Noncompletion of Evidence-Based Parent Training: An Empirical Examination Among Families of Children in Foster Care

References

• Akin, B. A. (2011). Predictors of foster care exits to permanency: A competing risks analysis of reunification, guardianship, and adoption. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(6), 999–1011. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.01.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akin, B. A., Bryson, S. A., McDonald, T. P., & Walker, S. (2012). Defining a target population at high risk of long-term foster care: Barriers to permanency for families of children with serious emotional disturbances. Child Welfare, 91(6), 79–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akin, B. A., Bryson, S. A., Testa, M. F., Blase, K. A., McDonald, T. P., & Melz, H. (2013). Usability testing, initial implementation, and formative evaluation of an evidence-based intervention: Lessons from a demonstration project to reduce long-term foster care. Evaluation and Program Planning, 41(0), 19–30. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.06.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akin, B. A., Testa, M. F., McDonald, T. P., Melz, H., Blase, K. A., & Barclay, A. (2014). Formative evaluation of an evidence-based intervention to reduce long-term foster care: Assessing readiness for summative evaluation. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 8(4), 1–29. doi:10.1080/15548732.2014.939250
   Google Scholar
• Bagner, D. M., & Eyberg, S. M. (2003). Father involvement in parent training: When does it matter? Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 32(4), 599–605. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3204_13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barth, R. P. (2009). Preventing child abuse and neglect with parent training: Evidence and opportunities. Future of Children, 19(2), 95–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boggs, S. R., Eyberg, S. M., Edwards, D. L., Rayfield, A., Jacobs, J., Bagner, D., & Hood, K. K. (2005). Outcomes of parent-child interaction therapy: A comparison of treatment completers and study dropouts one to three years later. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 26(4), 1–22. doi:10.1300/J019v26n04_01
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brook, J., McDonald, T. P., & Yan, Y. (2012). An analysis of the impact of the Strengthening Families Program on family reunification in child welfare. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(4), 691–695. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.12.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryson, S. A., Akin, B. A., Blase, K. A., McDonald, T. P., & Walker, S. (2014). Selecting an EBP to reduce long-term foster care: Lessons from a university–child welfare agency partnership. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 11(1–2), 208–221. doi:10.1080/15433714.2013.850325
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chaffin, M., & Friedrich, B. (2004). Evidence-based treatments in child abuse and neglect. Children & Youth Services Review, 26, 1097–1113. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2004.08.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain, P., Price, J. M., Reid, J. B., Landsverk, J., Fisher, P. A., & Stoolmiller, M. (2006). Who disrupts from placement in foster and kinship care? Child Abuse & Neglect, 30(4), 409–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper Altman, J. (2008). A study of engagement in neighborhood-based child welfare services. Research on Social Work Practice, 18(6), 555–564. doi:10.1177/1049731507309825
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damashek, A., Doughty, D., Ware, L., & Silovsky, J. (2011). Predictors of client engagement and attrition in home-based child maltreatment prevention services. Child Maltreatment, 16(1), 9–20. doi:10.1177/1077559510388507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daro, D., & Donnelly, A. C. (2002). Charting the waves of prevention: Two steps forward, one step back. Child Abuse & Neglect, 26(6), 731–742. doi:10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00344-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeGarmo, D. S., & Forgatch, M. S. (2005). Early development of delinquency within divorced families: Evaluating a randomized preventive intervention trial. Developmental Science, 8(3), 229–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeGarmo, D. S., & Forgatch, M. S. (2007). Efficacy of parent training for stepfathers: From playful spectator and polite stranger to effective stepfathering. Parenting: Science and Practice, 7(4), 331–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dishion, T. J., & Patterson, G. R. (1992). Age effects in parent training outcome. Behavior Therapy, 23(4), 719–729. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80231-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ezpeleta, L., Granero, R., Osa, N. d. l., Doménech, J. M., & Bonillo, A. (2006). Assessment of functional impairment in Spanish children. Applied Psychology, 55(1), 130–143.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forgatch, M. S., & DeGarmo, D. S. (1999). Parenting through change: An effective prevention program for single mothers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 711–724.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forgatch, M. S., & Patterson, G. R. (2010). Parent Management Training—Oregon Model: An intervention for antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. In J. R. Weisz & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (Vol. 2, pp. 159–178). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Frankel, F., & Simmons, J. Q. (1992). Parent behavioral training: Why and when some parents drop out. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 21(4), 322–330. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2104_1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert, N. (2012). A comparative study of child welfare systems: Abstract orientations and concrete results. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(3), 532–536. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.10.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girvin, H., DePanfilis, D., & Daining, C. (2007). Predicting program completion among families enrolled in a child neglect preventive intervention. Research on Social Work Practice, 17(6), 674–685. doi:10.1177/1049731507300285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladstone, J., Dumbrill, G., Leslie, B., Koster, A., Young, M., & Ismaila, A. (2012). Looking at engagement and outcome from the perspectives of child protection workers and parents. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(1), 112–118. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gresham, F. M., & Elliot, S. (1990). Social skills rating scale. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service.
