A Simple Method to Minimize Orientation Effects in a Profiling Radiometer

References

• Aas , E. and Korsb , O. B. 1997 . Self-shading effect by radiance meters on upward radiance observed in coastal waters . Limnology and Oceanography , 42 : 968 – 974 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abelev , A. V. , Valent , P. J. and Holland , K. T. 2007 . Behavior of a large cylinder in free fall through water . IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering , 32 ( 1 ) : 10 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu , P. C. , Gilles , A. and Fan , C. 2005 . Experiment of falling cylinder through the water column . Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science , 29 ( 5 ) : 555 – 568 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu , P. C. , Fan , C. W. , Evans , A. D. and Gilles , A. 2004 . Triple coordinate transforms for prediction of falling cylinder through the water column . Journal of Applied Mechanics , 71 : 292 – 298 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu , P. C. , Gilles , A. F. , Fan , C. W. , Lan , J. and Fleischer , P. 2002 . Hydrodynamics of falling cylinder in water column . Advances in Fluid Mechanics , 4 : 163 – 181 .
   Google Scholar
• Dera , J. and Stramski , D. 1986 . Maximum effects of sunlight focusing under a wind-disturbed sea surface . Oceanologia , 23 : 15 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Dera , J. and Gordon , H. R. 1968 . Light field fluctuations in the photic zone . Limnology and Oceanography , 13 : 697 – 699 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dera , J. and Olszewski , J. 1978 . Experimental study of short-period irradiance fluctuations under an undulated sea surface . Oceanologia , 10 : 27 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Desa , E. S. and Desa , B. A. E. 1991 . Design of an in-water spectrograph for radiance measurements in the ocean . Optical Engineering , 30 : 1576 – 1582 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desa , E. S. , Desa , E. , Prabhudesai , R. G. and Suresh , T. 1994 . A fast scanning high-resolution in-water spectroradiometer . OCEANS 94 , 3 : 13 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Friedman , A. , Zilman , G. and Miloh , T. 2003 . Dynamics of a body falling in waves. Le Croisic , , France Presented at the 18th IWWWFB
   Google Scholar
• Gernez , P. and Antoine , D. 2009 . Field characterization of wave-induced underwater light field fluctuations . Journal of Geophysical Research , 114 : C06025
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , H. R. 1985 . Ship perturbation of irradiance measurements at sea. Part 1: Monte Carlo simulations . Applied Optics , 24 : 4172 – 4182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon , H. R. and Ding , K. 1992 . Self-shading of in-water optical instruments . Limnology and Oceanography , 37 : 491 – 500 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , R. M. and Gerard , V. A. 1990 . Effects of high-frequency light fluctuations on growth and photo acclimation of the red alga Chondrus crispus . Marine Biology , 105 : 337 – 344 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hieronymi , M. and Macke , A. 2010 . Spatiotemporal underwater light field fluctuations in the open ocean . Journal of European Optical Society—Rapid Publications , 10019 : 5
   Google Scholar
• Holland , K. T. , Green , A. W. , Abelev , A. V. and Valent , P. J. 2004 . Parameterization of the in-water motions of falling cylinders using high-speed video . Journal of Experiments in Fluids , 37 : 690 – 700 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. and Maritorena , S. 2000 . An evaluation of oceanographic radiometers and deployment methodologies . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 17 : 811 – 830 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. and Esaias , W. E. 1993 . An overview of the SeaWiFS project . EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union , 74 : 241 – 246 .
   Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. , Zibordi , G. D. , Berthon , J. F. , D’Alimonte , D. , Maritorena , S. , McLean , S. and Sildam , J. 2001 . Results of the second SeaWiFS data analysis round robin, March 2000 (DARR-00) , Edited by: Hooker , S. B. and Firestone , E. R. 71 Greenbelt , MD : NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . NASA Tech. Memo 2001-206892, 15
   Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. , Lazin , G. , Zibordi , G. and McLean , S. 2003 . An evaluation of above and in water methods for determining water-leaving radiances . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 19 : 486 – 515 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. , Zibordi , G. , van der Linde , D. , D’Alimonte , D. , Berthon , J. F. and Brown , J. 2002 . Tower perturbation measurements in above-water radiometry , Edited by: Hooker , S. B. and Firestone , E. R. Greenbelt , MD : NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . NASA TM 2002–206892, v. 23:35
   Google Scholar
• Hooker , S. B. and Aiken , J. 1998 . Calibration evaluation and radiometric testing of field radiometers with the SeaWiFS Quality Monitor (SQM) . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 15 : 995 – 1007 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph , D. D. and Liu , Y. J. 1993 . Orientation of long bodies falling in a viscoelastic liquid . Journal of Rheology , 37 : 961 – 983 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , Y. , Liu , Y. and Yue , D. K. P. 2002 . Motion dynamics of three-dimensional bodies falling through water , Cambridge , , UK : 17th International Workshop on Water Waves and Floating Bodies .
