References
- Astone, N. M., & McLanahan, S. S. (1994). Family structure, residential mobility, and school dropout: A research note. Demography, 31, 575–584.
- Avellar, S., & Smock, P. J. (2005). The economic consequences of the dissolution of cohabiting unions. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 315–327.
- Beck, A. N., Cooper, C. E., McLanahan, S., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2010). Partnership transitions and maternal parenting. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 219–233.
- Bendheim-Thoman Center for Research on Child Wellbeing. (2008). Introduction to the Fragile Families public use data. Retrieved from http://www.fragilefamilies.princeton.edu/documentation/core/4waves_ff_public.pdf
- Bronfenbrenner, U., & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9, 115–125.
- Burton, L. M., & Hardaway, C. R. (2012). Low-income mothers as “othermothers” to their romantic partners' children: Women's coparenting in multiple partner fertility relationships. Family Process, 51, 343–359.
- Cancian, M., Meyer, D. R., & Han, E. (2011). Child support: Responsible fatherhood and the quid pro quo. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 635, 140–162.
- Carlson, M. J. (2006). Family structure, father involvement, and adolescent behavioral outcomes. Journal of Marriage and Family, 68, 137–154.
- Carlson, M. J., & Furstenberg, F. F. (2006). The prevalence and correlates of multipartnered fertility among urban U.S. parents. Journal of Marriage and Family, 68, 718–732.
- Cherlin, A. J. (2010). Demographic trends in the United States: A review of research in the 2000s. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 403–419.
- Cherlin, A. J., & Furstenberg, F. F., Jr. (1994). Stepfamilies in the United States: A reconsideration. Annual Review of Sociology, 20, 359–381.
- Cohen, S. (2004). Social relationships and health. American Psychologist, 59, 676–684.
- Dorius, C. J. (2010). Does serial parenting harm women over the long run? The link between multiple partner fertility and women's mental and physical health at midlife ( Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://www.changingamericanfamilies.com/pdfs/dorius_dissertation.pdf
- Edin, K., & Nelson, T. J. (2013). Doing the best I can: Fatherhood in the inner city. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
- Edin, K., Tach, L., & Nelson, T. J. (2015). The diverging destinies of fathers and what it means for children's lives. In P. R. Amato, A. Booth, S. McHale, & J. Van Hook (Eds.), Families in an era of increasing inequality: Diverging destinies (pp. 213–221). New York, NY: Springer.
- Eggebeen, D. J. (2005). Cohabitation and exchanges of support. Social Forces, 83, 1097–1110.
- Eggebeen, D. J., & Knoester, C. (2001). Does fatherhood matter for men? Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 381–393.
- Evans, G. W., Gonnella, C., Marcynyszyn, L. A., Gentile, L., & Salpekar, N. (2005). The role of chaos in poverty and children's socioemotional adjustment. Psychological Science, 16, 560–565.
- Gibson-Davis, C. M. (2009). Money, marriage, and children: Testing the financial expectations and family formation theory. Journal of Marriage and Family, 71, 146–160.
- Guzzo, K. B. (2009). Men's visitation with nonresidential children: Do characteristics of coresidential and nonresidential children matter? Journal of Family Issues, 30, 921–944.
- Guzzo, K. B. (2014). New partners, more kids Multiple-partner fertility in the United States. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 654, 66–86.
- Guzzo, K. B., & Furstenberg, F. F. (2007). Multipartnered fertility among American men. Demography, 44, 583–601.
- Ha, Y., Cancian, M., & Meyer, D. R. (2011). The regularity of child support and its contribution to the regularity of income. Social Service Review, 85, 401–419.
- Harknett, K., & Knab, J. (2007). More kin, less support: Multipartnered fertility and perceived support among mothers. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69, 237–253.
- Holzer, H. J., Offner, P., & Sorensen, E. (2005) Declining employment among young black less-educated men: The role of incarceration and child support. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 24, 329–50.
- Killewald, A. (2012). A reconsideration of the fatherhood premium: Marriage, coresidence, biology, and fathers’ wages. American Sociological Review, 78, 96–116.
- Knoester, C., & Eggebeen, D. J. (2006). The effects of the transition to parenthood and subsequent children on men's well-being and social participation. Journal of Family Issues, 27, 1532–1560.
- Lerman, R. I. (2002). How do marriage, cohabitation, and single parenthood affect the material hardships of families with children? Washington, DC: The Urban Institute. Retrieved from https://aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/73491/SippPaper.pdf
- Lin, N. (1999). Social networks and status attainment. Annual Review of Sociology, 25, 467–487.
- Manning, W. D., & Smock, P. J. (1999). New families and nonresident father–child visitation. Social Forces, 78, 87–116.
- Manning, W. D., & Smock, P. J. (2000). “Swapping” families: Serial parenting and economic support for children. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 111–122.
- Martin, J. A., Hamilton, B. E., Osterman, M. J., Curtin, S. C., & Matthews, T. J. (2015). Births: Final data for 2013. National Vital Statistics Reports. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr64/nvsr64_01.pdf
- Mayer, S., & Jencks, C. (1989). Poverty and the distribution of material hardship. Journal of Human Resources, 24, 88–114.
- McLanahan, S. (2009). Fragile families and the reproduction of poverty. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 621, 111–131.
- McLanahan, S. (2011). Family instability and complexity after a nonmarital birth. In M. J. Carlson & P. England (Eds.), Social class and changing families in an unequal America, (pp. 108–133). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Meadows, S. O., McLanahan, S. S., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2008). Stability and change in family structure and maternal health trajectories. American Sociological Review, 73, 314–334.
- Meyer, D. R., Cancian, M., & Cook, S. T. (2005). Multiple-partner fertility: Incidence and implications for child support policy. Social Service Review, 79, 577–601.
- Miller, D. P., & Mincy, R. B. (2012). Falling further behind? Child support arrears and fathers’ labor force participation. Social Service Review, 86, 604–635.
- Monte, L. M. (2007). Blended but not the Bradys: Navigating unmarried multiple partner fertility. In P. England & K. Edin (Eds.), Unmarried couples with children (pp. 183–203). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
- Monte, L. M. (2011a). Multiple partner maternity versus multiple partner paternity: What matters for family trajectories. Marriage & Family Review, 47, 90–124.
- Monte, L. M. (2011b). The chicken and the egg of economic disadvantage and multiple partner fertility: Which comes first in a sample of low-income women. Western Journal of Black Studies, 35, 53–66.
- Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2012). Mplus user's guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author.
- Nepomnyaschy, L. (2007). Child support and father-child contact: Testing reciprocal pathways. Demography, 44, 93–112.
- Nepomnyaschy, L., & Garfinkel, I. (2010). Child support enforcement and fathers’ contributions to their nonmarital children. The Social Service Review, 84, 341.
- Nepomnyaschy, L., & Garfinkel, I. (2011). Fathers' involvement with their nonresident children and material hardship. Social Service Review, 85, 3–36.
- Nock, S. L. (1998). Marriage in men's lives. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
- Percheski, C., & Wildeman, C. (2008). Becoming a dad: Employment trajectories of married, cohabiting, and nonresident fathers. Social Science Quarterly, 89, 482–501.
- Reichman, N. E., Teitler, J. O., Garfinkel, I., McLanahan, S. S., (2001). Fragile families: Sample and design. Children and Youth Services Review, 23, 303–326.
- Roy, K., Palkovitz, R., & Fagan, J. (2007). Down but not out: Unstable resilience and strategies to stabilize involvement of low-income fathers. ( Working paper #07-24). National Poverty Center, University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://npc.umich.edu/publications/u/working_paper07-24.pdf
- Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. von Eye and C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research (pp. 399–419). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Schwartz-Soicher, O., Geller, A., & Garfinkel, I. (2011). The effect of paternal incarceration on material hardship. Social Service Review, 85, 447–473.
- Smeeding, T. M., Garfinkel, I., & Mincy, R. B. (2011). Young disadvantaged men: Fathers, families, poverty, and policy. ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 635, 6–21.
- Sorensen, E., Sousa, L., & Schaner, S. (2007). Assessing child support arrears in nine large states and the nation. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute. Retrieved from http://tpcprod.urban.org/UploadedPDF/1001242_child_support_arrears.pdf
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
- Tach, L., Edin, K., Harvey, H., & Bryan, B. (2014). The family-go-round: Family complexity and father involvement from a father's perspective. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 654, 169–184.
- Tach, L., Mincy, R, & Edin, K. (2010). Parenting as a “package deal”: Relationships, fertility, and nonresident father involvement among unmarried parents. Demography, 47, 181–204.
- Threlfall, J. M., Seay, K. D., & Kohl, P. L. (2013). The parenting role of African-American fathers in the context of urban poverty. Journal of Children and Poverty, 19, 45–61.
- Waller, M. R., & McLanahan, S. S. (2005). “His” and “her” marriage expectations: Determinants and consequences. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67, 53–67.
- Waller, M. R. (2009). Family man in the other America: New opportunities, motivations, and supports for paternal caregiving. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 624, 156–176.
- Weinshenker, M. (2015). The effect of fatherhood on employment hours: Variation by birth timing, marriage, and coresidence. Journal of Family Issues, 36, 3–30.