Mitigation of Flux Decline in the Cross-Flow Nanofiltration of Molasses Wastewater under the Effect of Gas Sparging

REFERENCES

• Mahimairaja, S.; Bolan, N.S. Problems and prospects of agricultural use of distillery spentwash in India. In: Third Australian and New Zealand Soil Science Societies Joint Conference 2004, Sydney, Australia, 5–9 December, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• FitzGibbon, F.; Singh, D.; McMullan, G.; Marchant, R. (1998) The effect of phenolic acids and molasses spentwash concentration on distillery wastewater remediation by fungi. Proc.Biochem, 33 (8): 799.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nataraj, S.K.; Hosamani, K.M.; Aminabhavi, T.M. (2006) Distillery wastewater treatment by the membrane-based nanofiltration and reverse osmosis processes. Water Res, 40 (12):2349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rai, U. K.; Muthukrishnan, M.; Guha, B. K (2008) Tertiary treatment of distillery wastewater by nanofiltration. Desalination, 230:70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X-L; Zhang, C.; Ouyang P. (2002) The possibility of separating saccharides from a NaCl solution by using nanofiltration in a diafiltration mode. J. Membr. Sci, 204:271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayer, M.; Braun, R.; Fuchs, W. (2006) Comparison of various aeration dvices for air sparging in crossflow membrane filtration. J. Membr. Sci, 277:258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najarian, S.; Bellhouse, B. J. (1996) Effect of liquid pulsation on protein fractionation using ultrafiltration processes. J. Membr. Sci, 114:245.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwinge, J.; Wiley, D.E.; Fane, A.G. (2004) Novel spacer design improves observed flux. J. Membr. Sci., 229:53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hargrove, S. C.; Parthasarathy, H.; Ilias, S. (2003) Flux enhancement in crossflow membrane filtration by flow reversal: A case study on ultrafiltration of BSA. Sep. Sci. Technol, 38:3133.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auddy, K.; De, S.; DasGupta, S. (2004) Flux enhancement in nanofiltration of dye solution using turbulent promoters. Sep. Purif. Technol, 40:31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rai, P.; Majumdar, G.C.; Dasgupta, S.; De, S. (2010) Flux enhancement during ultrafiltration of mosambi (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) juice. J Food. Proc. Eng, 33:554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balakrishnan, M.; Agarwal, G. (1996) Protein fractionation in a vortex flow filter I: effect of system hydrodynamics and solution environment on single protein transmission. J Membr. Sci, 112:47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moulin, P.; Rouch, J.; Serra, C.; Clifton, M.; Aptel, P. (1996) Mass transfer improvement by secondary flows: Dean vortices in coiled tubular membranes. J Membr. Sci, 114: 235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui, Z. F.; Wright, K. I. T. (1994) Gas-liquid two-phase cross-flow ultrafiltration of BSA and dextran solutions. J Membr. Sci, 90:183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellara, S. R.; Cui, Z. F.; Pepper, D. S. (1996) Gas sparging to enhance permeate flux in ultrafiltration using hollow fiber membranes. J Membr. Sci., 121:175.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, S.; Fane, A.G. (2001) The effect of fiber diameter on filtration and flux distribution- relevance to submerged hollow fiber modules. J Membr. Sci., 184(2): 221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youravong, W.; Li, Z.; Laorko, A. (2010) Influence of gas sparging on clarification of pine apple wine by microfiltration. J Food Engg., 96:427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, T-W.; Li, L-N. (2007) Gas-sparging cross-flow ultrafiltration in flat-plate membrane module: Effects of channel height and membrane inclination. Sep. Purif. Technol, 55:50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Um, M-J.; Yoon, S-H.; Lee, C-H.; Chung, K-Y.; Kim, J-J. (2001) Flux enhancement with gas injection in crossflow ultrafiltration of oily waste water. Water Res., 35 (17): 4095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laborie, S.; Cabassud, C.; Durand-Bourlier, L.; Laine, J. M. (1999) Characterization of gas-liquid two phase flow inside capillaries. Chem. Eng. Sci., 54:5723.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui, Z F.; Chang, S.; Fane, A. G. (2003) The use of gas bubbling to enhance membrane proceses: A review. J. Membr. Sci, 221:1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AWWA (2005) Membrane Technology Research Committee: Recent advances and research needs in membrane fouling. J Am. Water Works. Assoc, 97 (8): 79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Public Health Association (APHA) (2005) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste-Water. In: Clesceri, L.S., Greenberg, A.E., Eaton, A.D., eds. Washington, DC.