   Google Scholar
• Mueller , J. L. , Morel , A. , Frouin , R. , Davis , C. , Arnone , R. , Carder , K. , Lee , Z. P. , Steward , R. G. , Hooker , S. , Mobley , C. D. , McLean , S. , Holben , B. N. , Miller , M. , Pietras , C. , Knobelspiesse , K. D. , Fargion , G. S. , Porter , J. and Voss , K. 2003 . Ocean optics protocols for satellite ocean color sensor validation, revision. 4, volume III: Radiometric measurements and data analysis protocols NASA/TM-2003-211621/Rev4-Vol. III
   Google Scholar
• Mueller , J. L. and Austin , R. W. 1995 . Ocean optics protocols for SeaWiFS validation, revision 1 , Edited by: Hooker , S. B. , Firestone , E. R. and Acker , J. G. Greenbelt , MD : NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . NASA Tech. Memo. 104566, 25:67
   Google Scholar
• Smith , R. C. , Booth , C. R. and Star , J. L. 1984 . Oceanographic bio-optical profiling system . Applied Optics , 23 : 2791
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , R. L. and Dera , J. 1970 . Wave-induced light-field fluctuations in the sea . Journal of Optical Society of America , 60 : 1072 – 1079 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinrad , R. W. and Widder , E. A. 1992 . Ship shadow measurements obtained from a manned submersible . SPIE Proceedings , 1750 : 372 – 383 .
   Google Scholar
• Sreenivas , P. , Patnaik , K. V. K. R. K. and Prasad , K. V. S. R. 2008 . Monthly variability of mixed layer over Arabian Sea using ARGO data . Marine Geodesy , 31 : 17 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stramski , D. and Dera , J. 1988 . On the mechanism for producing flashing light under a wind disturbed water surface . Oceanologia , 25 : 5 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Thadathil , P. , Thoppil , P. , Rao , R. R. , Muraleedharan , P. M. , Somayajulu , Y. K. , Gopalakrishna , V. V. , Murthugudde , R. , Reddy , G. V. and Revichandran , C. 2008 . Seasonal variability of the observed barrier layer in the Arabian Sea . Journal of Physical Oceanography , 38 : 624 – 638 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaidya , A. 2004 . Orientation of rigid bodies freefalling in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids , Ph.D. thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh .
   Google Scholar
• Vaidya , A. 2006 . Observations on the transient nature of shape-tilting bodies in polymeric fluids . Journal of Fluids and Structures , 22 ( 2 ) : 253 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss , K. J. , Nolten , J. W. and Edwards , G. D. 1986 . Ship shadow effects on apparent optical properties . Ocean Optics VIII, SPIE , 637 : 186 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Waters , K. J. , Smith , R. C. and Lewis , M. R. 1990 . Avoiding ship induced light-field perturbation in the determination of oceanic optical properties . Oceanography , 3 : 18 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Weir , C. T. , Siegel , D. A. , Michaels , A. F. and Menzies , D. W. 1994 . “ In situ evaluation of a ship's shadow ” . In Ocean Optics XII, SPIE 815 – 821 . 2258
   Google Scholar
• Weir , C. T. , Siegel , D. A. , Menzies , D. W. and Michaels , A. F. 1995 . In situ evaluation of a ship's shadow. Case studies for SeaWIFS calibration and validation, Part 3 , Edited by: Hooker , S. B. , Firestone , E. R. and Acker , J. G. 25 – 33 . NASA Tech. Memo . 104566, 27
   Google Scholar
• Zaneveld , J. R. V. , Boss , E. and Barnard , A. 2001 . Influence of surface waves on measured and modeled irradiance profiles . Applied Optics , 40 : 1442 – 1449 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zibordi , G. and Ferrari , M. 1995 . Instrument self-shading in underwater optical measurements: Experimental data . Applied Optics , 34 : 2750 – 2754 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zibordi , G. , Berthon , J. F. and D’Alimonte , D. 2009 . An evaluation of radiometric products from fixed-depth and continuous in-water profile data from moderately complex waters . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 26 : 91 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zibordi , G. , D’Alimonte , D. and Berthon , J. F. 2004 . An evaluation of depth resolution requirements for optical profiling in coastal waters . Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology , 21 : 1059 – 1073 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar