances in LCEC and voltammetry . Amer. Lab. , 16 : 33 (May.
  • Krull , I. S. , Selavka , C. M. , Duda , C. and Jacobs , W. 1985 . Derivatization and post-column reactions for improved detection in liquid chromatography-electrochemistry . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 8 : 2845
  • Selavka , C. M. , Krull , I. S. and Lurie , I. S. 1985 . Photolytic derivatization for improved LCEC determinations of pharmaceuticals in biological fluids . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 23 : 499
  • Masoud , A. N. and Wingard , D. W. 1979 . High performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. I: Separation of cannabis constituents and quantitation of δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol, . J. High Res. Chrom. and Chrom. Comm. , 2 : 118
  • Selavka , C. M. , Krull , I. S. and Lurie , I. S. 1986 . An improved method for the rapid screening of illicit cocaine preparations using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, . Forens. Sci. Int. , in press(.
  • Krull , I. S. , Ding , X.-D. , Selavka , C. M. and Nelson , R. J. 1984 . Electrochemical detection in HPLC . LC Magazine , 2 : 214
  • Stead , A. H. , Allan , A. R. , Ardrey , R. E. , Val , T. S. , Callaghan , F. M. , Gill , R. , Moffat , A. C. and Oon , M. C. H. 1981 . Drug misuse-the barbiturate problem . J. Forensic Sci. Soc. , 21 : 41
  • Selavka , C. M. and Krull , I. S. 1986 . “ The trace determination of barbiturates using HPLC-photolysis-electrochemical detection (HPLC-hv-EC) ” . In Proceedings from the Symposium on Analytical Methods in Forensic Chemistry , ACS Symposium Series Edited by: Ho , M. H. Washington, D. C. : American Chemical Society . in,(, Ed.), in press(.
  • Ishikawa , K , Martinez , J. L. and McGaugh , J. L. 1984 . Simple determination of p-hydroxyamphetamine by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . J. Chromatogr. , 306 : 394
  • Christiansen , A. L. and Rasmussen , K. E. 1983 . Screening of hallucinogenic mushrooms with high performance liquid chromatography and multiple detection . J. Chromatogr. , 270 : 293
  • Locniskar , A. , Greenblatt , D. J. and Ochs , H. R. 1985 . Simplified gas chromatographic assay of underivatized nitrazepam in plasma . J. Chromatogr. , 337 : 131
  • Brodie , R. R. , Chasseaud , L. F. and Taylor , T. 1978 . High performance liquid chromatographic determination of benzodiazepines in human plasma . J. Chromatogr. , 150 : 361
  • Brooks , M. A. 1983 . The electrochemical determination of 1,4-benzodiazepines in biological fluids . Bioelectrochem, and Bioenerg. , 10 : 37
  • Hackman , M. R. and Brooks , M. A. 1981 . Differential pulse amperometric detection of drugs in plasma using a dropping mercury electrode as a high performance liquid chromatographic detector . J. Chromatogr. , 222 : 179
  • Kral , K. and Kainz , G. 1983 . Simultaneous determination of isosorbide dinitrate and diazepam in pharmaceutical preparations by HPLC with electrochemical detection . Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. , 316 : 497
  • Lund , W. , Hannisdal , M. and Greibrokk , T. 1979 . Evaluation of amperometric detectors for high performance liquid chromatography: analysis of benzodiazepines . J. Chromatogr. , 173 : 249
  • Hanekamp , H. B. , Voogt , W. H. , Bos , R. and Frei , R. W. 1980 . A pulse polarographic detector for HPLC; determination of nitrazepam . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 3 : 1205
  • Hanekamp , H. B. , Voogt , W. H. , Frei , R. W. and Bos , P. 1981 . Continuous flow alternating current polarographic detection of nitrazepam in liquid chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 53 : 1362
  • Suckow , R. F. and Cooper , T. B. 1981 . Simultaneous determination of imipramine, desipramine, and their 2-hydroxy metabolites in plasma by ion-pair reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection . J. Pharm. Sci. , 70 : 257
  • Suckow , R. F. , Cooper , T. B. , Quitkin , F. M. and Steward , J. W. 1982 . Determination of mianserin and metabolites in plasma by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection . J. Pharm. Sci. , 71 : 889
  • Pacakova , V. , Stulik , K. and Tomkova , H. 1984 . Determination of some tricyclic neuroleptics by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and polarographic detection . J. Chromatogr. , 298 : 309
  • Baum , R. M. 1985 . New variety of street drugs poses growing problem, Chem. Eng. News , 63 ( 36 ) : 7
  • Lurie , I. S. and Allen , A. C. 1984 . Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic separation of fentanyl homologues and analogues . I. An optimized isocratic chromatographic system utilizing absorbance ratioing, J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 7 : 463

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.