   Google Scholar
• Gresham, F. M., Elliott, S. N., Vance, M. J., & Cook, C. R. (2011). Comparability of the Social Skills Rating System to the Social Skills Improvement System: Content and psychometric comparisons across elementary and secondary age levels. School Psychology Quarterly, 26(1), 27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Thielke, R., Payne, J., Gonzalez, N., & Conde, J. G. (2009). Research electronic data capture (REDCap)—A meta data–driven methodology and workflow process for providing translated research informatics support. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 42(2), 377–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinrichs, N., Bertram, H., Kuschel, A., & Hahlweg, K. (2005). Parent recruitment and retention in a universal prevention program for child behavior and emotional problems: Barriers to research and program participation. Prevention Science, 6(4), 275–286. doi:10.1007/s11121-005-0006-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges, K. (2002). Caregiver Wish List. Ysplanti, MI: Eastern Michigan University.
   Google Scholar
• Hodges, K. (2004). The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS). In M. E. Maruish (Ed.), The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment (Vol. 2, pp. 405–441). Mahwah, NJ: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Hodges, K., Doucette-Gates, A., & Kim, C.-S. (2000). Predicting service utilization with the Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale in a sample of youths with serious emotional disturbance served by center for mental health services–funded demonstrations. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 27(1), 47–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges, K., Doucette-Gates, A., & Liao, Q. (1999). The relationship between the Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS) and indicators of functioning. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 8(1), 109–122.
   Google Scholar
• Hodges, K., Wotring, J., Xue, Y., Forgatch, M. S., Hassel, M., & Hadley, S. (2007). Outcome indicators for youth's functioning and parent's child management skills: Evaluating PMTO trainees. In C. C. Newman, C. J. Liberton, K. Kutash, & R. M. Friedman (Eds.), The 20th annual research conference proceedings, A system of care for children's mental health: Expanding the research base (pp. 49–56). Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, Louis d la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, Research and Training Center for Children's Mental Health.
   Google Scholar
• Horwitz, S. M., Chamberlain, P., Landsverk, J., & Mullican, C. (2010). Improving the mental health of children in child welfare through the implementation of evidence-based parenting interventions. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 37, 27–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan, C., & Merkel-Holguin, L. (2008). Another look at the national study on differential response in child welfare. Protecting Children, 23(1/2), 5–21.
   Google Scholar
• Karver, M. S., Handelsman, J. B., Fields, S., & Bickman, L. (2006). Meta-analysis of therapeutic relationship variables in youth and family therapy: The evidence for different relationship variables in the child and adolescent treatment outcome literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(1), 50–65. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2005.09.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E. (1990). Premature termination from treatment among children referred for antisocial behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31(3), 415–425. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb01578.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E. (2000). Perceived barriers to treatment participation and treatment acceptability among antisocial children and their families. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 9(2), 157–174. doi:10.1023/A:1009414904228
   Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E., Holland, L., & Crowley, M. (1997). Family experience of barriers to treatment and premature termination from child therapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(3), 453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E., Holland, L., Crowley, M., & Breton, S. (1997). Barriers to Treatment Participation Scale: Evaluation and validation in the context of child outpatient treatment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(8), 1051–1062. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01621.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E., & Mazurick, J. L. (1994). Dropping out of child psychotherapy: Distinguishing early and late dropouts over the course of treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(5), 1069–1074.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin, A. E., Mazurick, J. L., & Bass, D. (1993). Risk for attrition in treatment of antisocial children and families. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22(1), 2–16. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2201_1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirk, R. S., & Martens, P. (2014). Family assessment, family functioning, and caregiver engagement in family preservation and reunification programs, and the relation of these and other factors to reunification service outcomes. Buhl, ID: National Family Preservation Network. Retrieved from http://www.nfpn.org/Portals/0/Documents/2014-reunification-report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Knox, M., & Burkhart, K. (2014). A multi-site study of the ACT Raising Safe Kids program: Predictors of outcomes and attrition. Children and Youth Services Review, 39, 20–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leathers, S. J. (2006). Placement disruption and negative placement outcomes among adolescents in long-term foster care: The role of behavior problems. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30(3), 307–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littell, J. H., & Tajima, E. A. (2000). A multilevel model of client participation in intensive family preservation services. Social Service Review, 74(3), 405–435. doi:10.1086/516411
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundahl, B. W., Tollefson, D., Risser, H., & Lovejoy, M. C. (2008). A meta-analysis of father involvement in parent training. Research on Social Work Practice, 18(2), 97–106. doi:10.1177/1049731507309828
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maher, J. M., Markey, J. C., & Ebert-May, D. (2013). The other half of the story: Effect size analysis in quantitative research. CBE-Life Sciences Education, 12(3), 345–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manteuffel, B., Stephens, R. L., & Santiago, R. (2002). Overview of the national evaluation of the comprehensive community mental health services for children and their families program and summary of current findings. Children's Services: Social Policy, Research, and Practice, 5(1), 3–20.