   Google Scholar
• Chiu, T.Y.; James, A.E. (2005) Critical Flux determination of non-circular multichannel ceramic membrane using TiO2 suspensions. J. Membr. Sci, 254:295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiu, T.Y.; Jame, A.E. (2006) Critical flux enhancement in gas assisted microfiltration. J. Membr. Sci., 281:274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiley, D. E., Fell, C.J.D., Fane, A.G. (1985) Optimization of membrane module design for brackish water desalination. Desalination, 52: 249–265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De, S.; Bhattacharya, P.K. (1997) Prediction of mass-transfer coefficient with suction in the applications of reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration J. Membr. Sci., 128:119.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minnikanti, V.S.; DasGupta, S.; De, S. (1999) Prediction of mass transfer coefficient with suction for turbulent flow in crossflow ultrafiltration. J. Membr. Sci, 157:227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Berg, G. B.; Racz, I. G.;. Smolders, C. A. (1989) Mass transfer coefficients in crossflow ultrafiltration. J Membr. Sci., 47:25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treybal, R. E. (1981) Mass Transfer Operations, 3rd ed.; McGraw Hill: New Delhi; pp. 34–37.
   Google Scholar
• Verberk, J. Q. J. C.; van Dijk, J. C. (2006) Air sparging in capillary nanofiltration. J Membr. Sci, 284:339.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ducom, G.; Matamoros, H.; Cabassud, C. (2002) Air sparging for flux enhancement in nanofiltration membranes: Application to O/W stabilised and non-stabilised emulsions. J Membr. Sci, 204:221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niewersch, C.; Meier, K.; Wintgens, T.; Melin, T. (2010) Selectivity of polyamide nanofiltration membranes for cations and phosphoric acid. Desalination, 250:1021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rai, U.; Guha, B. K.; Kumar, J. (2000) Treatment of distillery waste water using membrane filtration for water reuse. In: The Proceedings of the Indian Chemical Engineering Congress, Vol. 2, WTR 17–20.
   Google Scholar
• Ducom, G.; Cabassud, C. (2003) Possible effects of air sparging for nanofiltration of salted solutions. Desalination, 156:267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laorko, A.; Li, Z.; Tongchitpakdee, S.; Youravong, W. (2011) Effect of gas sparging on flux enhancement and phytochemical properties of clarified pineapple juice by microfiltration. Sep. Purif. Technol, 80:445.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Q. Y.; Ghosh, R.; Bellara, S. R.; Cui, Z.F.; Pepper, D.S. (1998) Enhancement of ultrafiltration by gas sparging with flat sheet membrane modules. Sep. Purif. Technol, 14: 79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koyuncu, I.; Topacik, D. (2002) Effect of organic ion on the separation of salts by nanofiltration membranes. J Membr. Sci. 195:247.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prádamos, P.P.; Arribas, J.I.; Herrádez, A. (1995) Mass-transfer coefficient and retention of PEGs in low pressure cross-flow ultrafiltration through asymmetric membranes. J. Membr. Sci., 99:1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeh, H.M.; Chen, Y.K.; Tseng, I.H. (2002) The effect of aspect ratio on solvent extraction in cross-flow parallel plate membrane modules. Sep. Purif. Technol., 28:181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Platt, S.; Mauramo, M.; Butylina, S.; Nyström, M. (2002) Retention of PEGs in cross-flow ultrafiltration through membranes. Desalination, 149:417.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peeva, L. G.; Gibbins, E.; Luthra, S. S.; White, L. S.; Stateva, R. P.; Livingston, A. G. (2004) Effect of concentration polarization and osmotic pressure on flux in organic solvent nanofiltration. J Membr. Sci, 236: 121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui., Z.; Wright, K. I. T. (1996), Flux enhancements with gas sparging in downwards crossflow ultrafiltration: performance and mechanism. J Membr. Sci., 117:109.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qaisrani, T. M.; Samhaber, W. M. (2011) Impact of gas bubbling and backflushing on fouling control and membrane cleaning. Desalination, 266: 154.
   Google Scholar