References
- Adams ML, Sewing B, Forman .1B, Meyer ER, Cicero TJ (1993): Opioid-induced suppression of rat testicular function. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 266:323–328.
- Baile CA, McLaughlin CL, Della-Fera MA (1986): Role of cholecystokinin and opioid peptides in control of food intake. Physiol Rev 66:172–234.
- Cicero TJ, Adams ML, Giordano A, Miller BT, O'Connor L, Nock B (1991): Influence of morphine exposure during adolescence on the sexual maturation of male rats and the development of their offspring. J Pharm Exp Ther 256:1086–1093.
- Cicero TJ, O'Connor L, Nock B, Adams ML, Miller BT, Bell RD, Meyer ER (1989): Age-related differences in the sensitivity to opiate-induced perturbations in reproductive endocrinology in the developing and adult male rat. J Pharm Exp Ther 248:256–261.
- Culler MD, Negro-Vilar A (1987): Pulsatile follicle-stimulating hormone secretion is independent of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH): pulsatile replacement of LHRH bioactivity in LHRH-immunoneutralized rats. Endocrinology 20:2011–2021.
- Fabbri A, Dufau ML (1988): Hormonal regulation of beta-endorphin in the testis. J Steroid Biochem 30:347–352.
- Fabbri A, Jannini EA, Gnessi L, Ulisse S, Moretti C, Isidori A (1989): Neuroendocrine control of male reproductive function. The opioid system as a model of control at multiple sites. J Steroid Biochem 32:145–150.
- Fayez M, Ahmed HH, El-Nabarawy F, Shokery IM, El-Bauomy AM (1991): Effects of butarphanol on luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels in ovariectomised rats-comparative study with morphine sulphate. Arch Exp Vet Med 45:101–103.
- Friedrich G, Nepita W, Andre T (1990): Serum testosterone concentrations in cannabis and opiate users Beitr Gerichtl Med 48:57–66.
- Gerendai I (1991): Modulation of testicular functions by testicular opioid peptides. J Physiol Pharmacol 42:427–437.
- Gilmore DP (1998): The involvement of the endogenous opioids in the regulation of reproduction. Biogenic Amines 14:331–354.
- Greenwood FC, Hunter WM, Glover JS (1963) The preparation of 131I-labeled human growth hor-mone of high specific activity. Biochem J 89:114–123.
- Ismail AA, Astley P, Cawood M, Short F, Wakelin K, Wheeler M (1986): Testosterone assays: guide-lines for the provision of a clinical biochemistry service. Ann Clin Biochem 23:135–145.
- KaIra SP (1993): Mandatory neuropeptide-steroid signaling for the preovulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone discharge. Endocr Rev 14:507–538.
- Kovacs M, Koppan M, Mezo I, Teplan I, Flerko B (1993): Antiovulatory doses of antagonists of LH-RH inhibit LH and progesterone but not FSH and estradiol release. J Neuroendocrinol 5:603–608.
- Laycock J, Wise P (1996): Essential Endocrinology. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, pp 145–162.
- Li H, Risbridger GP, Funder JW, Clements JA (1989): Effect of ethane dimethane sulphonate on proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA and POMC-derived peptides in the rat testis. Mol Cell Endo-crinol 65:203–207.
- Lumpkin MD, DePaolo LV, Negro-Vilar A (1986): Pulsatile release of follicle-stimulating hormone in ovariectomized rats is inhibited by porcine follicular fluid (Inhibin) Endocrinology 114:201–206.
- Margioris AN, Koukoulis G, Grino M, Chrousos GP (1989): In vitro-perfused rat testes secrete beta-endorphin and dynorphin: their effect on testosterone secretion. Biol Reprod 40:776–784.
- Masubuchi Y, Akaike M, Kumai T, Tanaka M, Watanabe M, Hirai M (1992): Disturbance or relatively important actions of antihypertensives, antifungal agent and opiate antagonist to the testicular ste-roidogenesis in rat. J Toxicol Sci 17:41–50.
- Mikuma N, Kumamoto Y, Maruta H, Nitta T (1994): Role of the hypothalamic opioidergic system in the control of gonadotropin secretion in elderly men. Andrologia 26:39–45.
- Mizunuma H, Samson WK, Lumpkin MD, Moltz JH, Fawcett CP, McCann SM (1983): Purification of a bioactive FSH-releasing factor (FSHRF). Brain Res Bull 10:623–629.
- Ojeda SR, Andrews WW, Advis JP, White SS (1980): Recent advances in the endocrinology of puberty. Endocr Rev 1:228–257.
- Paice JA, Penn RD, Ryan WG (1994): Altered sexual function and decreased testosterone in patients receiving intraspinal opioids. J Pain Symptom Manage 9:126–131.
- Pedron N, Pedroza D, Calzada L, Salazar L, Fuentes V (1996). Effect of naloxone on serum testoster-one in adult male rabbits. Arch Androl 37:15–18.
- Wise PM, Rance N, Barr GD, Barraclough CA (1979): Further evidence that luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone also is follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 104:940–947.
- Wittert G, Hope P, Pyle D (1996): Tissue distribution of opioid receptor gene expression in the rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 218:877–881.
- Yilmaz B, Gilmore DP, Wilson CA (1996): Inhibition of the pre-ovulatory LH surge in the rat by central noradrenergic mediation: involvement of an anaesthetic (urethane) and opioid receptor ago-nists. Biogenic Amines 12:423–435.