   Google Scholar
• McKay, M. M., & Bannon, W. M., Jr. (2004). Engaging families in child mental health services. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 13(4), 905–921. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2004.04.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay, M. M., Stoewe, J., McCadam, K., & Gonzales, J. (1998). Increasing access to child mental health services for urban children and their caregivers. Health & Social Work, 23(1), 9–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, L., Southam-Gerow, M., & Allin, R., Jr. (2008). Who stays in treatment? Child and family predictors of youth client retention in a public mental health agency. Child & Youth Care Forum, 37(4), 153–170. doi:10.1007/s10566-008-9058-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morawska, A., & Sanders, M. (2006). A review of parental engagement in parenting interventions and strategies to promote it. Journal of Children's Services, 1(1), 29–40. doi:doi:10.1108/17466660200600004
   Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., & Ferriter, C. (2005). Parent management of attendance and adherence in child and adolescent therapy: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 8(2), 149–166. doi:10.1007/s10567-005-4753-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., & Kazdin, A. E. (2001). Parent expectancies for child therapy: Assessment and relation to participation in treatment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 10(2), 155–180. doi:10.1023/A:1016699424731
   Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., & Photos, V. (2006). Parent motivation to participate in treatment: Assessment and prediction of subsequent participation. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15(3), 333–346. doi:10.1007/s10826-006-9022-4
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, G. R. (1982). A social learning approach: Coercive family process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
   Google Scholar
• Peters, S., Calam, R., & Harrington, R. (2005). Maternal attributions and expressed emotion as predictors of attendance at parent management training. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46(4), 436–448. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00365.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed-Ashcraft, K., Kirk, R. S., & Fraser, M. W. (2001). The reliability and validity of the North Carolina family assessment scale. Research on Social Work Practice, 11(4), 503–520.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, J. A. (1996). Qualitative descriptors of strength of association and effect size. Journal of Social Service Research, 21(4), 37–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, D. M., Alessandrini, E. A., Feudtner, C., Mandell, D. S., Localio, A. R., & Hadley, T. (2004). Placement stability and mental health costs for children in foster care. Pediatrics, 113(5), 1336–1341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirk, S. R., & Karver, M. (2003). Prediction of treatment outcome from relationship variables in child and adolescent therapy: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(3), 452–464. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.71.3.452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staudt, M. (2007). Treatment engagement with caregivers of at-risk children: Gaps in research and conceptualization. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 16(2), 183–196.
   Google Scholar
• Sullivan, G. M., & Feinn, R. (2012). Using effect size—Or why the P value is not enough. Journal of graduate medical education, 4(3), 279–282.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Testa, M. F., & White, K. R. (2014). Insuring the integrity and validity of social work interventions: The case of the subsidized guardianship waiver experiments. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 11(1–2), 157–172.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Theriot, M. T., O'Day, K. R., & Hatfield, K. (2009). Client and service use predictors of successfully completing a child maltreatment prevention program. Protecting Children, 24(3), 39–50.
   Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J., Gliner, J. A., & Morgan, G. A. (2002). Communicating judgments about practical significance: Effect size, confidence intervals, and odds ratios. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 7, 287–300.
   Google Scholar
• Walrath, C. M., Mandell, D. S., Liao, Q., Holden, E. W., De Carolis, G., Santiago, R. L., & Leaf, P. J. (2001). Suicide attempts in the “comprehensive community mental health services for children and their families” program. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(10), 1197–1205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warnick, E., Bearss, K., Weersing, V. R., Scahill, L., & Woolston, J. (2014). Shifting the treatment model: Impact on engagement in outpatient therapy. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 41(1), 93–103. doi:10.1007/s10488-012-0439-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster‐Stratton, C., & Reid, M. (2010). Adapting The Incredible Years, an evidence‐based parenting programme, for families involved in the child welfare system. Journal of Children's Services, 5(1), 25–42. doi:doi:10.5042/jcs.2010.0115
   Google Scholar
• Werba, B. E., Eyberg, S. M., Boggs, S. R., & Algina, J. (2006). Predicting outcome in parent-child interaction therapy: Success and attrition. Behavior Modification, 30(5), 618–646. doi:10.1177/0145445504272977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierzbicki, M., & Pekarik, G. (1993). A meta-analysis of psychotherapy dropout. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24(2), 190–195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, C. A., & Walsh, C. R. (2012). Guide for child welfare administrators on evidence based practice. Washington, DC: National Association of Public Child Welfare Administrators.
   Google Scholar
• Yatchmenoff, D. K. (2005). Measuring client engagement from the client's perspective in nonvoluntary child protective services. Research on Social Work Practice, 15(2), 84–96. doi:10.1177/1049731504271605
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar