22
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Geodetic measurements in the ocean

Pages 3-35 | Published online: 10 Jan 2009

References

  • Anonymous . . Proceedings of First Marine Geodesy Symposium . Washington, D.C : U.S. Government Printing Office .
  • Anonymous . . Marine Geodesy—A Practical View . Proceedings of 2nd Marine Geodesy Symposium . November 3–5 1969 , New Orleans, Louisiana. Washington, D.C : published by Marine Technology Society .
  • Apel , J. R. , ed. 1972 . Sea Surface Topography from Space , NOAA Technical Report ERL 228‐AOML Vols. I and II ,
  • Apel , J. R. 1976 . Ocean Science from Space . E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union , 57 (9) : 612 – 624 .
  • Apel , J. R. and Byrne , H. M. . Oceanography and Marine Geoid . Proceedings International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 59 – 66 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Arnold , K. 1972 . Das Geoid aus Beobachtungen der Satellitenaltimetry , Publication No. 7 Potsdam : Central Institute of Earth Physics .
  • Arur , M. and Mueller , I. I. . Does Mean Sea Level Slope Up or Down Toward North? Comments on the Article by I. Fischer (1975) . Presented at American Geophysical Union Meeting’ . Washington, D.C..
  • Bakkelid , S. and Blandenburgh , J. C. 1974 . The Need and the Methods For Positioning and Navigation of the Norwegian Continental Shelf, Continental Shelf Division , 28 Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Research .
  • Balazs , E. I. . Local Mean Sea Level in Relation to Geodetic Leveling Along the United States Coastlines . Paper Presented at the Fourth GEOP Conference . August 16–17 1973 , Boulder, Colorado. Vol. 55 , E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union . (3)
  • Brown , D. C. 1973 . Investigation of the Feasibility of a Short Arc Reduction of Satellite Altimetry for Determination of the Oceanic Geoid , Report AFCRL‐TR‐73–0520 Air Force Cambridge Laboratories .
  • Campbell , A. C. . Geodetic Methods Applied to Acoustic Positioning . Proceedings of First Marine Geodsy Symposium,’ . September 28–30 1966 , Columbus, Ohio. pp. 165 – 171 . Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office .
  • Chovitz , B. , Mueller , Ivan I. , Rapp , R. H. , Sturges , W. and Weiffenback , G. . The Geoid and Ocean Surface . Proceedings Fourth Geophysical Conference, E©S, Transactions . Vol. 55 , pp. 128 – 131 . American Geophysical Union .
  • Clark , J. F. and Christensen , F. W. . The AN/WRD‐5; A New Tool for Marine Positioning . Proceedings International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 139 – 149 . Washington, D.C : Marine Technology Society .
  • Cohen , P. M. . Definition of Geographic Accuracies for Various Marine Tasks . Proceedings of a Second Symposium on Marine Geodesy . November 3–5 1969 . pp. 13 – 17 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Curlin , M. H. . LORAC System Trilateration for an Experiment in Marine Geodesy . Proceedings of the 2nd Marine Geodesy Symposium . pp. 55 – 67 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Geotechnology Society .
  • De Luchi , D. A. 1968 . Error Analyses of Various Acoustic Transponders Networks , Ohio State University . Thesis,
  • Fischer , I. . Deflections at Sea . Proceedings International Symposium on Earth's Gravitational Field and Secular Variations in Position . Edited by: Mather , R. S. and Angus‐Leppan , P. V. pp. 36 – 50 . Sydney, , Australia : University of New South Wales .
  • Fischer , I. 1975 and 1976 . Does Mean Sea Level Slope Up or Down Toward North? . Bulletin Geodesique , : 17 – 26 . (1975) and Vol. 50 (1) (1976)
  • Fischer , I. 1976 . Deflections and Geoidal Heights Across a Searnount . International Hydrographic Review, Monaco , 53 (1)
  • Frenkel . 1975 . Radio Navigation Study , Vols. I and II , 115 Virginia : NTIS Springfield . AD/A‐010
  • Fubara , D. M. J. 1973 . Non‐Classical Determination of Spatial Coordinates of Ocean‐Bottom Acoustic Transponders . Bulletin Geodesique , : 43 – 63 .
  • Fubara , D. M. J. and Mourad , A. G. . Requirements for a Marine Geoid Compatible with Geoid Deducible from Satellite Altimetry . Proceedings of the Conference on Sea Surface Topography from Space . Boulder, Colorado NOAA TR ERL 228‐AOML7
  • Fubara , D. M. J. and Mourad , A. G. 1972b . “ Marine Geodetic Control for Geoidal Profile Mapping Across the Puerto Rican Trench ” . In Report for NASA Wallops Flight Center, NASA CR‐137483
  • Fubara , D. M. J. and Mourad , A. G. 1973 . “ Applications of Satellite and Marine Geodesy to Operations in the Ocean Environment ” . In Report for NASA Wallops Flight Center, NASA CR‐137482
  • Fubara , D. M. J. and Mourad , A. G. . Impact of Satellite Altimetry on Geodetic Datum Definition . Proceedings of International Symposium on Redefinition of North American Geodetic Networks, Canadian Surveyor . Vol. 28 , pp. 539 – 548 . (5)
  • Fubara , D. M. J. and Mourad , A. G. . Results of Geodetic Processing and Analysis of Skylab Altimetry Data . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 301 – 314 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Godfrey , J. S. . Mean Sea Level: The Oceanographer's Point of View . Proceedings of International Symposium on Earth's Gravitational Field and Secular Variations in Position . Edited by: Mather , R. S. and Angus‐Leppan , P. V. pp. 560 – 564 . Sydney, , Australia : University of New South Wales .
  • Gopalapillai , S. 1974 . Non‐Global Recovery of Gravity Anomalies from a Combination of Terrestrial and Satellite Altimetry Data , Report AF ERL‐TR‐74–0333 Air Force Cambridge Laboratories .
  • Gopalapillai , S. , Mourad , A. G. and Kuhner , M. 1975 . “ Satellite Altimetry Applications to Geodesy ” . In Oceanography and Geophysics , 508 – 514 . IEEE Ocean . ‘75
  • Hart , William E. 1967 . Calibration of an Ocean Bottom Acoustic Transponder Net. IR No. 67–24 , Washington, D.C : Naval Oceanographic Office .
  • Heckman , D. B. . Survey of Acoustic Navigation Techniques . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 187 – 196 .
  • Husson , J. C and Thieriet , D. 1970 . A Proposed Aid to Geodesy: The Spatial System (GEOLE) . International Hydrographic Review , 47 (2)
  • Johnson , M. G. . Socio‐Economic Considerations in Exploiting Resources and Enhancing the Quality of the Ocean Environment . Proceedings of a Second Symposium on Marine Geodesy . November 3–5 1969 . Marine Technology Society .
  • Jury , H. L. . Marine Geodesy and Navigation at the Air Force Eastern Test Range . Proceedings of the Second Marine Geodesy Symposium . pp. 89 – 100 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Geotechnology Society .
  • Kaula , William M. 1971 . Solid Earth and Ocean Dynamics—Why Don't the Engineers Respond to the Needs in this Attractive Field? . Reviews of Space Science, Astronautics and Aeronautics , : 19 – 23 .
  • Kershner , R. B. 1969 . Low Altitude Navigation Satellite System. . Eascon Record , : 174 – 179 .
  • Killian , K. . Ideas and Propositions on Marine Geodesy . Proceedings of the International Symposium Figure of the Earth and Refraction . March 14–17 , Vienna.
  • Knowles , T. C. and Ray , R. D. 1972 . Geodetic Survey of Deep Ocean Acoustic Transponder Array and Evaluation of Recovered Ship Locations (Abstract) . E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union , 53 (11) : 970
  • Krakiwski , E. J. , Wells , D. E. and Thomson , D. B. 1973 . Geodetic Control from Doppler Satellite Observations for Lines Under 200 km . The Canadian Surveyor , 27 (2) : 141 – 148 .
  • Lisitzin , E. 1974b . Sea Level Changes , New York : Elsevier Publishing Co .
  • Lowenstein , C. D. and Mudie , J. D. 1967 . On Optimization of Transponder Spacing for Range‐Range Navigation . Journal of Ocean Technology , 1 (2) : 29 – 31 .
  • Mackenzie , K. V. 1969 . Acoustic Behavior of Near‐Bottom Sources Utilized for Navigation of Manned Deep Submergence Vehicles . Marine Technology Society Journal , 3 (2) : 45 – 56 .
  • Marine Technology Society . . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . Washington, D.C
  • Marsh , J. G. and Vincent , S. 1974a . Global Detailed Geoid Computation and Model Analysis . Geophysical Surveys , 1 : 481 – 511 .
  • Marsh , J. G. and Vincent , S. . Detailed Gravimetric Geoid for the GEOS‐C Altimeter Calibration Area . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 371 – 379 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Mather , R. S. . The Influence of Stationary Sea Surface Topography on Geodetic Considerations . International Symposium on Earth's Gravitational Field and Secular Variations in Position . Edited by: Mather , R. S. and Angus‐Leppan , P. V. pp. 585 – 599 . Sydney, , Australia : University of New South Wales .
  • Mather , R. S. . Geoid Definitions for the Study of Sea Surface Topography from Satellite Altimetry . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 279 – 290 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Mather , R. S. 1974b . On the Solution of the Geodetic Boundary Value Problem for the Definition of Sea Surface Topography . Geophysical Journal, Royal Astronomical Society , 39 : 87 – 109 .
  • Mather , R. S. 1975 . On the Evaluation of Stationary Sea Surface Topography Using Geodetic Techniques . Bulletin Geodesique , : 65 – 82 .
  • McCandless , S. W. Jr. . SEASAT‐A—A User Oriented Systems Design . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 67 – 74 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • McGoogan , J. T. , Leitao , C. D. , Wells , W. T. , Miller , L. S. and Brown , G. S. . Skylab Altimeter Applications and Scientific Results . Proceedings of AIAA/AGU Conference on Scientific Experiments of Skylab . pp. 74 – 1221 . Huntsville, Alabama : AIAA .
  • McGoogan , J. T. , Leitao , D. C , Miller , L. S. and Wells , W. T. . Skylab S‐193 Altimeter Experiment Performance, Results and Applications . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 291 – 300 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • McKeown , D. L. and Eaton , M. R. . An Experiment to Determine the Repeatability of an Acoustic Range‐Range Positioning System . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 197 – 208 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Mitchell , H. L. 1973a . Relations Between Sea Level and Geodectic Levelling in Australia , UNISURV Rep. S‐9 228 Kensington, New South Wales : University of New South Wales .
  • Mitchell , H. L. . Sea Surface Topography in Geodesy with Particular Reference to Australia . International Symposium on Earth's Gravitational Field and Secular Variations in Position . Edited by: Mather , R. S. and Angus‐Leppan , P. V. pp. 573 – 584 . Sydney, , Australia : University of New South Wales .
  • Montgomery , R. B. 1969 . Comments on Oceanic Leveling . Deep Sea Research , 16 ( Supplement ) : 147 – 152 .
  • Montgomery , R. B. . Departures of Sea Surface from the Geoid . Presented at the Fourth GEOP Research Conference . August 16–17 1973 , Boulder, Colorado. Vol. 55 , E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union . (3)
  • Moritz , H. 1974 . Precise Gravimetric Geodesy , Reports of the Ohio State University Department of Geodetic Science, No. 219 Columbus, Ohio
  • Mourad , A. G. 1970 . New Techniques for Geodetic Measurements at Sea . E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union , 51 : 864 – 873 .
  • Mourad , A. G. 1972a . Marine Geodesy 1967–1971 Special Study Group (SSG1–25) Report to the International Association of Geodesy, Section I, Moscow , Vol. 24 , 109 – 144 . Paris : Travaux de l'Association Internationale de Geodesie .
  • Mourad , A. G. 1972b . Geodesy , 228 – 230 . McGraw‐Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology .
  • Mourad , A. G. and Frazier , N. A. 1967 . Improving Navigational Systems Through Establishment of a Marine Geodetic Range . Journal of the Institute of Navigation , 14 (22) : 187 – 194 .
  • Mourad , A. G. and Fubara , D. M. J. 1972 . Interaction of Marine Geodesy, Satellite Technology and Ocean Physics , Report CR‐137470 NASA/Wallops Flight Center .
  • Mourad , A. G. and Fubara , D. M. J. . Requirements and Applications of Marine Geodesy and Satellite Technology to Operations in the Oceans . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 15 – 27 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Mourad , A. G. , Frazier , N. A. , Holdahl , J. H. , Someraski , F. W. and Hopper , A. T. 1969 . Satellite Applications to Marine Geodesy , CR – 1253 . NASA .
  • Mourad , A. G. , Holdahl , J. H. and Frazier , N. A. 1970 . Preliminary Results of the Establishment of a Marine Geodetic Point in the Pacific Ocean . Bulletin Geodesique , : 107 – 124 .
  • Mourad , A. G. , Fubara , D. M. J. , Hopper , A. T. and Ruck , G. T. 1972 . Geodetic Location of Acoustic Ocean‐Bottom Transponders from Surface Positions . E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union , 53 : 664 – 649 .
  • Mourad , A. G. , Gopalapillai , S. , Kuhner , M. and Fubara , D. M. J. 1975a . “ Improved Ground Truth Geoid for the GEOS‐C Calibration Area ” . In Report by Battelle's Columbus Laboratories to NASA Wallops Flight Center
  • Mourad , A. G. , Gopalapillai , S. and Kuhner , M. . The Significance of the Skylab Altimeter Experiment Results and Potential Applications . Proceedings of the NASA Johnson Space Center Earth Resources Survey Symposium . June 8–12 , Houston, Texas.
  • Parkinson , B. W. . Global Positioning System, an Evolutionary Research and Development Program . Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Planning Meeting . December 3–5 , Washington, D.C. : U.S. Naval Research Laboratory .
  • Pieplu , J. L. . Results of Geole System Simulations . Proceedings of the International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 175 – 185 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Ramsayer , K. H. . Integrated Navigation by Least Square Adjustment, Means for Precise Determination in Marine Geodesy . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications on Marine Geodesy . pp. 123 – 128 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Rapp , R. H. 1974 . The Geoid: Definition and Determination . EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union , 55 (3) : 118 – 126 .
  • Rapp , R. H. . Definition and Determination of Precise Gravimetric Geoids . Paper Presented at the 1976 Spring Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union . April 12–15 .
  • Saxena , N. . Marine Geodesy—Problem Areas and Solution Concepts . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 257 – 267 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Seeber , G. . Research Connected with Marine Geodesy at the Technical University at Hanover, Germany . Proceedings of International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy . pp. 83 – 86 . Washington, D.C. : Marine Technology Society .
  • Sheriff , R. E. . The Requirements and (Problems of Navigation for Geophysical Exploration . Paper Presented at Symposium on Offshore Positioning for Petroleum Exploration and Production, Offshore Technology Conference . May , Houston, Texas.
  • Spiess , F. N. . Underwater Acoustic Positioning: Applications . Proceedings of the 1st Marine Geodesy Symposium . September 28–30 . pp. 93 – 102 . Department of Commerce, U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey .
  • Stanley , H. R. , Martin , C. F. , Roy , N. A. and Brooks , R. L. 1971a . Geodetic Ship Positions from Satellite Measurements by C‐Band Radars Confirm Ocean Surface Profile (Abstract) , Vol. 52 , 817 E©S, Transactions, American Geophysical Union .
  • Stanley , H. R. , Martin , C. F. , Roy , N. A. and Vetter , J. R. May 1971b . An Error Analysis of the Recovery Capability of the Relative Sea‐Surface Profile Over the Puerto Rican Trench from Mult‐Station and Ship Tracking of GEOS‐II , Report No. X‐300–71–1 May , NASA Wallops Flight Center .
  • Stansell , T. A. 1969 . The Navy Navigation Satellite System: Description and Status . International Hydrographic Review , January
  • Stansell , T. A. 1971 . Transit, the Navy Navigation Satellite System . Navigation, Journal of the Institute of Navigation , 18 (1)
  • Sturges , W. . Discrepancy Between Geodetic and Oceanographic Leveling Along Continental Boundaries . Proceedings of International Symposium on Earth's Gravitational Field and Secular Variations in Position . Edited by: Mather , R. S. and Angus‐Leppan , P. V. pp. 565 – 572 . Sydney, , Australia : University of New South Wales .
  • Sturges , W. 1974 . Sea Level Slope Along Continental Boundaries . Journal of Geophysical Research , 79 (6) : 825 – 830 .
  • Talwani , M. , Poppe , H. R. and Rabinowitz , P. D. . Gravimetrically Determined Geoid in the Western North Atlantic . Proceedings of the Conference on Sea Surface from Space . Vol. II , Boulder, Colorado we‐1, NOAA ERL 228‐AOML7
  • Vincent , S. , Strange , W. E. and Marsh , J. G. 1972 . A Detailed Gravimetric Geoid of North America, the North Atlantic, Eurasia, and Australia , NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Report No. X‐533–72–331
  • Von Arx , W. S. . Relationship of Marine Physical Geodesy to Physical Oceanographic Measurements . Proceedings of First Marine Geodesy Symposium Battelle Memorial Institute . 1966 , Columbus, Ohio. Washington, D.C : U.S. Government Printing Office .
  • Von Arx , W. S. 1970 . “ Marine Geodesy ” . In Of the Sea , Vol. 4 , 597 – 635 . Wiley‐Interscience . Part 1,
  • Wells , D. E. 1974 . Doppler Satellite Control , Technical Report No. 29 277 Fredrickton, New Brunswick, , Canada : University of New Brunswick .
  • Yamazaki , A. . Relative Position Determination of Acoustic Transponders . Paper Presented at the Marine and Coastal Geodesy Symposium . IUGG XVI General Assembly . unpublished

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.